發(fā)布時間：2018-10-24 08:22

【摘要】：隨著全球氣候變暖不斷加劇，控制碳排放成為各國的共識，積極發(fā)展低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)，其中農(nóng)業(yè)的碳減排也是一個非常重要的方面。發(fā)展低碳農(nóng)業(yè)不僅僅可以降低溫室氣體排放，還能夠提高糧食產(chǎn)量，保障糧食安全。當(dāng)前中國低碳農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展才剛剛起步，還存在很多問題，，需要借鑒發(fā)達(dá)國家的成熟經(jīng)驗，而作為世界經(jīng)濟(jì)霸主的美國，憑借其系統(tǒng)而詳盡的法律體系、雄厚的資金、先進(jìn)的技術(shù)為其農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展提供了有力支撐，在低碳農(nóng)業(yè)方面處于世界領(lǐng)先地位。因此，研究美國低碳農(nóng)業(yè)法律規(guī)制對于改善我國傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)，增強(qiáng)我國農(nóng)業(yè)的國際競爭力具有現(xiàn)實意義。 本文分為四個部分來對氣候變化背景下美國低碳農(nóng)業(yè)法律規(guī)制及其啟示進(jìn)行論述。第一章主要分析了高耗能基礎(chǔ)上農(nóng)業(yè)與氣候變化的關(guān)系,指出農(nóng)業(yè)與氣候變化兩者的影響是相互的，并非單方面的只有氣候變化會導(dǎo)致農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展危機(jī),農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)中的碳排放也是引起氣候變化的大碳源，由此引出我國發(fā)展低碳農(nóng)業(yè)的必要性。第二章主要分析氣候變化背景下美國低碳農(nóng)業(yè)法律體系的構(gòu)建與發(fā)展，該部分包括美國低碳農(nóng)業(yè)立法動因、法律體系演進(jìn)以及低碳農(nóng)業(yè)的特征。第三章是本文的主體部分，研究了美國低碳農(nóng)業(yè)法律制度，分別從農(nóng)業(yè)補(bǔ)貼、稅收激勵、殺蟲劑規(guī)制、資源保護(hù)四個層面加以論述，顯示了其農(nóng)業(yè)政策的優(yōu)越性。第四章在分析我國低碳農(nóng)業(yè)法律構(gòu)建現(xiàn)狀以及立法缺陷的基礎(chǔ)上，提出構(gòu)建我國低碳農(nóng)業(yè)的有效措施與對策。
[Abstract]:With the increasing global warming, controlling carbon emissions has become the consensus of all countries, and actively developing low-carbon economy, among which carbon emission reduction in agriculture is also a very important aspect. Developing low-carbon agriculture can not only reduce greenhouse gas emissions, but also increase grain production and ensure food security. At present, the development of low-carbon agriculture in China is just beginning, and there are still many problems. We need to learn from the mature experience of developed countries. The United States, as the world economic hegemon, relies on its systematic and detailed legal system and abundant funds. Advanced technology provides strong support for the development of its agriculture, leading the world in low-carbon agriculture. Therefore, it is of practical significance to study the legal regulation of low-carbon agriculture in the United States for improving our traditional agriculture and enhancing the international competitiveness of our agriculture. This paper is divided into four parts to discuss the legal regulation and enlightenment of low-carbon agriculture in the United States under the background of climate change. The first chapter mainly analyzes the relationship between agriculture and climate change on the basis of high energy consumption, and points out that the impacts of agriculture and climate change are mutual, and climate change is not the only one that will lead to an agricultural development crisis. Carbon emission from agricultural production is also a large carbon source that causes climate change, which leads to the necessity of developing low-carbon agriculture in China. The second chapter mainly analyzes the construction and development of American low-carbon agriculture legal system under the background of climate change, which includes the legislative motivation, the evolution of the legal system and the characteristics of low-carbon agriculture in the United States. The third chapter is the main part of this paper, the study of low-carbon agricultural legal system in the United States, respectively from the agricultural subsidies, tax incentives, pesticide regulation, resource protection four levels to discuss, showing the advantages of its agricultural policy. On the basis of analyzing the current situation and legislative defects of low-carbon agriculture in China, the fourth chapter puts forward the effective measures and countermeasures to construct low-carbon agriculture in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：D971.2;DD912.4

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