【摘要】：表決權(quán)是股東基于股東地位而享有的就公司決議事項(xiàng)作出一定意思表示的權(quán)利。它是股東最為重要的權(quán)利之一,是股東爭(zhēng)奪公司控制權(quán)的工具�，F(xiàn)代股份公司在一定程度上普遍存在著控制權(quán)被歪曲甚至是濫用的現(xiàn)象,加強(qiáng)對(duì)股東行使表決權(quán)的制度性保護(hù),有助于真正發(fā)揮表決權(quán)的功能。發(fā)源于美國(guó)的股東表決權(quán)信托是保障股東表決權(quán)的一種有效制度,是將信托原理應(yīng)用到表決權(quán)行使領(lǐng)域的法律制度和法律手段,也是公司法制孜孜以求公司治理結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化過程中一次富于實(shí)踐意義的創(chuàng)新。股東表決權(quán)信托在加強(qiáng)中小股東的權(quán)益保護(hù),優(yōu)化公司治理結(jié)構(gòu),保持公司管理的穩(wěn)定和持續(xù)等方面發(fā)揮著重要的作用。近年來(lái)我國(guó)實(shí)踐中已出現(xiàn)了股東表決權(quán)信托的案例。雖然我國(guó)沒有關(guān)于股東表決權(quán)信托的制定法,但是隨著信托制度的發(fā)展和應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域的不斷擴(kuò)張,可以預(yù)期股東表決權(quán)信托將在我國(guó)股份公司中發(fā)揮越來(lái)越重要的作用,關(guān)注該制度的人也將越來(lái)越多。一方面是立法的缺失,一方面是實(shí)踐發(fā)展的需要,因此立法有必要對(duì)實(shí)踐作出回應(yīng)。 本文采用了綜合分析法和比較分析法對(duì)股東表決權(quán)信托制度進(jìn)行了論述,首先闡述了股東表決權(quán)信托制度的產(chǎn)生及在其他國(guó)家的發(fā)展,并對(duì)股東表決權(quán)信托的內(nèi)涵和特征進(jìn)行了相關(guān)分析,同時(shí)比較研究了股東表決權(quán)信托與相似制度的區(qū)別。其次就股東表決權(quán)信托制度的基本構(gòu)造進(jìn)行論證。其中,包括股東表決權(quán)信托的成立與生效,股東表決權(quán)信托的主體、客體、內(nèi)容,股東表決權(quán)信托的權(quán)利與義務(wù)。重點(diǎn)針對(duì)股東表決權(quán)信托客體的爭(zhēng)議到底是“股權(quán)”還是“表決權(quán)”筆者提出了自己的看法,認(rèn)為股東表決權(quán)信托的客體是表決權(quán)。 通過較為系統(tǒng)全面的研究,結(jié)合我國(guó)具體國(guó)情,圍繞實(shí)際案例“青島啤酒股權(quán)變更案”從法律和實(shí)踐層面上闡述我國(guó)移植股東表決權(quán)信托制度的必要性和可行性。最后,筆者提出了我國(guó)引入股東表決權(quán)信托制度的建議。這些建議包括我國(guó)引入股東表決權(quán)信托制度如何進(jìn)行模式選擇以及創(chuàng)造性地提出了建立以公司法為基礎(chǔ),以信托法為輔助的表決權(quán)信托制度。
[Abstract]:Voting rights are the rights of shareholders based on the status of shareholders to make a certain expression of the meaning of the company's resolutions. It is one of the most important rights of shareholders and a tool for shareholders to fight for corporate control. To a certain extent, modern joint-stock companies generally have the phenomenon that the right of control is distorted or even abused. Strengthening the institutional protection of shareholders' exercise of the right to vote is helpful to give full play to the function of voting rights. The shareholder voting trust originated in the United States is an effective system to protect shareholders' voting rights. It is the legal system and means to apply the trust principle to the exercise of voting rights. It is also a practical innovation in the process of corporate governance structure optimization. Shareholder voting trust plays an important role in strengthening the protection of minority shareholders' rights and interests, optimizing the corporate governance structure, and maintaining the stability and continuity of corporate management. In recent years, the case of shareholder voting trust has appeared in the practice of our country. Although there is no law on the establishment of shareholder voting trust in China, with the development of trust system and the continuous expansion of application field, it can be expected that shareholder voting trust will play a more and more important role in the joint-stock company of our country. More and more people will pay attention to the system. On the one hand, the lack of legislation, on the other hand, it is necessary to respond to the practice. This paper discusses the system of shareholder voting trust by means of comprehensive analysis and comparative analysis. Firstly, it expounds the emergence of shareholder voting trust system and its development in other countries. The connotation and characteristics of shareholder voting trust are analyzed, and the difference between shareholder voting trust and similar system is compared. Secondly, it demonstrates the basic structure of shareholder voting trust system. It includes the establishment and effect of shareholder voting trust, the subject, object and content of shareholder voting trust, and the rights and obligations of shareholder voting trust. The author puts forward his own opinion on whether the object of shareholder voting trust is equity or voting right, and holds that the object of shareholder voting trust is voting right. Through a systematic and comprehensive study, combined with the specific conditions of our country, the necessity and feasibility of transplanting the voting trust system of shareholders in China are expounded from the legal and practical aspects around the actual case of "Tsing Tao Beer's equity change case". Finally, the author puts forward the suggestion of introducing the shareholder voting trust system in our country. These suggestions include how to choose the mode of introducing shareholder voting trust system and how to creatively propose the establishment of voting trust system based on company law and supplemented by trust law.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中央民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：D922.282

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