【摘要】：再審檢察建議是地方各級人民檢察機關(guān)認為同級人民法院已生效的判決、裁定、調(diào)解書存在抗訴的法定情形,建議人民法院進行再審,人民法院如果認為檢察建議確有道理,從而采納檢察機關(guān)的意見,依職權(quán)啟動再審的一種監(jiān)督方式。再審檢察建議源于審判監(jiān)督權(quán),屬于法律監(jiān)督權(quán)的范疇,法律效力相對抗訴柔性,應(yīng)賦予程序上的強制力。 通過對江蘇省南京市13個基層檢察院和無錫市9個基層檢察院的再審檢察建議運行情況的實證研究,這項制度在辦案規(guī)模、操作規(guī)則、民行檢察人員素質(zhì)等方面存在一些共性的問題。在適用中需要注意：正確認識再審檢察建議的意義；嚴格再審檢察建議實體標準,細化再審檢察建議程序規(guī)則；建立法檢的溝通協(xié)調(diào)機制；重視文書說理；充分發(fā)揮和解、調(diào)解的作用；健全跟蹤機制；完善多元化監(jiān)督工作格局。 2012年8月,《民訴法》全面修改,新法用三個條款在適用范圍、申請條件、操作規(guī)則和檢察機關(guān)調(diào)查權(quán)等方面對再審檢察建議作出了規(guī)定。此次民訴法全面修訂,極大地提升了民事檢察監(jiān)督權(quán)在民事訴訟領(lǐng)域的角色。首先,監(jiān)督的方式上,檢察建議“入法”,彌補了抗訴的不足,解決了基層人民檢察院無法直接行使民事行政檢察監(jiān)督權(quán)的問題；其次,監(jiān)督的范圍上,將生效調(diào)解書正式納入檢察監(jiān)督的范疇,并且將檢察機關(guān)的監(jiān)督范圍從對法院的生效法律文書的監(jiān)督擴大到對審判人員的違法行為的監(jiān)督,從對審判活動的監(jiān)督拓展到對執(zhí)行行為的監(jiān)督；再次,監(jiān)督的時間上,檢察機關(guān)對審判監(jiān)督程序以外的其他審判程序中審判人員的違法行為發(fā)生時就可以進行監(jiān)督,改變了民訴法修改前我國檢察監(jiān)督事后監(jiān)督的定位,從事后監(jiān)督向?qū)崟r監(jiān)督延伸。但是也存在具體操作規(guī)則不完善等問題,如果沒有更為具體的可操作的規(guī)定,可能成為空洞的監(jiān)督框架,在實踐中難以取得實效,達不到預(yù)期的監(jiān)督效果。
[Abstract]:A retrial of a procuratorial proposal is a judgment that the people's procuratorial organs at various local levels consider that the people's court at the same level has already taken effect, ruling that there is a statutory situation of protest in the mediation statement, and suggesting that the people's court conduct a retrial. If the people's court considers that the procuratorial proposal is justified, Thus adopting the opinion of procuratorial organ, initiate a kind of supervision way of retrial ex officio. The procuratorial suggestion of retrial comes from the right of judicial supervision and belongs to the category of legal supervision. The legal effect is relatively flexible and should be endowed with procedural compulsion. Through an empirical study on the operation of the retrial and procuratorial proposals of 13 grass-roots procuratorates in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, and 9 grass-roots procuratorates in Wuxi, this system is on the scale of handling cases and operating rules. There are some common problems in the quality of procuratorial personnel. In application, attention should be paid to: correctly understanding the significance of retrial procuratorial suggestions; strictly enforcing the substantive standards of retrial procuratorial suggestions, refining the procedural rules of retrial procuratorial suggestions; establishing a mechanism for communication and coordination of legal procuratorial proposals; attaching importance to the reasoning of documents; giving full play to reconciliation, The role of mediation; perfect tracking mechanism; improve the pattern of diversified supervision. In August 2012, the Civil procedure Law was comprehensively revised, the new law uses three provisions in the scope of application, application conditions, Operating rules and procuratorial organs investigation power and other aspects of the retrial procuratorial recommendations made provisions. The comprehensive revision of the Civil procedure Law has greatly enhanced the role of civil procuratorial supervision in the field of civil litigation. First, in terms of the way of supervision, the procuratorial proposal of "entering the law" makes up for the deficiencies in the protest and solves the problem that the grass-roots people's procuratorates cannot directly exercise the power of civil administrative procuratorial supervision; secondly, in the scope of supervision, To formally bring the effective mediation statement into the scope of procuratorial supervision, and to extend the scope of supervision of the procuratorial organs from the supervision of the effective legal documents of the court to the supervision of the illegal acts of the judicial personnel, From the supervision of trial activities to the supervision of execution; thirdly, in terms of the time of supervision, the procuratorial organs can supervise the illegal acts of the trial personnel in other judicial proceedings other than the judicial supervision procedures. It changed the position of the supervision after the procuratorial supervision before the revision of the civil procedure law and extended from the post-supervision to the real-time supervision. However, there are also some problems, such as imperfection of specific operation rules. If there is no more specific operational regulation, it may become an empty supervision framework, which is difficult to achieve actual results in practice and can not achieve the expected supervision effect.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：D925.1;D926.3

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