本文選題：北京律師 + 法律援助�。� 參考：《中國政法大學》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國目前已將向社會弱勢群體的法律援助服務通過立法明確規(guī)定為政府的一項責任和律師的一種義務,并配合相關法律法規(guī),形成了一系列配套制度。《律師法》、《刑事訴訟法》、《法律援助條例》等相關條文和專門規(guī)定,建立了我國行政機構作為政府主體對法律援助的社會需求統(tǒng)一負責、統(tǒng)一指派,當?shù)芈蓭熓聞账凑瞻才懦薪勇鋵嵪鄳讣木唧w糾紛解決這一制度框架。同時各地經(jīng)過近10年法律援助工作的開展,已形成了相應的專職人員隊伍、基礎設施建設,為經(jīng)濟或其他方面有困難的社會主體解決了切實的需求,反映了我國這一方面的初步成果。北京作為開展律師法律援助工作較早的地區(qū)之一,有其自身在資金、人力資源、配套社會保障制度、民眾法治意識等方面的優(yōu)勢。 但律師法律援助制度作為一種為了滿足特定公民需求、實現(xiàn)弱勢群體基本人權的社會制度,一種由政府、律師、社會受眾綜合參與、互動發(fā)展的社會實踐,其運行機制仍呈現(xiàn)出諸多不足�；趯W界已有的相關理論探討和實踐材料整合,筆者經(jīng)過調(diào)查研究、數(shù)據(jù)整理與采訪,初步了解到北京市法律援助制度最近五年的實際運行狀況,反應出北京地區(qū)律師法律援助制度中存在的張力。一方面社會律師在行政指派的體制內(nèi),承受著硬性攤派帶來的諸多不利因素,容忍杯水車薪的法律援助案件補貼的不足,但依然以較高的熱情努力完成法律援助任務；另一方面,社會律師受到正義與職業(yè)道德的感召,發(fā)揮自身優(yōu)勢,開展了多種不同形式的法律援助活動,從中涌現(xiàn)了許多廣受好評的榜樣。與此相應,法律援助處作為行政主體,不能提供社會律師完成的各類不同法律援助案件的具體數(shù)據(jù),對于社會律師完成各類法律援助案件應當給予的補貼是否分發(fā)到位也沒有統(tǒng)計。 針對北京市法律援助實踐中表現(xiàn)出的這樣一些問題,在目前體制下較為可行的對策,首先是改善案件指派的方式方法,這需要以行政主體和律師協(xié)會的溝通配合為契機,當然政府的財政保障始終需要加強。其次,廣州、上海的成功經(jīng)驗說明目前立法的框架下,各地都有很大改善、創(chuàng)新法律援助實踐形式的空間,行政主體與律師可以形成良好的互動關系,即滿足社會需求,又促進律師的市場競爭力,同時履行了政府的法定義務,對于北京律師法律援助制度的完善具有啟發(fā)性。第三,自03年《法律援助條例》頒布實施以來,律師業(yè)和法律援助的社會需求已有了很大發(fā)展變化,對專職法律援助律師的設置已變得較為迫切,實踐中也已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了實質(zhì)上的專職律師隊伍。 筆者希望北京市司法行政主體和北京市律師協(xié)會能夠相互理解,良好配合,建立一種行之有效的法律援助制度,完善“官方渠道-社會律師”的整體格局,同時積極建言獻策,為我國法律援助制度早日更新完善做出努力。
[Abstract]:At present, legal aid services for socially vulnerable groups have been explicitly stipulated by legislation as a responsibility of the Government and an obligation of lawyers, and in line with relevant laws and regulations. A series of supporting systems have been formed. The lawyers Law, the Criminal procedure Law, the regulations on legal Aid, and other relevant articles and special provisions have been formed. As the main body of the government, the administrative organs in our country have been uniformly responsible for and assigned to the social needs of legal aid. Local law firms according to arrangements to undertake the implementation of the corresponding cases of specific dispute resolution system framework. At the same time, after nearly 10 years of legal aid work, various localities have formed a corresponding team of full-time personnel, infrastructure construction and practical needs for social subjects with economic or other difficulties. Reflects our country this aspect preliminary achievement. As one of the early legal aid areas, Beijing has its own advantages in capital, human resources, supporting social security system, public awareness of the rule of law, and so on. However, the legal aid system of lawyers, as a social system to meet the needs of specific citizens and to realize the basic human rights of vulnerable groups, is a kind of social practice in which the government, lawyers, and social audiences participate in and interact with each other. Its running mechanism still presents many deficiencies. Based on the relevant theoretical discussion and practical material integration in academic circles, the author, through investigation, data collation and interviews, preliminarily understands the actual operation of the legal aid system in Beijing in the past five years. Reflects the Beijing area lawyer legal aid system existence tension. On the one hand, social lawyers, in the system of administrative assignment, bear many unfavorable factors brought by hard assessment and tolerate the insufficiency of subsidy in legal aid cases, but they still strive to complete the task of legal aid with high enthusiasm. On the other hand, social lawyers are inspired by justice and professional ethics, exert their own advantages, carry out various forms of legal aid activities, from which emerged a lot of well-received examples. Accordingly, as the administrative subject, the legal Aid Office cannot provide specific data on various kinds of legal aid cases completed by social lawyers. There are no statistics on whether the subsidies should be distributed to social lawyers to complete all kinds of legal aid cases. In the light of such problems in the practice of legal aid in Beijing, the more feasible countermeasures under the present system are, first of all, to improve the ways and means of case assignment, which needs to take the opportunity of communication and cooperation between the administrative body and the Bar Association. Of course, the government's financial support still needs to be strengthened. Secondly, the successful experience of Guangzhou and Shanghai shows that under the framework of current legislation, there is great improvement in various places. The space for innovating the practical form of legal aid can form a good interactive relationship between the administrative subject and the lawyer, that is, to meet the needs of the society. It also promotes the market competitiveness of lawyers and fulfils the legal obligations of the government, which is instructive to the perfection of Beijing lawyer's legal aid system. Third, since the promulgation and implementation of the legal Aid Ordinance in 2003, the legal profession and the social needs for legal aid have greatly developed and changed, and the setting up of full-time legal aid lawyers has become more urgent. In practice, there has been a substantial team of full-time lawyers. The author hopes that the main body of judicial administration in Beijing and the Beijing Bar Association can understand each other, cooperate well, establish an effective legal aid system, perfect the overall pattern of "official channel-social lawyer", and actively offer suggestions and suggestions. Efforts will be made to update and improve our legal aid system at an early date.
【學位授予單位】：中國政法大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D926.5

