發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-01-24 18:20

【摘要】：法律援助制度是我國(guó)法律體系和司法實(shí)踐中的一項(xiàng)非常重要的制度。1994年，我國(guó)對(duì)這一制度開(kāi)始進(jìn)行了試點(diǎn)工作，并于2003年頒布了《中華人民共和國(guó)法律援助條例》，逐步在立法上體現(xiàn)它的重要性。然而，縱觀歷史和國(guó)外對(duì)這一制度的研究，我國(guó)法律援助相對(duì)起步晚，制度發(fā)展尚不完善。不論是學(xué)者們的理論研究，，還是整個(gè)法律共同體的司法實(shí)踐，都沒(méi)有對(duì)法律援助制度的正當(dāng)性加以重視。它的存在似乎成了一紙空文，弱勢(shì)群體的合法權(quán)益無(wú)法得到切實(shí)滿足。因此，本文正是認(rèn)識(shí)到了這一點(diǎn)，在對(duì)國(guó)外法律援助制度的演變和發(fā)展進(jìn)行研究的基礎(chǔ)上，提煉出法律援助這一制度的正當(dāng)性，結(jié)合我國(guó)的歷史發(fā)展與國(guó)情的切實(shí)需要，以?xún)r(jià)值分析為導(dǎo)向，從人權(quán)保障機(jī)制、權(quán)利平等原則、司法公正理念以及社會(huì)穩(wěn)定維度四個(gè)方面入手，研究我國(guó)法律援助制度存在的正當(dāng)性基礎(chǔ)，得出這一制度適用的必要性，并分析這一制度在我國(guó)的適用現(xiàn)狀，引出完善之可行性。在構(gòu)建社會(huì)主義法治理念的背景下，對(duì)這一制度的完善提出學(xué)理上的建議。 本文的寫(xiě)作共分為四個(gè)部分。以正當(dāng)性為主線，分別從不同的角度分析和闡述法律援助制度。全文約三萬(wàn)字左右。 引言部分：對(duì)法律援助制度的正當(dāng)性進(jìn)行整體的概括。闡述了這一制度的研究現(xiàn)狀，提出了正當(dāng)性的基本內(nèi)涵。并由此提出研究法律援助正當(dāng)性的重要意義。 第一部分：以法律援助發(fā)展的歷史進(jìn)程為主線，首先對(duì)法律援助進(jìn)行制度本身的內(nèi)涵分析，然后對(duì)這一制度的正當(dāng)性歷程進(jìn)行梳理。闡述其在萌芽階段、探索階段以及形成階段幾個(gè)不同時(shí)期的存在基礎(chǔ)和正當(dāng)性理論依托。 第二部分：在前文對(duì)這一制度的正當(dāng)性演變進(jìn)行宏觀闡述后，這一部分著重分析我國(guó)法律援助制度的正當(dāng)性基礎(chǔ)，即政府責(zé)任。通過(guò)對(duì)政府責(zé)任的概念發(fā)展進(jìn)行闡述后，在政府責(zé)任的指引下剖析我國(guó)法律援助制度的正當(dāng)性。 第三部分：對(duì)法律援助制度進(jìn)行價(jià)值上的考究。闡述法律援助制度的法律價(jià)值與社會(huì)價(jià)值，為這一制度的正當(dāng)性提供理論上的支撐，由此指導(dǎo)我國(guó)的司法實(shí)踐。 第四部分：在對(duì)法律援助制度的政府責(zé)任與價(jià)值進(jìn)行分析后，這一部分運(yùn)用正當(dāng)性的理論來(lái)指引我國(guó)法律援助制度的完善。首先分析了我國(guó)現(xiàn)階段法律援助制度的弊病和原因。然后針對(duì)這些不足，從我國(guó)的實(shí)際國(guó)情出發(fā)，對(duì)中國(guó)的法律援助工作進(jìn)行制度性構(gòu)建，并從立法上進(jìn)行完善，從而更加符合我國(guó)社會(huì)主義法律制度的發(fā)展。 結(jié)語(yǔ)：對(duì)法律援助制度的正當(dāng)性進(jìn)行總結(jié)性陳詞。并結(jié)合當(dāng)今司法實(shí)踐，對(duì)法律援助制度的正當(dāng)性進(jìn)行審視，突出研究的重要性。
[Abstract]:The legal aid system is a very important system in the legal system and judicial practice of our country. In 1994, our country began to carry out pilot work on this system and promulgated the regulations of the people's Republic of China on legal Aid in 2003. Step by step, its importance is embodied in legislation. However, throughout history and foreign research on this system, China's legal aid started relatively late, the system development is not perfect. Neither the theoretical research of scholars nor the judicial practice of the whole legal community has paid much attention to the legitimacy of the legal aid system. Its existence seems to be a dead letter, the legal rights and interests of vulnerable groups can not be effectively satisfied. Therefore, this paper is aware of this point, on the basis of the study of the evolution and development of the foreign legal aid system, the legitimacy of the legal aid system is refined, combined with the historical development of our country and the practical needs of the national conditions. Based on the value analysis, starting with the human rights guarantee mechanism, the principle of equality of rights, the concept of judicial justice and the dimension of social stability, this paper studies the legitimacy of the legal aid system in our country, and concludes the necessity of the application of this system. And analyze the application of this system in China, leading to the feasibility of perfection. Under the background of constructing the idea of socialist rule of law, this paper puts forward some theoretical suggestions on the perfection of this system. This thesis is divided into four parts. Taking legitimacy as the main line, this paper analyzes and expounds the legal aid system from different angles. The full text is about 30,000 words. Introduction: the legitimacy of the legal aid system is summarized as a whole. This paper expounds the present research situation of this system and puts forward the basic connotation of legitimacy. Therefore, the significance of studying the legitimacy of legal aid is put forward. The first part: taking the historical process of the development of legal aid as the main line, firstly analyzes the connotation of the legal aid system itself, and then combs the legitimate course of the legal aid system. This paper expounds the foundation of existence and the theory of legitimacy in the embryonic stage, the exploration stage and the forming stage. The second part: after the macroscopical elaboration on the evolution of the legitimacy of this system, this part focuses on the analysis of the legitimacy of the legal aid system in China, that is, the responsibility of the government. After expounding the concept of government responsibility, the legitimacy of our legal aid system is analyzed under the guidance of government responsibility. The third part: the value of the legal aid system. This paper expounds the legal value and social value of the legal aid system, and provides theoretical support for the legitimacy of the legal aid system, thus guiding the judicial practice in our country. The fourth part: after analyzing the government responsibility and value of legal aid system, this part uses the theory of legitimacy to guide the perfection of our legal aid system. First of all, it analyzes the defects and causes of the current legal aid system in China. Then, in view of these deficiencies, proceeding from the actual situation of our country, we construct the legal aid system of China, and perfect it from the legislation, so as to accord with the development of the socialist legal system of our country more. Conclusion: summing up the legitimacy of the legal aid system. Combining with the current judicial practice, the legitimacy of the legal aid system is examined and the importance of the research is highlighted.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D926

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