本文選題：官方出口信貸措施 + SCM協(xié)定��； 參考：《西南政法大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：官方出口信貸措施屬于政策性金融措施的一種，能擴(kuò)大提供國(guó)的出口貿(mào)易、促進(jìn)國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，但同時(shí)也會(huì)對(duì)正常的國(guó)際貿(mào)易秩序造成一定的扭曲。為了規(guī)范官方出口信貸措施的使用，OECD參加方于1978年達(dá)成了《官方支持的出口信貸安排》，WTO下的SCM協(xié)定也將官方出口信貸措施納入規(guī)制范圍，并將前者引入到WTO體系下。WTO提倡的是貿(mào)易自由，而官方出口信貸措施在一定程度上具有扭曲國(guó)際貿(mào)易的效果，因此其理所當(dāng)然地受到WTO的規(guī)制。從WTO成立至今，已經(jīng)有數(shù)起關(guān)于官方出口信貸措施的爭(zhēng)端，中國(guó)近年來對(duì)光伏產(chǎn)品提供的官方出口信貸也成為了指控對(duì)象。由此可見我國(guó)官方出口信貸措施可能存在問題，需要予以關(guān)注并加以解決。 本文以官方出口信貸措施WTO合規(guī)性為研究對(duì)象，在分析WTO補(bǔ)貼與反補(bǔ)貼法律制度的基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合WTO已有案例對(duì)官方出口信貸措施相關(guān)法律問題的剖析，以及中國(guó)官方出口信貸的現(xiàn)狀和存在的問題，提出完善中國(guó)官方出口信貸措施的建議，使之能夠最大限度地服務(wù)于我國(guó)的出口貿(mào)易。 本文在具體內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)上，共分為四個(gè)部分： 第一部分是官方出口信貸措施概述。首先對(duì)官方出口信貸措施的概念、特點(diǎn)以及其對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)經(jīng)濟(jì)和國(guó)際貿(mào)易的影響進(jìn)行了解釋和介紹，并由此引出WTO規(guī)制官方出口信貸措施的必要性。由于官方出口信貸措施本質(zhì)上是一種補(bǔ)貼，既有促進(jìn)出口的積極作用，又會(huì)對(duì)國(guó)際貿(mào)易產(chǎn)生扭曲，而WTO提倡的恰恰是公平和自由貿(mào)易，因此有必要將其納入WTO的規(guī)制范圍。 第二部分是對(duì)WTO補(bǔ)貼與反補(bǔ)貼法律制度和相關(guān)規(guī)定的分析。通過對(duì)WTO補(bǔ)貼與反補(bǔ)貼法律制度的分析，特別是SCM協(xié)定對(duì)補(bǔ)貼的界定和分類的分析，引出SCM協(xié)定中關(guān)于官方出口信貸措施的具體內(nèi)容，由于后文實(shí)證分析會(huì)涉及到《安排》，所以在此對(duì)《安排》的相關(guān)內(nèi)容也作簡(jiǎn)要介紹。接著是對(duì)官方出口信貸措施的合規(guī)性作理論上的剖析，為下一部分的實(shí)證分析奠定理論基礎(chǔ)。 第三部分是與官方出口信貸措施有關(guān)的WTO案例實(shí)證分析。實(shí)踐中已有數(shù)起與官方出口信貸措施相關(guān)的案例，，通過分析這些案例中專家組和上訴機(jī)構(gòu)對(duì)相關(guān)法律問題（如公共機(jī)構(gòu)、財(cái)政資助、利益授予等要素）的剖析，得出官方出口信貸措施合規(guī)需要符合的條件，并作簡(jiǎn)要評(píng)析。 第四部分是完善中國(guó)官方出口信貸措施的建議。結(jié)合中國(guó)官方出口信貸的現(xiàn)狀以及存在的問題，對(duì)中國(guó)的官方出口信貸措施進(jìn)行分析并提出完善的建議。目前我國(guó)官方出口信貸措施在提供機(jī)構(gòu)、信貸條件、業(yè)務(wù)結(jié)構(gòu)等諸多方面還存在問題，相應(yīng)地也要從這幾方面進(jìn)行完善，比如保障信貸機(jī)構(gòu)資金的充足、加強(qiáng)出口買方信貸業(yè)務(wù)的開展、支持的對(duì)象范圍也有待擴(kuò)展。
[Abstract]:Official export credit measures are one of the policy financial measures, which can expand the export trade of the supplying countries and promote the development of the national economy, but at the same time, it will also cause certain distortions to the normal international trade order. In order to regulate the use of official export credit measures (OECs), OECD participants reached an agreement under the SCM in 1978, which also included official export credit measures in the scope of regulation. The former is introduced into the WTO system, which advocates the freedom of trade, while the official export credit measures have the effect of distorting international trade to a certain extent, so they are naturally regulated by WTO. Since the establishment of the WTO, there have been several disputes over official export credit measures, and China's official export credit for photovoltaic products has been the subject of accusations in recent years. This shows that China's official export credit measures may exist problems, need to be concerned and solved. This paper takes the WTO compliance of official export credit measures as the research object, on the basis of analyzing the legal system of WTO subsidy and countervailing, combining with the existing cases of WTO to analyze the legal problems related to the official export credit measures. As well as the present situation and existing problems of China's official export credit, the paper puts forward some suggestions on how to perfect the measures of China's official export credit, so that it can serve our export trade to the maximum extent. This paper is divided into four parts: The first part is an overview of official export credit measures. Firstly, the concept and characteristics of official export credit measures and their effects on domestic economy and international trade are explained and introduced, and the necessity of regulating official export credit measures by WTO is deduced. Because the official export credit measure is a kind of subsidy in essence, it can not only promote the export positively, but also distort the international trade, and the WTO advocates the fair and free trade, so it is necessary to bring it into the scope of the WTO regulation. The second part is the analysis of WTO subsidy and countervailing legal system. Through the analysis of the legal system of WTO subsidies and countervailing, especially the definition and classification of subsidies in the SCM Agreement, the specific contents of the official export credit measures in the SCM Agreement are introduced. Since the later empirical analysis will involve the arrangement, this paper also briefly introduces the relevant contents of the arrangement. Then the paper makes a theoretical analysis of the compliance of official export credit measures, which lays a theoretical foundation for the next part of the empirical analysis. The third part is the empirical analysis of WTO cases related to official export credit measures. In practice, there have been a number of cases related to official export credit measures, through the analysis of relevant legal issues (such as public institutions, financial support, benefits grant, etc.) by expert groups and appellate bodies in these cases. Draw official export credit measures compliance needs to meet the conditions, and make a brief assessment. The fourth part is the suggestion of perfecting China's official export credit measures. Combined with the current situation and existing problems of China's official export credit, this paper analyzes the measures of China's official export credit and puts forward some suggestions. At present, China's official export credit measures still have problems in many aspects, such as providing institutions, credit conditions, business structure, and so on. Accordingly, they should also be perfected from these aspects, such as ensuring the adequacy of credit institutions' funds. To strengthen the export buyer credit business, the scope of support needs to be expanded.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D996.1