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前10條

1 吳璇;;對我國法律援助模式的探討[J];保定學院學報;2008年01期

2 許冷;賈秋美;;對建立我國法律援助律師制度的探討[J];北京政法職業(yè)學院學報;2009年01期

3 張雪峰;李海明;;論我國法律援助制度的發(fā)展態(tài)勢及其構建[J];長春工業(yè)大學學報(社會科學版);2008年05期

4 張文靜;;首都律師參與社會矛盾糾紛化解工作會議綜述[J];中國司法;2007年12期

5 北京市司法局課題組;;關于北京市民間公益性法制宣傳與法律服務機構的調(diào)研報告[J];中國司法;2008年03期

6 單展華;車瀾平;;論提高法律援助辦案質(zhì)量[J];中國司法;2008年05期

7 許冷;;北京市法律援助工作的現(xiàn)狀及對策[J];中國司法;2008年11期

8 黃艷;;對我國律師法援制度的思考[J];法制與經(jīng)濟(中旬刊);2009年02期

9 賀海仁;;法律援助:政府責任與律師義務[J];環(huán)球法律評論;2005年06期

10 張陸慶;;律師法律援助的價值[J];職業(yè)時空;2009年08期

相關重要報紙文章 前1條

1 北京大學法學院教授 陳瑞華;[N];法制日報;2007年

相關碩士學位論文 前6條

1 沈紅衛(wèi);法律援助的基本理論問題及模式選擇[D];湖南師范大學;2002年

2 高淑鵬;法律援助的國家責任研究[D];山東大學;2007年

3 顧斌;論我國法律援助存在的問題及對策[D];蘭州大學;2007年

4 黃菲;我國律師法律援助義務及其履行機制研究[D];復旦大學;2008年

5 劉兆陽;我國法律援助制度發(fā)展歷程概略[D];曲阜師范大學;2009年

6 向章平;完善我國法律援助制度之理性思考[D];湖南師范大學;2009年

，

本文編號：1957948