【摘要】：多數(shù)決伴隨著民主制度的產(chǎn)生和發(fā)展，但是人們在社會發(fā)展的過程中往往誤以為多數(shù)決就是民主的本質(zhì)，其實不然。民主應該是能夠提供人們最基本權(quán)利和尊嚴的一種價值、程序、規(guī)范或是權(quán)力結(jié)構(gòu)。在民主制度中對多數(shù)決的限制具有一定的理論基礎——不僅能夠適當?shù)胤乐苟鄶?shù)人的暴政，還能使得民主制度朝更完善的方向發(fā)展，同時對多數(shù)決的限制適用也是權(quán)利保留和個人自治等方面的要求。我們應當在人的基本權(quán)利、個人獨特性、道德、公共輿論等方面對多數(shù)決的適用進行限制。在這些方面，我們可以采用協(xié)商、辯論，抽簽，或者個人決、一致決等方式作為多數(shù)決規(guī)則的補充。同時我們應當建立司法審查、結(jié)社權(quán)、少數(shù)否決權(quán)、復決權(quán)等制度，以保障多數(shù)決的限制適用，防止多數(shù)決的過度適用帶來的弊端。
[Abstract]:Majority decision is accompanied by the emergence and development of democratic system, but people often mistake majority decision as the essence of democracy in the process of social development, but it is not. Democracy should be a value, procedure, norm, or structure of power that can provide the most basic rights and dignity of people. The restrictions on majority decisions in a democratic system have a theoretical basis not only to prevent tyranny of the majority, but also to make it more perfect. At the same time, the limitation of majority decision is also the requirement of right reservation and personal autonomy. We should limit the application of majority decision in basic human rights, individual uniqueness, morality, public opinion, etc. In these areas, we can use consultation, debate, drawing lots, or individual decisions, unanimous decisions as a complement to the majority rule. At the same time, we should establish the system of judicial review, the right of association, the minority veto power, the right of referendum and so on, so as to guarantee the application of the limitation of majority decision and prevent the malpractice brought by excessive application of majority decision.
【學位授予單位】：蘇州大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：D90-052

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