本文關(guān)鍵詞： 《聯(lián)合國(guó)海洋法公約》 領(lǐng)海 無(wú)害通過(guò)制度 外國(guó)船舶 特殊船舶　出處：《海南大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：全文包括引言、四個(gè)主文部分和結(jié)語(yǔ),共2.2萬(wàn)余字符。引言。無(wú)害通過(guò)制度是我國(guó)一項(xiàng)重要的制度,對(duì)維護(hù)海防安全和發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)具有十分重要的意義。我國(guó)無(wú)害通過(guò)制度體制不完善,國(guó)內(nèi)相關(guān)研究尚屬起始,而我國(guó)面臨的海權(quán)斗爭(zhēng)尤為激烈,研究更加適合海上活動(dòng)的制度成為當(dāng)務(wù)之急。一、主要分析了海洋自由原則、領(lǐng)海制度的確立以及領(lǐng)海無(wú)害通過(guò)權(quán)的產(chǎn)生。海洋自由是指任何船舶都有權(quán)在海上自由航行,領(lǐng)海制度體現(xiàn)沿海國(guó)自身的利益和要求,無(wú)害通過(guò)權(quán)的產(chǎn)生則是發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家海上航行自由與沿海國(guó)領(lǐng)海主權(quán)妥協(xié)的結(jié)果。二、在無(wú)害通過(guò)制度下,沿海國(guó)所享有的權(quán)利和應(yīng)當(dāng)履行的義務(wù)。為了保障本國(guó)海上安全和利益,沿海國(guó)可以行使一定的立法權(quán)、行政權(quán)和司法權(quán),但是,權(quán)力的行使受到某些義務(wù)的制約,如禁止妨礙義務(wù)、禁止歧視義務(wù)、信息公開(kāi)義務(wù)。三、分析了船旗國(guó)及其船舶在他國(guó)領(lǐng)海享有的無(wú)害通過(guò)權(quán)以及相關(guān)義務(wù),船舶在他國(guó)領(lǐng)海無(wú)害通過(guò)時(shí),船旗國(guó)有有效管轄義務(wù)和污染防治義務(wù),船舶有保障海上安全義務(wù)和海上救助義務(wù)。四、就軍艦是否享有無(wú)害通過(guò)的權(quán)利展開(kāi)討論,分析了《聯(lián)合國(guó)海洋法公約》等有關(guān)條約,以及中、美、俄等國(guó)家的相關(guān)規(guī)定。同時(shí),對(duì)潛水艇和其他潛水器、核動(dòng)力船舶、載有高度危險(xiǎn)物質(zhì)船舶、漁船以及政府船舶在領(lǐng)海的無(wú)害海通時(shí),需要遵守的特殊規(guī)定進(jìn)行分析。五、分析了中國(guó)領(lǐng)海制度的確立;通過(guò)解讀現(xiàn)政府頒布的幾部法律,闡明了其關(guān)于軍艦無(wú)害通過(guò)事先批準(zhǔn)制,其他特殊船舶需滿足一定的條件才可通過(guò)他國(guó)領(lǐng)海,以及就如何完善外國(guó)船舶在領(lǐng)海的無(wú)害通過(guò)制度提出幾點(diǎn)建議。結(jié)語(yǔ)。無(wú)害通過(guò)制度,是平衡沿海國(guó)領(lǐng)海主權(quán)和公海航行自由的產(chǎn)物,是保障航行自由和領(lǐng)海安全的手段。對(duì)于軍艦,有的國(guó)家認(rèn)為其享有無(wú)害通過(guò)權(quán),有的則認(rèn)為其需要事先通知沿海國(guó)或事先經(jīng)沿海國(guó)批準(zhǔn)。對(duì)于其他特殊船舶,在遵守相關(guān)規(guī)定的前提下,享有無(wú)害通過(guò)權(quán)。
[Abstract]:The full text includes an introduction, four main parts and a conclusion, with a total of more than 22,000 characters. Introduction. Innocent passage system is an important system in our country. It is of great significance to maintain the security of coastal defense and develop the economy. China's harmless passage system is not perfect, and the relevant domestic studies are still at the beginning, and the sea power struggle in China is particularly fierce. It is imperative to study a regime that is more suitable for maritime activities. First, it mainly analyzes the principle of freedom of the sea, the establishment of the regime of the territorial sea and the creation of the right of innocent passage of the territorial sea. The freedom of the sea means that any ship has the right to freedom of navigation at sea, The regime of territorial sea reflects the interests and demands of the coastal State itself, and the right of innocent passage is the result of compromise between the freedom of maritime navigation of developed countries and the sovereignty of the territorial sea of the coastal State. The rights and obligations of coastal States... in order to safeguard their maritime security and interests, coastal States may exercise certain legislative, executive and judicial powers, but the exercise of such powers is restricted by certain obligations, Such as the obligation to prohibit obstruction, the obligation to prohibit discrimination and the obligation to make information public. Third, the right of innocent passage enjoyed by the flag State and its vessels in the territorial waters of other countries and the relevant obligations are analyzed. Flag States have effective jurisdiction obligations and pollution prevention obligations, ships have the obligation to safeguard maritime safety and salvage at sea. 4. Discuss whether warships enjoy the right of innocent passage, and analyze relevant treaties such as the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, And the relevant provisions of China, the United States, Russia, and other countries. At the same time, when submarines and other submersibles, nuclear-powered vessels, vessels carrying highly dangerous substances, fishing vessels and government vessels are in the territorial waters of the harmless Haitong, Fifth, it analyzes the establishment of China's territorial sea regime; through the interpretation of several laws promulgated by the current government, it clarifies its system of prior approval of warships' innocent passage. Other special vessels must meet certain conditions before they can pass through the territorial waters of other countries, and make some suggestions on how to improve the system of innocent passage of foreign ships in the territorial sea. It is the product of balancing the territorial sea sovereignty of coastal States and the freedom of navigation on the high seas, and is a means of guaranteeing freedom of navigation and the safety of territorial waters... for warships, some States believe that they enjoy the right of innocent passage, Other special vessels have the right of innocent passage subject to the relevant provisions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：海南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D993.5

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