韓國憲法法院審判權的理論與實踐解讀
發(fā)布時間：2018-11-14 20:39
【摘要】： 隨著現(xiàn)代社會的發(fā)展,司法對行政權的干預程度在很大程度上反映了一個國家的法治化進程,在正處于高速發(fā)展的社會主義現(xiàn)代化中國,隨著入世和與世界經濟接軌的程度的加深,司法改革理所當然成為今后司法領域的必然趨勢,其中法院審判權的擴大又成為了重中之重。作為直接維護憲法最高權益的憲法法院,它的審判權應最為權威,并且對國家與社會的影響至為深遠,因此分析其他國家憲法法院的審判權可以為我國今后的司法改革提供重要的借鑒和幫助,也為依法行政和人權保護提供更深層次的保障。 韓國作為我們一衣帶水的鄰邦在近現(xiàn)代的司法改革中取得了重大的成就,由于其地緣條件和社會條件與我們國家的相似性,使其受到我們的關注程度較其他非憲法傳統(tǒng)國家要強許多。尤其是近年發(fā)生于韓國國內的許多值得深刻討論的憲法大案反映出的問題更是諸多憲法學者研討的重要課題。韓國憲法法院制度是后發(fā)達國家建立有效的憲法監(jiān)督模式的典范,審判權是其憲法法院制度的核心內容。要了解韓國憲法法院的審判權就必須要了解韓國憲法法院的歷史發(fā)展和運行機制,由此才可以更加細致的了解韓國憲法法院審判權限及其現(xiàn)狀,厘清優(yōu)缺點,為我國現(xiàn)代法制建設提供寶貴經驗。本文力求在內部機制與功能方面說明憲法法院審判權的作用,再通過結合案例說明韓國憲法法院審判權不僅對韓國社會及個人具有保障的作用,而且對行政權、立法權和司法權也起到了約束的作用,這些都對樹立憲法最高權威性產生了重大的影響和作用。 本文首先通過介紹韓國憲法法院建立的歷史背景、現(xiàn)行組織體系及憲法法院的功能和地位來引出韓國憲法法院的五個審判權,即違憲法律審判權、彈劾審判權、政黨解散審判權、國家機構間權限爭議審判權、憲法訴愿審判權;然后,在宏觀上,從分析韓國憲法法院審判權運行的規(guī)則入手,總結了韓國憲法法院審判權的地位和功能及其在社會發(fā)展中所起到的作用;最后,在微觀上,通過具體介紹韓國著名的案例來分別評析韓國憲法法院的審判權,包括憲法法院這幾項審判權起到的積極作用和存在的問題。本文或許對于尚處在起步階段的我國違憲審查制度建設而言,具有一定的啟發(fā)和借鑒意義。旨在通過對韓國憲法法院審判權的介紹和研究使讀者了解其優(yōu)點和存在的問題,為我國將來的司法改革提供一些經驗,對維護我國憲法的權威性和功能性提供合理建議。
[Abstract]:With the development of modern society, the degree of judicial intervention in administrative power reflects to a great extent the process of ruling by law in a country. With the entry into WTO and the deepening of the connection with the world economy, the judicial reform has become the inevitable trend in the judicial field in the future, in which the expansion of the court jurisdiction has become the most important. As a constitutional court that directly upholds the supreme rights and interests of the Constitution, it should have the most authoritative jurisdiction and far-reaching influence on the country and society. Therefore, the analysis of the jurisdiction of the constitutional courts in other countries can provide important reference and help for the future judicial reform in our country, and also provide a deeper level of protection for the administration of law and the protection of human rights. South Korea, as our neighboring country, has made great achievements in the modern judicial reform, because of its geographical and social conditions, which are similar to our country. It has attracted much more attention than other unconstitutional countries. Especially in recent years, many constitutional cases in South Korea, which are worth discussing deeply, reflect the problems that many constitutional scholars have discussed. The Korean Constitutional Court system is a model for the post-developed countries to establish an effective constitutional supervision model, and the judicial power is the core content of its constitutional court system. In order to understand the jurisdiction of the Korean Constitutional Court, we must understand the historical development and operation mechanism of the Korean Constitutional Court, so that we can have a more detailed understanding of the jurisdiction of the Korean Constitutional Court and its present situation, and clarify its advantages and disadvantages. To provide valuable experience for the construction of modern legal system in China. This paper tries to explain the role of the jurisdiction of the Constitutional Court in the aspect of internal mechanism and function, and through the case study, it shows that the jurisdiction of the Constitutional Court of Korea not only has the function of safeguarding the Korean society and individuals, but also the administrative power. Legislative power and judicial power also play a binding role, which have a great impact on the establishment of the highest authority of the Constitution. This paper first introduces the historical background of the establishment of the Korean Constitutional Court, the current organizational system and the functions and status of the Constitutional Court to draw out the five jurisdiction of the Constitutional Court of Korea, namely, the jurisdiction of violating the Constitution and the power of impeachment. Judicial power of dissolution of political parties, jurisdiction of disputes between state agencies and jurisdiction of constitutional appeals; Then, from the macro point of view, the author summarizes the position and function of the judicial power of the Korean Constitutional Court and its role in the development of society by analyzing the rules of the operation of the jurisdiction of the Korean Constitutional Court. Finally, on the micro level, the author analyzes the jurisdiction of the Constitutional Court of Korea, including the positive role and the existing problems of the jurisdiction of the Constitutional Court of Korea by introducing the famous case of Korea. This paper may have some enlightening and referential significance for the construction of unconstitutional review system in our country which is still in its infancy. The purpose of this paper is to introduce and study the judicial power of the Korean Constitutional Court to make readers understand its advantages and problems, to provide some experience for the future judicial reform of our country, and to provide reasonable suggestions for maintaining the authority and function of the constitution of our country.
