本文選題：中國(guó)　切入點(diǎn)：野生動(dòng)物　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：中國(guó)是野生動(dòng)物國(guó)際貿(mào)易大國(guó),歷史悠久。作為《瀕危野生動(dòng)植物種國(guó)際貿(mào)易公約》的重要締約國(guó),在國(guó)內(nèi)建立一套科學(xué)高效的野生動(dòng)物進(jìn)出口管理體系尤為重要,且進(jìn)出口管理是野生動(dòng)物管理的重要組成部分,在保護(hù)、可持續(xù)利用野生動(dòng)物資源以及促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展發(fā)揮著積極作用。本論文選擇中國(guó)野生動(dòng)物進(jìn)出口管理制度作為研究?jī)?nèi)容,重點(diǎn)對(duì)與此相關(guān)的法律法規(guī)、組織機(jī)構(gòu)、運(yùn)行機(jī)制、行政管理措施等方面進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)的分析和評(píng)估,為有效管理野生動(dòng)物國(guó)際貿(mào)易,促進(jìn)野生動(dòng)物資源保護(hù)和可持續(xù)利用,探索中國(guó)野生動(dòng)物進(jìn)出口管理制度的發(fā)展思路和理念,為進(jìn)一步深入野生動(dòng)物進(jìn)出口管理制度的改革建言獻(xiàn)策。本論文第一章介紹了中國(guó)野生動(dòng)物進(jìn)出口管理的法律、法規(guī)以及《瀕危野生動(dòng)植物種國(guó)際貿(mào)易公約》,重點(diǎn)評(píng)析了《瀕危野生動(dòng)植物進(jìn)出口管理?xiàng)l例》,梳理歸納了《公約》的貿(mào)易管理方式,總結(jié)了《公約》對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)野生動(dòng)物進(jìn)出口管理的啟示。第二章介紹了中國(guó)野生動(dòng)物進(jìn)出口管理相關(guān)機(jī)構(gòu)及其職能,并從野生動(dòng)物進(jìn)出口審批程序、標(biāo)記和限額管理措施以及相關(guān)單位的注冊(cè)和企業(yè)的分級(jí)管理等方面闡釋了中國(guó)野生動(dòng)物進(jìn)出口管理運(yùn)行機(jī)制。第三章分析了中國(guó)野生動(dòng)物進(jìn)出口管理工作的成就、問題及原因,認(rèn)為中國(guó)野生動(dòng)物進(jìn)出口管理工作的問題和不足之處主要體現(xiàn)在:缺乏分類管理機(jī)制及進(jìn)出口管理配套措施;進(jìn)出口管理中行政審批程序繁瑣,存在“重審批,輕監(jiān)管”問題;部分物種的進(jìn)出口監(jiān)管缺少法律依據(jù),進(jìn)出口管理的科學(xué)決策亟待加強(qiáng);口岸監(jiān)管措施亟待完善。第四章針對(duì)中國(guó)野生動(dòng)物進(jìn)出口管理工作存在的問題提出改革建議,認(rèn)為中國(guó)野生動(dòng)物進(jìn)出口管理制度改革應(yīng)堅(jiān)持的主要原則,一是在處理野生動(dòng)物資源保護(hù)與利用關(guān)系時(shí)要堅(jiān)持有利于野生動(dòng)物資源全面保護(hù)的原則;二是在處理野生動(dòng)物資源進(jìn)口與出口關(guān)系時(shí)要堅(jiān)持“寬進(jìn)嚴(yán)出”的原則;三是正確看待中國(guó)野生動(dòng)物進(jìn)出口管理的審批和監(jiān)督檢查兩個(gè)環(huán)節(jié),堅(jiān)持審批的服務(wù)屬性和監(jiān)督檢查的管理屬性。具體建議是:完善野生動(dòng)物進(jìn)出口管理法規(guī)建設(shè);加強(qiáng)機(jī)構(gòu)職能建設(shè),提高規(guī)范化、科學(xué)化管理水平;充分發(fā)揮部門間履約協(xié)調(diào)機(jī)制作用,建立健全配套管理措施。
[Abstract]:China is a country with a long history of international trade in wildlife. As an important signatory to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered species of Wild Fauna and Flora, it is particularly important to establish a scientific and efficient management system for the import and export of wildlife in China. And import and export management is an important part of wildlife management, in the protection, The sustainable utilization of wildlife resources and the promotion of economic and social development play a positive role. In order to effectively manage the international trade of wildlife, promote the protection and sustainable utilization of wildlife resources, and explore the development ideas and concepts of China's wildlife import and export management system, In order to further deepen the reform of wildlife import and export management system, the first chapter of this paper introduces the law of Chinese wildlife import and export management. The regulations and the Convention on International Trade in Endangered species of Wild Fauna and Flora, which focus on evaluating the regulations governing the Import and Export of Endangered Wild Fauna and Flora, and summarizing the trade management methods of the Convention, This paper summarizes the enlightenment of the Convention to the management of domestic wildlife import and export. Chapter two introduces the related agencies and functions of China's wildlife import and export management, and reviews the procedure of examination and approval of wildlife import and export. In the aspects of marking and quota management measures, registration of relevant units and hierarchical management of enterprises, the operational mechanism of China's wildlife import and export management is explained. Chapter three analyzes the achievements, problems and reasons of China's wildlife import and export management. It is believed that the problems and deficiencies in the management of the import and export of wild animals in China are mainly reflected in the following aspects: lack of classified management mechanism and supporting measures for import and export management, cumbersome procedure of administrative examination and approval in import and export management, and the problem of "attaching importance to examination and approval rather than supervision"; The import and export supervision of some species lacks legal basis, the scientific decision of import and export management needs to be strengthened, and the measures of port supervision need to be improved. Chapter 4th puts forward some reform suggestions for the problems existing in the management of the import and export of wild animals in China. It is believed that the reform of the management system of wildlife import and export in China should adhere to the main principles, one is to adhere to the principle conducive to the comprehensive protection of wildlife resources when dealing with the relationship between the protection and utilization of wildlife resources; Second, when dealing with the relationship between the import and export of wildlife resources, we should adhere to the principle of "wide entry and strict export." third, we should correctly look at the examination and approval, supervision and inspection of China's wildlife import and export administration. The specific suggestions are as follows: perfecting the construction of laws and regulations on wildlife import and export, strengthening the construction of institutional functions, improving the level of standardized and scientific management; Give full play to the role of inter-departmental implementation coordination mechanism, and establish and improve supporting management measures.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D996.9

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