【摘要】：法律的生命力根源于其內(nèi)蘊(yùn)的人文關(guān)懷。法律援助中體現(xiàn)出的保護(hù)弱勢群體的人本主義思想與現(xiàn)時代凸顯的農(nóng)民工問題相結(jié)合,由此引發(fā)了我研究農(nóng)民工法律援助的熱忱。中國當(dāng)前農(nóng)民工問題的難關(guān),很大程度上不是告訴廣大農(nóng)民工怎樣辦,而是要解決政府和社會該如何辦的問題。基于此理念的指引,本文提出了農(nóng)民工法律援助權(quán)的命題,將農(nóng)民工獲得法律援助視為其應(yīng)有的一種權(quán)利,思考的進(jìn)路圍繞如何建構(gòu)與完善這一權(quán)利來進(jìn)行。 本文分三章進(jìn)行架構(gòu)。第一章主要解讀農(nóng)民工法律援助權(quán)的基本理念,通過探究法律援助制度的價值內(nèi)涵,剖析農(nóng)民工法律援助權(quán)的構(gòu)成特點(diǎn),對農(nóng)民工法律援助權(quán)與相關(guān)權(quán)能進(jìn)行辨析,為農(nóng)民工法律援助權(quán)的研究奠定基礎(chǔ),為更好地建構(gòu)農(nóng)民工法律援助權(quán)梳理思路。農(nóng)民工法律援助權(quán)是指農(nóng)民工在需要的情況下,有獲得法律援助的權(quán)利。法律援助從制度設(shè)計之初就奠定了扶助社會中弱者的目標(biāo)指向,而農(nóng)民工在現(xiàn)階段的社會轉(zhuǎn)型期無疑是社會中最大的弱勢群體,法律援助制度所蘊(yùn)含的平等正義的人權(quán)理念即為農(nóng)民工法律援助權(quán)提供了理論基礎(chǔ)。法律援助成為維護(hù)農(nóng)民工合法權(quán)益的有力支撐。 第二章對農(nóng)民工法律援助權(quán)的確立緣由進(jìn)行分析,通過考量法律援助對農(nóng)民工的作用,透析現(xiàn)階段農(nóng)民工法律援助的瓶頸,從而為農(nóng)民工法律援助權(quán)的確立提供價值依據(jù)。農(nóng)民工應(yīng)有而實(shí)際未享有的權(quán)利有很多,勞動權(quán)利、政治權(quán)利、社會保障權(quán)利以及為了保障這些實(shí)體性權(quán)利而設(shè)立的訴權(quán)等等,在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中無不程度深淺地遭遇到實(shí)現(xiàn)障礙。與此同時,農(nóng)民工法律援助工作也碰到了許多的困難,遇到了發(fā)展的瓶頸。如何突破瓶頸,使農(nóng)民工切實(shí)享有法律規(guī)定其應(yīng)該享有的各項權(quán)利,順利實(shí)現(xiàn)困境突圍,農(nóng)民工法律援助權(quán)的建構(gòu)為之找到了方向。確立農(nóng)民工法律援助權(quán)是必要的,也是強(qiáng)烈體現(xiàn)時代感的,具有十分重要的理論與現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 第三章對農(nóng)民工法律援助權(quán)的實(shí)現(xiàn)進(jìn)行探討。農(nóng)民工法律援助權(quán)的實(shí)現(xiàn)過程即是農(nóng)民工法律援助制度的逐步完善過程。本章著重以農(nóng)民工法律援助的制度演進(jìn)為研究主題。首先從制度的理性進(jìn)路入手,提升農(nóng)民工法律援助的權(quán)利理念,提出了從單一型到綜合型的制度豐富方向和從激進(jìn)型到漸進(jìn)型的觀念轉(zhuǎn)變方向,為農(nóng)民工法律援助制度的建構(gòu)確立理論基礎(chǔ)與價值方向。然后從立法層面對農(nóng)民工法律援助制度提出要求,明確提供法律援助是國家責(zé)任,要在立法確立農(nóng)民工法律援助權(quán)的基礎(chǔ)上,對現(xiàn)行涉及農(nóng)民工法律援助的法律法規(guī)進(jìn)行完善。最后對農(nóng)民工法律援助制度的運(yùn)行體系做了嘗試性建構(gòu),提出應(yīng)從機(jī)構(gòu)模式、程序設(shè)置、方法途徑、監(jiān)督機(jī)制、質(zhì)量保證等方面入手,為農(nóng)民工法律援助制度提供強(qiáng)有力支撐,確保其獲得實(shí)效,以助農(nóng)民工法律援助權(quán)的實(shí)現(xiàn)。
[Abstract]:The vitality of law is rooted in its humanistic concern. The humanism thought of protecting the vulnerable groups reflected in the legal aid combined with the problem of migrant workers which is prominent in the present era, which triggered my enthusiasm to study the legal aid of migrant workers. The problem of migrant workers in China is to a large extent not to tell the majority of migrant workers how to do, but to solve the problem of how the government and society should do. Based on the guidance of this concept, this paper puts forward the proposition of the right of legal aid for migrant workers, regards the right of obtaining legal aid for migrant workers as their due right, and thinks about how to construct and perfect this right. This paper is divided into three chapters. The first chapter mainly interprets the basic idea of the legal aid right of migrant workers, analyzes the composing characteristics of the legal aid right of migrant workers by exploring the value connotation of the legal aid system, and discriminates the legal aid right of migrant workers and the relevant power. It lays a foundation for the research of migrant workers' right of legal aid, and combs the train of thought for better construction of migrant workers' right of legal aid. The right of legal aid for migrant workers refers to the right of obtaining legal aid if they need it. Since the