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  本文選題：憲法　切入點：國際人權(quán)公約　出處：《河北大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：人權(quán)是每一個人所應(yīng)該享有的權(quán)利。人權(quán)的發(fā)展是人類文明進(jìn)步的一個重要標(biāo)志,也是憲政國家的重要標(biāo)志。在我國憲法是關(guān)于人權(quán)的根本法,以人權(quán)為切入點來研究憲法,更能抓住憲法的本質(zhì)。我國政府于1997年和1998年先后簽署了《經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會、文化權(quán)利國際公約》、《公民權(quán)利和政治權(quán)利國際公約》,全國人大常委會已經(jīng)于2001年批準(zhǔn)加入了前者。通過對我國憲法與國際人權(quán)兩公約的相關(guān)規(guī)定進(jìn)行比較研究,對于完善我國的憲政制度,更好地履行國際人權(quán)兩公約有著重要意義。本文首先介紹了人權(quán)的基本理論問題,進(jìn)而通過比較發(fā)現(xiàn)我國憲法與國際人權(quán)兩公約在人權(quán)理念、權(quán)利主體、權(quán)利內(nèi)容等方面的不同規(guī)定,但在人權(quán)內(nèi)容以及人權(quán)的保障體系方面不存在根本的矛盾與沖突。近幾十年來,我國的社會主義法律體系不斷的完善,我國的人權(quán)事業(yè)得到長足發(fā)展。但是我們也應(yīng)該看到,人權(quán)總是隨著時代在發(fā)展的,我國受歷史傳統(tǒng)、經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平等因素的制約,人權(quán)狀況還存在不足之處。本文認(rèn)為應(yīng)從以下幾方面進(jìn)行完善:首先推進(jìn)我國適用國際人權(quán)兩公約的進(jìn)程;其次,逐步充實和完善憲法和法律關(guān)于公民基本人權(quán)的規(guī)定,在憲法的權(quán)利內(nèi)容上增加遷徙自由、罷工自由和沉默權(quán)等權(quán)利的規(guī)定;再次,應(yīng)提高人們的權(quán)利意識,加強(qiáng)對公權(quán)力的限制;最后,要加快憲法司法適用的步伐和配套制度改革。隨著我國和公民權(quán)利意識的不斷提高和憲法的不斷完善,我國將逐步成為民主法治的憲政國家。
[Abstract]:Human rights are the rights that every human being should enjoy. The development of human rights is an important symbol of the progress of human civilization and also an important symbol of a constitutional state. In our country, the Constitution is the fundamental law on human rights, and we study the Constitution from the point of view of human rights. To grasp the essence of the Constitution. On 1997 and 1998, the Chinese government signed the Economic, Social, The International Covenant on Cultural Rights, the International Covenant on Civil and political Rights, the standing Committee of the National people's Congress (NPC) has ratified the former on 2001. Through a comparative study of the relevant provisions of our Constitution and the International covenants on Human Rights, It is of great significance to perfect the constitutional system of our country and better fulfill the international covenants on human rights. Firstly, this paper introduces the basic theoretical problems of human rights, and then finds out that the two covenants on human rights are in the concept of human rights by comparing our constitution and international covenants on human rights. There are no fundamental contradictions and conflicts in the content of human rights and the protection system of human rights. In recent decades, the socialist legal system of our country has been continuously improved. The cause of human rights in China has made considerable progress. But we should also see that human rights are always developing with the times, and our country is constrained by historical traditions and the level of economic development. There are still shortcomings in the human rights situation. This paper holds that the following aspects should be improved: first, to promote the process of applying the International covenants on Human Rights in our country; secondly, to gradually enrich and improve the provisions of the Constitution and the law on the basic human rights of citizens. The right to freedom of movement, the freedom of strike and the right to silence should be added to the content of the Constitution; thirdly, people's awareness of the rights should be raised and restrictions on public rights should be strengthened. Finally, It is necessary to speed up the pace of the judicial application of the constitution and the reform of the supporting system. With the constant improvement of the awareness of civil rights and the continuous improvement of the constitution, our country will gradually become a constitutional state of democracy and rule of law.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D921;D998.2

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本文編號：1596848