本文關(guān)鍵詞： 農(nóng)村 法律援助 法律意識 鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)司法所　出處：《山東大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：法律援助,即由國家設(shè)立的相關(guān)法律援助機(jī)構(gòu)與人員為經(jīng)濟(jì)困難或者特殊案件的人員給予免收或者減受服務(wù)費用以提供法律幫助的制度。作為社會救濟(jì)體系的一部分,法律援助制度早已獲得世界的廣泛關(guān)注并將其規(guī)定在各國的法律體系當(dāng)中。據(jù)統(tǒng)計世界大約有140多個國家建立的法律援助制度,我國當(dāng)然也不例外。從我國第一個法律援助機(jī)構(gòu)建立至今,可以說我國法律援助體系以初步建成,這是我國政府部門與社會相關(guān)人士奮斗多年的成果。從制度上的空白到完善,從社會大眾不知其為何物到群眾的普遍接受與歡迎,都說明了法律援助制度在我國已經(jīng)取得了長久的發(fā)展。但是,由于中國城鄉(xiāng)二元化的經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)與中國長期“禮治”觀念的影響等因素,我國法律援助機(jī)制運行的極不順利,這集中表現(xiàn)在農(nóng)村法律援助機(jī)制的開展將會面臨更大的挫折與困難。農(nóng)村作為中國弱勢社會群體之一具有自己的特點與規(guī)律性,這主要表現(xiàn)在農(nóng)民的法律意識薄弱、傳統(tǒng)文化較城市影響嚴(yán)重等特點。因此在農(nóng)村開展法律援助制度也需要與城市有所區(qū)別,找出其特有的因素進(jìn)行分析,從而開辟一條適合農(nóng)村開展與發(fā)展法律援助的道路。 因此,建立與完善農(nóng)村法律援助機(jī)制,首先應(yīng)當(dāng)確立其指導(dǎo)思想,即以廣大農(nóng)民對法律援助制度的需求為其首要出發(fā)點。在調(diào)研的基礎(chǔ)上找出農(nóng)民最迫切,最關(guān)心的問題來擴(kuò)大完善農(nóng)村法律援助的服務(wù)范圍的基礎(chǔ)上,建立健全農(nóng)村法律援助制度開展所必備的配套設(shè)施,如：資金供給制度、鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)司法所建設(shè)、人力資源配置等必備設(shè)施是推動農(nóng)村法律援助機(jī)制開展與推廣的必要手段。本文正是基于中國農(nóng)村所具有的特點與規(guī)律性并結(jié)合我國法律援助開展的現(xiàn)狀,對中國農(nóng)村法律援助制度運行的現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)其規(guī)律性與缺陷從而提出自己的構(gòu)建主張。 本文共分為以下五章,第一章為引言,主要介紹了本文的寫作意義、法律援助的一般概念與相關(guān)研究現(xiàn)狀,在此基礎(chǔ)上分析我國農(nóng)村法律援助的特點與其規(guī)律性。 第二章主要從維護(hù)農(nóng)村弱勢群體的人權(quán)、司法公正與社會穩(wěn)定三個方面來分析農(nóng)村法律援助機(jī)制的價值取向。從而明確農(nóng)村法律援助制度在我國社會主義法治構(gòu)建中所具有的重要意義。 第三章主要立足我國農(nóng)村的現(xiàn)狀對現(xiàn)行農(nóng)村法律援助體系進(jìn)行概述,并分析我國農(nóng)村法律援助機(jī)制的推進(jìn)模式與社會實效。在此基礎(chǔ)上發(fā)現(xiàn)農(nóng)村法律援助的問題。 第四章主要是在第三章分析的基礎(chǔ)上發(fā)現(xiàn)農(nóng)村法律援助機(jī)制開展所面臨的阻礙,并簡短分析其成因。這主要包括了法律援助資金問題、法律援助工作者的素質(zhì)問題,以及法律援助的服務(wù)范圍等幾方面問題 第五章的主要內(nèi)容是從制度方面與農(nóng)民精神層面兩個方面來提出農(nóng)村法律援助機(jī)制問題的解決方案,并初步提出構(gòu)建適合農(nóng)村社會法律援助機(jī)制開展的新道路。
[Abstract]:Legal aid, legal aid agencies and personnel from the country to set up economic difficulty or in special cases to waive or reduce the personnel cost by the service to provide legal help system. As a part of the social relief system, legal aid system has already received widespread attention in the world and its provisions in the national legal system according to them. There are about more than 140 countries to establish the legal aid system of statistics world, China is no exception. From China's first legal aid agencies established, can be said that our legal aid system initially built, this is our country government departments and social stakeholders for many years of struggle. From the system blank to improve from the public, do not know what the masses generally accepted and welcome, explains that the legal aid system has made long-term development in our country. However, due to the The factors of economic structure Chinese two yuan in urban and rural areas and China long-term "Rites" concept of the impact, the operation mechanism of legal aid in China is not very smooth, which is on the performance of face more setbacks and difficulties of the mechanism of legal aid in rural areas. Rural areas will Chinese disadvantaged groups as one has its own characteristics and regularity this is mainly manifested in the farmers' legal consciousness is weak, the characteristics of traditional culture is more seriously affected than the city. Therefore the development of legal aid system also need to be different with the city in rural areas, find out its unique analysis of the factors, and to find a suitable for the rural development and the development of legal aid.
Therefore, to establish and perfect the legal aid system in rural areas, we should first establish its guiding ideology, namely the farmers' demand of legal aid system as the primary starting point. On the basis of the investigation to find out the most urgent basis of farmers, the most concerned problem to expand and perfect the rural legal aid service scope, establish and perfect the rural law aid system to carry out the necessary supporting facilities, such as: capital supply system, the township judicial construction, human resources and other necessary facilities to promote the legal aid mechanism for rural development and extension of the necessary means. This is the characteristics and regularity of rural Chinese has combined with the status quo of China's legal aid development based on the running status the China countryside legal aid system is analyzed, the regularity and the defects which claim to build their own.
This paper is divided into the following five chapters. The first chapter is the introduction, which mainly introduces the significance of this article, the general concept and related research status of legal aid, and then analyzes the characteristics and regularity of rural legal aid in China.
The second chapter mainly analyzes the value orientation of rural legal aid mechanism from three aspects of safeguarding the rights of rural vulnerable groups, judicial justice and social stability, so as to clarify the significance of rural legal aid system in the construction of socialist rule of law in China.
The third chapter, based on the current situation of rural areas in China, summarizes the current rural legal aid system, analyzes the promotion mode and social effect of rural legal aid mechanism, and finds out the problem of rural legal aid.
The fourth chapter is the mechanism of legal aid in rural areas face obstacles that based on the third chapter, and a brief analysis of its causes. It mainly includes the legal aid fund, the quality of legal aid, and the legal aid services such problems
The main content of the fifth chapter is from the system aspect and the farmer spirit aspect two aspects to propose the countryside legal aid mechanism question solution plan, and initially proposes constructs the new way which suits the countryside society legal aid mechanism to carry out.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D926.5

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