【學位授予單位】：延邊大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：D931.3;DD911
本文編號：2332243
[Abstract]:With the development of modern society, the degree of judicial intervention in administrative power reflects to a great extent the process of ruling by law in a country. With the entry into WTO and the deepening of the connection with the world economy, the judicial reform has become the inevitable trend in the judicial field in the future, in which the expansion of the court jurisdiction has become the most important. As a constitutional court that directly upholds the supreme rights and interests of the Constitution, it should have the most authoritative jurisdiction and far-reaching influence on the country and society. Therefore, the analysis of the jurisdiction of the constitutional courts in other countries can provide important reference and help for the future judicial reform in our country, and also provide a deeper level of protection for the administration of law and the protection of human rights. South Korea, as our neighboring country, has made great achievements in the modern judicial reform, because of its geographical and social conditions, which are similar to our country. It has attracted much more attention than other unconstitutional countries. Especially in recent years, many constitutional cases in South Korea, which are worth discussing deeply, reflect the problems that many constitutional scholars have discussed. The Korean Constitutional Court system is a model for the post-developed countries to establish an effective constitutional supervision model, and the judicial power is the core content of its constitutional court system. In order to understand the jurisdiction of the Korean Constitutional Court, we must understand the historical development and operation mechanism of the Korean Constitutional Court, so that we can have a more detailed understanding of the jurisdiction of the Korean Constitutional Court and its present situation, and clarify its advantages and disadvantages. To provide valuable experience for the construction of modern legal system in China. This paper tries to explain the role of the jurisdiction of the Constitutional Court in the aspect of internal mechanism and function, and through the case study, it shows that the jurisdiction of the Constitutional Court of Korea not only has the function of safeguarding the Korean society and individuals, but also the administrative power. Legislative power and judicial power also play a binding role, which have a great impact on the establishment of the highest authority of the Constitution. This paper first introduces the historical background of the establishment of the Korean Constitutional Court, the current organizational system and the functions and status of the Constitutional Court to draw out the five jurisdiction of the Constitutional Court of Korea, namely, the jurisdiction of violating the Constitution and the power of impeachment. Judicial power of dissolution of political parties, jurisdiction of disputes between state agencies and jurisdiction of constitutional appeals; Then, from the macro point of view, the author summarizes the position and function of the judicial power of the Korean Constitutional Court and its role in the development of society by analyzing the rules of the operation of the jurisdiction of the Korean Constitutional Court. Finally, on the micro level, the author analyzes the jurisdiction of the Constitutional Court of Korea, including the positive role and the existing problems of the jurisdiction of the Constitutional Court of Korea by introducing the famous case of Korea. This paper may have some enlightening and referential significance for the construction of unconstitutional review system in our country which is still in its infancy. The purpose of this paper is to introduce and study the judicial power of the Korean Constitutional Court to make readers understand its advantages and problems, to provide some experience for the future judicial reform of our country, and to provide reasonable suggestions for maintaining the authority and function of the constitution of our country.
【學位授予單位】：延邊大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：D931.3;DD911
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