【摘要】：自從人類社會出現(xiàn)國家、政府以來,對權力進行監(jiān)督與制約并使其能在良性的軌道上運行,一直是先賢們不斷孜孜探求的目標。而對此必要性進行最為經(jīng)典的闡述莫過于孟德斯鳩在《論法的精神》一書中所指出:“一切有權力的人都容易濫用權力,這是萬古不易的一條經(jīng)驗”�？梢�,權力必須受到監(jiān)督是任何一個奉行民主政治的國家里公共權力運作的基本規(guī)則,不受制約的權力必然導致腐敗。既然司法權也屬于國家權力的范疇,把司法權納入到國家權力監(jiān)督與制約的體系中自然也就是題中應有之義。 目前我國的司法腐敗有愈演愈烈之勢,司法權的運行缺乏必要、合理的監(jiān)督與制約。主要表現(xiàn)在黨和政府的權力過于擴張,有不當干涉司法權運行之嫌。人大監(jiān)督體制先天缺失,不足以承擔監(jiān)督與制約司法權的重任;中國市民社會尚未完全形成,國家對私權利保護不足,私權利自身尚不能形成一股有效的監(jiān)督與制約的力量;“程序正義”的觀念有待普及,法律程序制定粗陋,無法形成對司法權的有效制約;新聞法制定滯后,媒體監(jiān)督依據(jù)不足;司法職業(yè)群體未完全形成,司法官員職業(yè)素養(yǎng)不高,司法職業(yè)道德水平低下,無法通過自律方式保證司法權的規(guī)范運行。 為保證司法權監(jiān)督與制約機模式的科學性與有效性,本文從從權力的監(jiān)督與制約、權利的監(jiān)督與制約、程序的監(jiān)督與制約、新聞輿論的監(jiān)督與制約、職業(yè)道德的監(jiān)督與制約這五大監(jiān)督體系角度中若干重要部分考察現(xiàn)有監(jiān)督與制約模式的運行狀態(tài),分析其中產(chǎn)生問題的具體原因,并通過比較法的考察,以期建構出完整、合理、高效的司法權監(jiān)督與制約模式。 本文從內(nèi)容上分為三章①,其中第一章考察了近代中國司法權的起源,評述了我國審判權的概念和特征,并闡明了司法獨立與司法監(jiān)督的關系。第二章在對上述基本理論考量以后,筆者重點從權力的監(jiān)督與制約、權利的監(jiān)督與制約、程序的監(jiān)督與制約、新聞輿論的監(jiān)督與制約、職業(yè)道德的監(jiān)督與制約的角度分析了現(xiàn)有司法權監(jiān)督與制約模式的現(xiàn)狀及存在的問題。第三章重點從權力的監(jiān)督與制約、權利的監(jiān)督與制約、程序的監(jiān)督與制約、新聞輿論的監(jiān)督與制約、職業(yè)道德的監(jiān)督與制約的角度提出了完善的方案。
[Abstract]:Since the emergence of the country and the government in human society, it has been the goal of the sages to supervise and restrict the power and make it run on the benign track. The most classical explanation of this necessity is Montesquieu's book on the Spirit of the Law, which points out that "all those who have power are apt to abuse power, which is an everlasting experience". It can be seen that power must be supervised is the basic rule of public power operation in any country that pursues democratic politics, and unchecked power inevitably leads to corruption. Since judicial power also belongs to the category of state power, it is natural to bring judicial power into the system of supervision and restriction of state power. At present, judicial corruption is becoming more and more serious in our country, and the operation of judicial power is lack of necessary, reasonable supervision and restriction. The main manifestation is that the power of the Party and the government is too expanded and improper interference in the operation of the judicial power. The national people's Congress supervision system is not enough to bear the responsibility of supervising and restricting the judicial power, the civil society in China has not been completely formed, the state has not enough protection to the private rights, and the private rights themselves can not form an effective force of supervision and restriction. The concept of "procedural justice" needs to be popularized, the legal procedure is crude, it is impossible to form an effective restriction on judicial power, the press law is lagging behind, the basis for media supervision is insufficient, the judicial professional group is not fully formed, and the professional literacy of judicial officials is not high. The level of judicial professional ethics is low and can not guarantee the normal operation of judicial power by self-discipline. In order to ensure the scientific and validity of the mode of supervision and restriction of judicial power, this paper starts with the supervision and restriction of power, the supervision and restriction of right, the supervision and restriction of procedure, the supervision and restriction of news public opinion. Some important parts of the five supervision system of professional ethics examine the running state of the existing supervision and restriction mode, analyze the specific causes of the problems, and through the comparative study, in order to construct the integrity, Reasonable and efficient judicial power supervision and restriction model. The first chapter examines the origin of judicial power in modern China, reviews the concept and characteristics of judicial power in China, and clarifies the relationship between judicial independence and judicial supervision. The second chapter focuses on the supervision and restriction of power, the supervision and restriction of rights, the supervision and restriction of procedure, and the supervision and restriction of news public opinion. From the angle of supervision and restriction of professional ethics, this paper analyzes the present situation and existing problems of the current mode of supervision and restriction of judicial power. The third chapter focuses on the supervision and restriction of power, the supervision and restriction of rights, the supervision and restriction of procedure, the supervision and restriction of news public opinion, and the supervision and restriction of professional ethics.
【學位授予單位】：太原科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D926

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本文編號：2268661