【摘要】：清末中西交往日多，，很多國人開始走出國門，到歐美、日本學(xué)習(xí)、游歷。這些出洋人員無一例外感受到西方政治、文化的沖擊。監(jiān)獄作為一個國家政治、經(jīng)濟、文化發(fā)展?fàn)顩r的反映，尤其是在治外法權(quán)的強烈刺激下，成為眾多出洋人員考察的對象。 出洋人員對西方監(jiān)獄的考察時間有早晚，考察的監(jiān)獄也有所不同，留下的記述也有詳有略。他們對西方監(jiān)獄的考察，涉及內(nèi)外設(shè)施、犯人生活、管理制度、教育改造等方面。受考察特性、參考系及個人稟賦等因素的影響，他們眼中的西方監(jiān)獄和實際情況存在著某些偏差。盡管如此，在國人沒有任何監(jiān)獄學(xué)知識的背景下，出洋人員通過著述的形式將“西方監(jiān)獄印象”輸入國內(nèi)，可以說為清末監(jiān)獄改良進行了知識的儲備。他們對監(jiān)獄本質(zhì)的認識、對清末監(jiān)獄的反思，以及改革清末監(jiān)獄的呼聲，為清末監(jiān)獄改良進行了思想上的啟蒙。更為難得的是，黃遵憲、戴鴻慈等人以自已的實際行動直接推動了清末監(jiān)獄改良的進程。
[Abstract]:In the late Qing Dynasty, many Chinese began to go abroad to study and travel to Europe, America and Japan. All of them felt the impact of western politics and culture. Prison, as a reflection of the political, economic and cultural development of a country, especially under the strong stimulation of extraterritorial power, has become the object of many foreigners. The time and time of the inspection of western prisons are different, and the records left behind are also detailed and sketchy. Their inspection of western prisons involves internal and external facilities, prisoners' life, management system, educational reform and so on. Influenced by the characteristics of investigation, reference system and personal endowment, there are some deviations between the Western prisons and the actual situation in their eyes. However, under the background that the Chinese did not have any knowledge of prison science, the overseas personnel entered the "impression of Western prisons" into China through the form of writings, which can be said to be a reserve of knowledge for the reform of prisons in the late Qing Dynasty. Their understanding of the essence of the prison, the reflection on the prison in the late Qing Dynasty, and the voice of the reform of the prison in the late Qing Dynasty provided the ideological enlightenment for the reform of the prison in the late Qing Dynasty. What is more rare is that Huang Zunxian, Dai Hongci and others directly promoted the process of prison reform in the late Qing Dynasty with their own practical actions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D926.7;D929

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