本文選題：國(guó)際法院 + 程序　； 參考：《外交學(xué)院》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：國(guó)際法院自成立以來(lái)為和平解決國(guó)際爭(zhēng)端做出了巨大貢獻(xiàn)。隨著國(guó)際關(guān)系的復(fù)雜化，國(guó)際爭(zhēng)端不斷增加，將爭(zhēng)端提交國(guó)際法院審理的當(dāng)事國(guó)也不斷增多，但國(guó)際法院現(xiàn)行的工作程序和方法已不能適應(yīng)新時(shí)期的需求，司法效率低下，造成每年都有大量的案件積壓待決，各國(guó)對(duì)國(guó)際法院的信心不足，迫切的需要改革。 與此同時(shí)，國(guó)際上一些國(guó)際性或區(qū)域性的法院和法庭相繼建立，例如國(guó)際海洋法法庭、國(guó)際刑事法院、歐洲人權(quán)法院等，對(duì)國(guó)際法院的權(quán)威也形成了一定的挑戰(zhàn)。在聯(lián)合國(guó)成立60周年之際，世界領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人呼吁要著力改革聯(lián)合國(guó)，國(guó)際法院作為聯(lián)合國(guó)六大機(jī)關(guān)之一不能不受其影響并隨之而動(dòng)。在這種背景下，改革的呼聲越來(lái)越強(qiáng)烈。 國(guó)際法院的改革是通過(guò)修正《國(guó)際法院規(guī)約》、《國(guó)際法院規(guī)則》還有頒布和修正《實(shí)踐指導(dǎo)》來(lái)完成的。由于《規(guī)約》是《聯(lián)合國(guó)憲章》的組成部分，其修正需要遵循《憲章》嚴(yán)苛的修正程序，難度極大，，因此，國(guó)際法院的改革只能向著不修正《規(guī)約》的方向進(jìn)行。國(guó)際法院的改革實(shí)踐包括對(duì)《規(guī)則》進(jìn)行了4次修正，頒布了13條《實(shí)踐指導(dǎo)》以及對(duì)《實(shí)踐指導(dǎo)》第3條、第6條的修正。國(guó)際法院的改革，有利于提高國(guó)際法院的地位、加強(qiáng)國(guó)際法院的作用。 由于歷史原因，我國(guó)對(duì)國(guó)際法院一直持謹(jǐn)慎態(tài)度，至今尚未利用過(guò)國(guó)際法院解決與他國(guó)之間的爭(zhēng)端。但國(guó)際法院在發(fā)展過(guò)程中不斷的完善自身的工作程序和方法，越來(lái)越多的發(fā)展中國(guó)家利用國(guó)際法院解決爭(zhēng)端。因此，我國(guó)應(yīng)該轉(zhuǎn)變觀念，采取積極的態(tài)度，參與到國(guó)際法院的改革活動(dòng)中來(lái)。文章將通過(guò)對(duì)國(guó)際法院相關(guān)案例的研究，探討國(guó)際法院在其工作程序和工作方法上存在的問(wèn)題和已經(jīng)實(shí)施的改革措施，并在此基礎(chǔ)上探究進(jìn)一步改革的可能性和具體措施。
[Abstract]:Since its establishment , the International Court of Justice has made a great contribution to the peaceful settlement of international disputes . With the complexity of international relations , the increasing international disputes and the increasing number of States parties that have submitted disputes to the International Court of Justice , the current working procedures and methods of the International Court of Justice have been unable to meet the needs of the new period , and the judicial efficiency is low , resulting in a large backlog of cases each year , and the lack of confidence in the International Court of Justice and the urgent need for reform .

At the same time , a number of international or regional courts and tribunals have been established successively , such as the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea , the International Criminal Court , the European Court of Human Rights and the like , and have created a certain challenge to the authority of the International Court of Justice . On the occasion of the sixtieth anniversary of the founding of the United Nations , world leaders called for an effort to reform the United Nations and that the International Court of Justice , as one of the six organs of the United Nations , cannot be affected and moved . In this context , the voice of reform is growing stronger .

The reform of the International Court of Justice has been carried out by amending the Statute of the International Court of Justice , the Rules of the International Court of Justice and the promulgation and amendment of the Charter of the United Nations .

In the light of the historical reasons , my country has been cautious about the International Court of Justice and has not yet used the International Court of Justice to resolve disputes with other States . However , in the course of development , the International Court of Justice has continuously improved its working procedures and methods , and more and more developing countries have used the International Court of Justice to resolve the dispute . Therefore , our country should change the concept and take a positive attitude to participate in the reform activities of the International Court of Justice . This article will explore the problems and the reform measures already implemented by the International Court of Justice in its working procedures and methods of work and explore the possibility and concrete measures for further reform .

【學(xué)位授予單位】：外交學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：D99

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