本文選題：中國 + 俄羅斯　； 參考：《北京郵電大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著人類經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展和能源的消耗,能源議題越來越突出,能源已經(jīng)越來越成為世界各國發(fā)展經(jīng)濟的重要瓶頸。目前,全球各個國家普遍對于能源安全保持高度重視,能源安全已經(jīng)上升為一個世界性問題。中國近年來經(jīng)濟高速發(fā)展,發(fā)展的過程中能源消耗率很大,每年需要消耗大量的能源。再加上中國本身的能源儲備嚴(yán)重不足,每年需要進(jìn)口大量的能源。在可以預(yù)見的將來,中國經(jīng)濟將繼續(xù)維持高速發(fā)展,對于能源的需求量將不會迅速下降,甚至呈現(xiàn)增長的態(tài)勢。占全世界能源消耗重要組成部分的中國非常關(guān)注世界能源安全議題,積極參與和關(guān)注世界能源合作,有關(guān)能源的國際性合作已經(jīng)成為中國能源戰(zhàn)略,提升到國家的高度。俄羅斯資源儲量非常豐富,石油儲量世界第二,天然氣儲量世界第一,并且一直以來俄羅斯發(fā)展的是依靠資源尤其是能源的出口來拉動國內(nèi)的經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展。中國和俄羅斯在能源合作上具有非常強的貿(mào)易互補性,中國和俄羅斯近年來在石油、天然氣、煤炭、電力以及核能等諸多能源領(lǐng)域均有合作,取得了共贏的效果。隨著中國未來經(jīng)濟的快速發(fā)展,對于能源物質(zhì)的需求將越來越大,中俄能源合作的前景也將越來越大。近年來,俄羅斯與西方國家關(guān)系不佳,尤其是對敘利亞問題,烏克蘭問題等的爭執(zhí),使得西方國家對俄羅斯采取了各種經(jīng)濟制裁措施,而能源封鎖便是對俄羅斯打擊最嚴(yán)重的制裁措施之一。在這樣的國際大環(huán)境下,中國是俄羅斯緩解其能源出口危機的重要市場。俄羅斯和中國之間有著得天獨厚的地域優(yōu)勢,進(jìn)行能源以及其他商品的貿(mào)易方便。中俄政府之間近年來簽署了有關(guān)石油和天然氣的貿(mào)易大單,尤其2014年中國國家主席習(xí)近平與俄羅斯總統(tǒng)普京共同見證了中俄4000億美元的大單,將中俄能源合作推向了另一個高度。為了確保中俄兩國之間的能源貿(mào)易能夠順利進(jìn)行,必須以一定的形式加以保障。中俄能源貿(mào)易法律體系包括中俄兩國國內(nèi)有關(guān)能源貿(mào)易的法律法規(guī),中俄政府之間所簽訂的一些協(xié)議,合作企業(yè)之間的協(xié)議,多邊的貿(mào)易協(xié)定以及貿(mào)易規(guī)則等。盡管如此,中俄雙邊能源貿(mào)易的完整的法律機制還沒有建立起來,爭端解決機制欠缺,需要引起足夠的重視。研究中俄能源貿(mào)易相關(guān)的法律法規(guī)問題既有重要的理論意義,也有重要的現(xiàn)實意義。目前系統(tǒng)研究中俄能源貿(mào)易的文章還很少,本課題的研究對于其他學(xué)者的研究具有一定的理論參考價值。并且,隨著中俄雙邊能源貿(mào)易不斷地擴大,有關(guān)能源貿(mào)易法律的研究對于兩國完善相關(guān)法律法規(guī)具有重要的借鑒意義。為此,本文重點研究中俄能源貿(mào)易相關(guān)的法律法規(guī)問題。其主要內(nèi)容分為4大部分:首先回顧了中俄兩國之間能源貿(mào)易發(fā)展歷程及其現(xiàn)狀。接著,分析對俄羅斯能源貿(mào)易法律環(huán)境變化產(chǎn)生影響的因素。進(jìn)而,重點從中俄能源貿(mào)易的法律框架,中俄能源貿(mào)易法律問題及其解決策略等分析本文的核心問題。最后,提出了優(yōu)化中俄能源貿(mào)易發(fā)展的法律路徑。
[Abstract]:With the development of the human economy and the consumption of energy, energy issues are becoming more and more prominent, and energy has become an important bottleneck for the development of the economy all over the world. At present, every country in the world attaches great importance to energy security, and energy security has risen to a world boundary problem. China has developed rapidly and developed rapidly in recent years. During the foreseeable future, China's economy will continue to maintain a high speed of development, and the demand for energy will not decline rapidly, or even increase, in the foreseeable future. China pays great attention to the world energy security issues, actively participates in and pays attention to the world energy cooperation. The international cooperation on energy has become China's energy strategy and has been promoted to the national level. The reserves of Russian resources are very rich, the oil reserves are second, and the world's natural gas reserves are the first in the world, and Russia has been developing domestic economic development by relying on resources, especially energy exports. China and Russia have very strong trade complementarities in energy cooperation. China and Russia have cooperated in many fields of energy, such as oil, gas, coal, electricity and nuclear energy in recent years, and have won a win-win situation. With the rapid development of China's future economy, the demand for energy materials will become more and more large, and the prospect of China Russia energy cooperation will be more and more big. In recent years, the relationship between Russia and the western countries is not good, especially the dispute over the Syria and Ukraine issues, which has made the western countries take various measures of economic sanctions against Russia. And the energy blockade is one of the most severe sanctions against Russia. Under such an international environment, China is an important market for Russia to alleviate its energy export crisis. Russia and China have a unique regional advantage to trade in energy and other commodities. In 2014, China's president Xi Jinping and Russian President Putin, who signed a large trade list of oil and gas, witnessed China and Russia's 400 billion dollar bill together to push China Russia energy cooperation to another height. In order to ensure that the energy trade between China and Russia can be carried out smoothly, it must be in a certain form. The legal system of China Russia energy trade includes laws and regulations on energy trade between China and Russia, some agreements between China and Russia, agreements between cooperative enterprises, multilateral trade agreements and trade rules. Nevertheless, the complete legal mechanism of Sino Russian bilateral energy trade has not yet been established. There are both important theoretical and practical significance to study the laws and regulations related to energy trade between China and Russia. At present, there are few articles on energy trade between China and Russia. The research of this subject has a certain theoretical reference value for other scholars. With the continuous expansion of bilateral energy trade between China and Russia, the research on energy trade law is of great significance for the two countries to improve relevant laws and regulations. Therefore, this paper focuses on the relevant laws and regulations on energy trade between China and Russia. The main contents are divided into 4 parts: first, the development calendar of energy trade between China and Russia is reviewed. Then, it analyzes the factors that affect the legal environment of Russia's energy trade, and then analyzes the core issues of this paper from the legal framework of China Russia energy trade, the legal issues of China Russia energy trade and its solutions. Finally, the legal path to optimize the development of China and Russia's energy trade is put forward.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京郵電大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D996.1

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