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 余曉琴;從《補(bǔ)貼與反補(bǔ)貼措施協(xié)定》看我國(guó)官方出口信貸利率的形成機(jī)制[J];當(dāng)代財(cái)經(jīng);2005年10期

2 沈四寶,顧業(yè)池;世貿(mào)組織透明度原則與中國(guó)的法治進(jìn)程[J];國(guó)際商務(wù).對(duì)外經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2004年01期

3 黃志雄;羅嫣;;中美可再生能源貿(mào)易爭(zhēng)端的法律問題——兼論WTO綠色補(bǔ)貼規(guī)則的完善[J];法商研究;2011年05期

4 何焰;我國(guó)出口信貸發(fā)展中存在的問題及其對(duì)策[J];福建行政學(xué)院福建經(jīng)濟(jì)管理干部學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2002年03期

5 李福勝,肖連魁;WTO與我國(guó)官方支持的出口信貸:約束、空間與對(duì)策建議[J];國(guó)際金融研究;2003年04期

6 姚新超;;WTO規(guī)范下非農(nóng)產(chǎn)品出口授信補(bǔ)貼正當(dāng)性的檢驗(yàn)[J];國(guó)際貿(mào)易;2007年01期

7 王海峰;;我國(guó)進(jìn)出口政策性金融制度的改革[J];法學(xué);2012年12期

8 歐福永;高萍;;WTO《補(bǔ)貼與反補(bǔ)貼措施協(xié)定》附件一(K)款一項(xiàng)的解釋與適用——以巴西飛機(jī)補(bǔ)貼案為依據(jù)[J];時(shí)代法學(xué);2010年04期

9 丁麗;;我國(guó)政策性出口信貸體系及其與出口貿(mào)易關(guān)系的實(shí)證分析[J];經(jīng)濟(jì)論壇;2008年23期

10 郭金剛;師國(guó)敏;;我國(guó)出口信貸的現(xiàn)狀分析及發(fā)展對(duì)策[J];經(jīng)濟(jì)師;2008年03期

本文編號(hào)：1865583