本文選題：行政法院　切入點：主要制度　出處：《中國地質(zhì)大學（北京）》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：法國法分屬于大陸法系,是大陸法系的典型代表,法國的行政法在法律領(lǐng)域與世界其他國家相比又是比較完善的,法國之所以被稱為“行政法的母國”,其行政法是相當發(fā)達的,它創(chuàng)立的制度和原則不僅被大陸法系國家所吸收,而且也被普通法系的國家所學習。法國行政法的發(fā)展是隨著行政法院的產(chǎn)生、發(fā)展而逐漸成熟的。法國在世界上首先建立了由獨立于司法系統(tǒng)以外的行政法院對行政權(quán)予以控制的先河。其設(shè)立之目的是為了保護行政權(quán)不受法院審判權(quán)的非法干預,其強調(diào)行政的獨立性,這有著深刻的理論基礎(chǔ)和歷史背景。 法國行政法院是國際司法審查領(lǐng)域的一朵奇葩,為世人關(guān)注。在世界范圍內(nèi),往往以法國的行政法院制度作為行政訴訟的典型,法國的行政訴訟有專門的行政法院審理,獨立、精密的行政法院組織體系,專業(yè)的行政法官,嚴格的執(zhí)行制度,對行政判例制度的發(fā)展等是法國獨具特色的行政法院制度基礎(chǔ),創(chuàng)造了現(xiàn)代意義的行政法,實現(xiàn)了權(quán)力控制、行政咨詢、人權(quán)保障和審判專門化的功能。 目前,我國采取在普通法院內(nèi)設(shè)立行政審判庭的行政審判體制,這種體制在保護公民、法人和其他組織的合法權(quán)益,維護監(jiān)督行政主體依法行使職權(quán)起到了積極的作用。但隨著社會主義法制國家的進程,我國公民的法律意識的不斷增強,行政審判中出現(xiàn)的問題越來越多,這種審判體制的弊端也日益暴露。如:法官專業(yè)性知識欠缺和行政經(jīng)驗不足;法官判案受同級政府的約束;執(zhí)行難;司法地方化和司法行政化等問題,這極大地妨礙了我國行政訴訟目的的實現(xiàn)。因此,本文試圖分析法國行政法院產(chǎn)生的理論基礎(chǔ)、歷史演變,重點研究法國行政法院的主要制度,并借鑒國內(nèi)外其它國家的成功經(jīng)驗,系統(tǒng)的對法國行政法院制度進行評價,從中汲取對我國行政審判制度的有利經(jīng)驗,借鑒其經(jīng)驗,以便促進我國行政審判制度的改革和完善,甚至對于整個司法體制改革進一步走向深入都具有非常重要的意義。
[Abstract]:Belongs to the continental law system is a typical representative of French law, civil law, administrative law of France in the legal field compared with other countries in the world is perfect, France is called the "administrative law country", the administrative law is quite developed, it was not only the principles of the system and is absorbed by the continental law system the state, but also by the common law countries. The development of learning French administrative law is administrative court with production, development and maturity. The French in the world first established by the administrative court independent judicial system to control administrative power beyond precedent. The aim is to protect the administrative right the illegal intervention of jurisdiction, the independence of its emphasis on administration, which has profound theoretical basis and historical background.
The French administrative court is an exotic flower in the fields of international judicial review, for the world attention. In the world, often to the French administrative court system as a typical administrative litigation, administrative litigation in France have special administrative court, independent administrative court, precision organization system, professional administrative judge, strict execution the system of administrative precedent system development is the foundation of French unique administrative court system, created the modern administrative law, the administrative power control, consulting, human rights protection and judicial specialized functions.
At present, our country adopts the establishment of the administrative tribunal in the ordinary courts within the administrative judicial system, this system in the protection of citizens, legal persons and other organizations of the legitimate rights and interests, maintaining and supervising the administrative subject to exercise authority has played a positive role. But with the process of socialist legal system country, the legal consciousness of our citizens continue to enhance the in the administrative trial appear more and more problems, the malpractice of the trial system are also increasingly exposed. Such as: the lack of professional knowledge and administrative experience; the judge was constrained by the government; difficult to implement; the local justice and judicial administrative problems, which greatly hindered the realization of China's administrative litigation purpose. Therefore, this paper tries to analyze the theoretical basis, the historical evolution of the French administrative court, mainly focuses on the system of administrative court in France, and learn from the successful countries at home and abroad by the Test system for evaluation of the French administrative court system, draw beneficial experience for China's administrative trial system in draw lessons from its experience, in order to promote the reform of the administrative judicial system and perfect, even for the further deepening the reform of the judicial system has a very important significance.

【學位授予單位】：中國地質(zhì)大學（北京）
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D956.5;DD916.2;DD915.4

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本文編號：1724782