【摘要】： 大明王朝在中國歷史上是一個十分重要的王朝,在明朝君主集權的政治體制高度發(fā)展和成熟,地方之權集于中央,中央之權集于皇帝。在這種歷史背景下,明朝刑部的審判權也極具歷史特色。雖然明朝開國之初主要制度承繼元朝,但是其不久就在實踐中自創(chuàng)了一套新的刑部制度。在這種新的制度下,不但明朝刑部的建制大異于唐宋,而且其職掌也發(fā)生了巨大變化,刑部由唐朝的中央司法行政機關變成了明朝的中央司法審判機關。刑部的審判權在明朝中央司法審判權中占有獨特的地位,可以說是明朝中央審判權的核心之一。 本文的第一章為明朝刑部及其審判權的介紹部分,主要講述了明朝刑部的沿革與建制,明朝三法司的概況以及刑部審判權在其中的地位。 本文的第二章為刑部審判權直接行使方式的研究,具體而言分為京師案件的審判,直隸和各省案件的復核以及參加三司會審三部分,這皆可以看作是刑部在京師直接行使審判權的方式。 本文的第三章為明朝刑部廣義審判權行使方式的論述,具體分為明朝審錄制度概述,以及明朝京師的審錄與地方的審錄兩大部分。 本文的第四章為明朝刑部審判權制約因素的分析,分為制度下的內(nèi)閣、大理寺與皇權專制下的內(nèi)廷宦官、廠衛(wèi)兩部分。
[Abstract]:The Daming Dynasty is a very important dynasty in Chinese history. In the Ming Dynasty, the political system of centralization of monarch is highly developed and mature. The local power is concentrated in the central government, and the central power is concentrated in the emperor. Under this kind of historical background, the judicial power of the Ming Dynasty criminal department also has the historical characteristic extremely. Although the main system of the Ming Dynasty was inherited from the Yuan Dynasty, it soon created a new system of the Ministry of punishment in practice. Under this new system, not only the system of the criminal department of the Ming Dynasty is greatly different from that of the Tang and Song dynasties, but also its duties have changed greatly. The department of torture has changed from the central judicial administrative organ of the Tang Dynasty to the central judicial and judicial organ of the Ming Dynasty. The judicial power of the criminal department occupies a unique position in the central judicial jurisdiction of the Ming Dynasty, which can be said to be one of the core of the central jurisdiction in the Ming Dynasty. The first chapter is the introduction of the criminal department of the Ming Dynasty and its jurisdiction. It mainly describes the evolution and establishment of the criminal department of the Ming Dynasty, the general situation of the three legal departments of the Ming Dynasty and the position of the judicial power of the criminal department among them. The second chapter of this paper is the research on the direct exercise of judicial power of the Ministry of torture. Specifically, it is divided into three parts: the trial of the Capital teacher case, the review of the cases in Zhili and the provinces, and the participation of the three departments in the trial. This can all be regarded as the way that the Ministry of torture directly exercises judicial power in the capital. The third chapter is the discussion of the exercise of the broad jurisdiction of the criminal department of the Ming Dynasty, which is divided into two parts: the summary of the system of trial and recording in the Ming Dynasty, and the trial record of the capital teacher and the local trial record of the Ming Dynasty. The fourth chapter is the analysis of the restrictive factors of the judicial power of the criminal department of the Ming Dynasty, which is divided into two parts: the cabinet under the system, the Dali Temple and the imperial eunuchs under the autocracy of the imperial power.
【學位授予單位】：華東政法大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：D929;D925.2

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本文編號：2177235