beginning of the system design, legal aid has laid the goal of helping the weak in the society, and migrant workers are undoubtedly the largest vulnerable groups in the society in the current social transition period. The concept of equal and just human rights contained in the legal aid system provides a theoretical basis for the legal aid rights of migrant workers. Legal aid has become a strong support for protecting the legitimate rights and interests of migrant workers. The second chapter analyzes the reasons for the establishment of the right to legal aid for migrant workers, through the consideration of the role of legal aid to migrant workers, analyze the bottleneck of the legal aid of migrant workers at this stage, so as to provide a value basis for the establishment of the right to legal aid for migrant workers. There are many rights that migrant workers should not actually enjoy, such as labor rights, political rights, social security rights and the right of action set up in order to protect these substantive rights, and so on, all of which have encountered obstacles to realization to a great extent in real life. At the same time, migrant workers legal aid also encountered a lot of difficulties, encountered the bottleneck of development. How to break through the bottleneck, make the peasant workers enjoy the rights that the law should enjoy, and smoothly realize the predicament break through, the construction of the right of legal aid for migrant workers to find a direction for it. It is necessary to establish the right of legal aid for migrant workers, and it is also a strong embodiment of the sense of the times, which has very important theoretical and practical significance. The third chapter discusses the realization of migrant workers' right of legal aid. The process of realizing the right of legal aid for migrant workers is the gradual improvement of the legal aid system of migrant workers. This chapter focuses on the evolution of migrant workers legal aid system as the research theme. First of all, starting with the rational approach of the system, it promotes the right concept of legal aid for migrant workers, and puts forward the rich direction of the system from the single type to the comprehensive type and the transformation direction from the radical type to the progressive type. To establish the theoretical basis and value direction for the construction of the legal aid system for migrant workers. Then the legal aid system of migrant workers is required from the legislative level, it is the responsibility of the state to provide legal aid, on the basis of legislation to establish the right to legal aid of migrant workers, the existing laws and regulations involving legal aid of migrant workers should be improved. Finally, the author tries to construct the operating system of the legal aid system for migrant workers, and puts forward that it should start from the aspects of institutional model, procedure setting, method and approach, supervision mechanism, quality assurance, and so on, in order to provide a strong support for the legal aid system of migrant workers. To ensure its effectiveness, in order to help migrant workers to achieve the right to legal aid.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：煙臺大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D926.5

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