本文選題：應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化　切入點(diǎn)：權(quán)利義務(wù)　出處：《中國(guó)政法大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：氣候變化問(wèn)題已成為人類(lèi)社會(huì)所面臨的最大挑戰(zhàn)之一,需要國(guó)際社會(huì)開(kāi)展廣泛而深入的合作以積極應(yīng)對(duì)。這種國(guó)際合作的參與者眾多、利益關(guān)系紛繁復(fù)雜,因而需要國(guó)際法來(lái)提供規(guī)則性保障。而國(guó)際權(quán)利義務(wù)配置的公平性對(duì)國(guó)際法的效力有較大影響。因此本文以權(quán)利義務(wù)配置的公平性為線(xiàn)索,考察了《氣候變化框架公約》規(guī)則體系的權(quán)利義務(wù)配置狀況,分析了權(quán)利義務(wù)配置的變化趨勢(shì),探討了國(guó)際權(quán)利義務(wù)配置的應(yīng)然狀態(tài)。最后提出了公平配置國(guó)際權(quán)利義務(wù)的可行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。 首先,本文探討了氣候變化的性質(zhì)、特征以及國(guó)際法應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化的必然性。而后對(duì)國(guó)際法應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化的方式進(jìn)行了分析,認(rèn)為公平的配置國(guó)際權(quán)利義務(wù)是保證應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化的目標(biāo)得以實(shí)現(xiàn)的關(guān)鍵。 其次,本文分析了《氣候變化框架公約》、《京都議定書(shū)》、《巴厘島行動(dòng)計(jì)劃》、《哥本哈根協(xié)議》、《坎昆決議》中國(guó)際權(quán)利義務(wù)配置的實(shí)然狀態(tài)。發(fā)現(xiàn)自《巴厘島行動(dòng)計(jì)劃》起,發(fā)展中國(guó)家減緩氣候變化的義務(wù)越來(lái)越大,而這種變化趨勢(shì)缺乏公平性。 再次,本文在充分考慮相關(guān)因素的前提下對(duì)國(guó)際權(quán)利義務(wù)配置的應(yīng)然狀態(tài)進(jìn)行了探討。認(rèn)為在適應(yīng)氣候變化方面,發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家應(yīng)支付發(fā)展中國(guó)家適應(yīng)氣候變化所需的全部費(fèi)用。在減緩氣候變化方面,發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家應(yīng)大幅削減自己的溫室氣體排放,為發(fā)展中國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和社會(huì)進(jìn)步留出必要的生態(tài)空間;而發(fā)展中國(guó)家不應(yīng)承擔(dān)強(qiáng)制性的量化減緩義務(wù)。同時(shí)注意到,當(dāng)發(fā)展中國(guó)家的溫室氣體排放量與發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家趨同時(shí),國(guó)際權(quán)利義務(wù)配置的公平性會(huì)隨之變得不確定。 最后,為使國(guó)際權(quán)利義務(wù)配置的公平性穩(wěn)定而明確,本文認(rèn)為應(yīng)以人均排放權(quán)作為國(guó)際權(quán)利義務(wù)配置的標(biāo)準(zhǔn),并將發(fā)展中國(guó)家和發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的人均累積排放趨同作為權(quán)利義務(wù)配置的遠(yuǎn)景目標(biāo)。
[Abstract]:Climate change has become one of the biggest challenges facing human society.This kind of international cooperation has a large number of participants and complex interests, so it needs international law to provide regular guarantee.The fairness of the allocation of international rights and obligations has a greater impact on the effectiveness of international law.Therefore, based on the fairness of the allocation of rights and obligations, this paper investigates the allocation of rights and obligations in the rules system of the Framework Convention on Climate change, and analyzes the changing trend of the allocation of rights and obligations.This paper probes into the proper state of the allocation of international rights and obligations.Finally, the author puts forward the feasible standards for the fair distribution of international rights and obligations.Firstly, this paper discusses the nature and characteristics of climate change and the inevitability of international law to deal with climate change.Then, the author analyzes the ways in which international law deals with climate change, and points out that a fair allocation of international rights and obligations is the key to the realization of the goal of combating climate change.Secondly, this paper analyzes the actual status of the allocation of international rights and obligations in the Framework Convention on Climate change, the Kyoto Protocol, the Bali Action Plan, the Copenhagen Accord and the Cancun Resolution.It is found that since the Bali Action Plan, developing countries have an increasing obligation to mitigate climate change, a trend that lacks fairness.Thirdly, this paper discusses the proper state of international rights and obligations allocation on the premise of considering the relevant factors.It is considered that in adapting to climate change, developed countries should pay the full cost of adaptation to climate change in developing countries.With regard to climate change mitigation, developed countries should significantly reduce their greenhouse gas emissions, leaving the necessary ecological space for the economic development and social progress of developing countries; developing countries should not assume mandatory quantitative mitigation obligations.It is also noted that the fairness of the allocation of international rights and obligations becomes uncertain when the greenhouse gas emissions of developing countries and developed countries tend to be at the same time.Finally, in order to make the fairness of the allocation of international rights and obligations stable and clear, this paper holds that the per capita emission rights should be regarded as the standard of allocation of international rights and obligations.Moreover, the convergence of per capita cumulative emissions between developing and developed countries is the long-term goal of allocation of rights and obligations.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D996.9

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 李仁安;黃軼芳;;“公共地悲劇”的博弈分析[J];商業(yè)研究;2006年07期

2 陶迎;對(duì)美國(guó)拒絕批準(zhǔn)《京都議定書(shū)》的法理分析——國(guó)際環(huán)境法的視角[J];重慶環(huán)境科學(xué);2001年05期

3 陳泮勤;程邦波;王芳;曲建升;;全球氣候變化的幾個(gè)關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題辨析[J];地球科學(xué)進(jìn)展;2010年01期

4 谷德近;;巴厘島路線(xiàn)圖:共同但有區(qū)別責(zé)任的演進(jìn)[J];法學(xué);2008年02期

5 王慧;;氣候變化與人權(quán)保護(hù)[J];資源與人居環(huán)境;2010年17期

6 王奉安;;解讀“巴厘島路線(xiàn)圖”[J];環(huán)境保護(hù)與循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì);2008年02期

7 何建坤;滕飛;劉濱;;在公平原則下積極推進(jìn)全球應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化進(jìn)程[J];清華大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2009年06期

8 王小鋼;;“共同但有區(qū)別的責(zé)任”原則的適用及其限制——《哥本哈根協(xié)議》和中國(guó)氣候變化法律與政策[J];社會(huì)科學(xué);2010年07期

9 邱本;;論有限集體人權(quán)[J];社會(huì)科學(xué)戰(zhàn)線(xiàn);2008年03期

10 羅艷華;;氣候變化對(duì)發(fā)展中國(guó)家人權(quán)的影響[J];世界環(huán)境;2008年05期

，

本文編號(hào)：1708341