發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-24 19:14

【摘要】：十八屆四中全會(huì)明確提出“完善和發(fā)展中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義制度,推進(jìn)治理體系和治理能力現(xiàn)代化”的目標(biāo),它標(biāo)志著治理理念在政府執(zhí)政方針中的正式引入。社會(huì)治理不同于傳統(tǒng)行政管理,是我國(guó)執(zhí)政理念的重大創(chuàng)新。社會(huì)治理來(lái)源于社會(huì)自治權(quán),強(qiáng)調(diào)主體間的協(xié)作與自治。而所謂基層人民調(diào)解的社會(huì)治理功能,就是由政府主導(dǎo),依靠民間組織、社會(huì)組織等其它第三方部門(mén)的協(xié)調(diào)與參與,通過(guò)人民調(diào)解化解社會(huì)糾紛,維護(hù)社會(huì)和諧,從而對(duì)社會(huì)秩序進(jìn)行有效治理。在我國(guó)基層管理實(shí)務(wù)中,人民調(diào)解組織除了承擔(dān)基層糾紛化解功能之外,還承擔(dān)著普法宣傳、人際關(guān)系融合的文化整合功能以及秩序維護(hù)和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制的政治控制功能。其中,基層人民調(diào)解的糾紛解決功能,是其發(fā)揮政治控制與文化整合功能的基礎(chǔ);而其政治、文化功能的發(fā)揮,則建立在其解紛功能的基礎(chǔ)之上。當(dāng)然,我國(guó)基層人民調(diào)解的制度功能要實(shí)現(xiàn)從傳統(tǒng)的行政管理向現(xiàn)代社會(huì)治理功能的轉(zhuǎn)變,仍然面臨著一系列的困境,具體表現(xiàn)為人民調(diào)解糾紛解決功能的弱化、社會(huì)控制功能過(guò)于強(qiáng)化,以及文化功能部分失效等。這些阻礙因素不僅包含人民調(diào)解制度本身的缺陷,還與社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型帶來(lái)社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)和人們生活方式的轉(zhuǎn)變、社會(huì)理念的改變有關(guān)。此外“行政化”與“自治化”的矛盾也是是影響其治理功能發(fā)揮的一個(gè)重要阻礙因素。為了充分發(fā)揮基層人民調(diào)解制度的社會(huì)治理功能,需要轉(zhuǎn)變政府理念,實(shí)現(xiàn)由“全能政府”轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椤坝邢拚钡倪^(guò)渡;需要振興基層調(diào)解組織,增強(qiáng)社會(huì)自治力量;需要平衡調(diào)解與審判的關(guān)系,將人民調(diào)解制度納入法治軌道。
[Abstract]:The fourth Plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee clearly put forward the goal of "perfecting and developing the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, promoting the modernization of the governance system and governing ability", which marks the formal introduction of the concept of governance in the government's governing policy. Social governance is different from traditional administration, and it is an important innovation of our ruling concept. Social governance originates from social autonomy and emphasizes the cooperation and autonomy between subjects. The social governance function of the so-called grass-roots people's mediation is that it is led by the government, relying on the coordination and participation of non-governmental organizations, social organizations, and other third-party departments to resolve social disputes and maintain social harmony through people's mediation. So that the social order for effective governance. In the practice of grass-roots management in our country, the people's mediation organization undertakes not only the functions of resolving disputes at the grass-roots level, but also the functions of cultural integration of popularizing the law, the integration of interpersonal relations and the political control of order maintenance and risk control. Among them, the dispute resolution function of grass-roots people's mediation is the basis of its function of political control and cultural integration, while its political and cultural function is based on its function of resolving disputes. Of course, in order to realize the transformation from traditional administration to modern social governance, the system function of people's mediation at the grass-roots level still faces a series of dilemmas, which is manifested in the weakening of the function of people's mediation and dispute resolution. The function of social control is too strong, and the function of culture is partly invalid. These factors not only contain the defects of the people's mediation system, but also have something to do with the transformation of the social economic structure and people's way of life and the change of the social concept. In addition, the contradiction between "administration" and "autonomy" is an important hindrance to its governance function. In order to give full play to the social governance function of the people's mediation system at the grass-roots level, it is necessary to change the concept of government, realize the transition from "all-powerful government" to "limited government", revitalize the grass-roots mediation organizations and strengthen the social autonomy. It is necessary to balance the relationship between mediation and trial and bring the people's mediation system into the track of ruling by law.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D926

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