【摘要】： 差別的觀念在羅爾斯提出其差別原則之前在中西方就普遍存在,且根源久遠(yuǎn)。本文從法律的角度解讀美國學(xué)者羅爾斯提出的差別原則,評(píng)析其在理論和制度上的歷史地位,試圖將其運(yùn)用于法學(xué)領(lǐng)域。在理論的方面其對(duì)我們法學(xué)理論界引進(jìn)差別觀念有重要啟示。事實(shí)上,在法治現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程中,形式化的平等在事實(shí)和規(guī)范面前都存在著不足,從法理學(xué)的角度來界定“差別原則”已是恰當(dāng)時(shí)機(jī)。在實(shí)踐的方面其具有保護(hù)社會(huì)弱勢群體權(quán)利的實(shí)際意義,是對(duì)改革開放以來我國社會(huì)貧富懸殊、兩極分化這個(gè)社會(huì)頑疾的一個(gè)診斷。 羅爾斯的差別原則是在當(dāng)時(shí)美國的貧富差距加大,極權(quán)主義和權(quán)利危機(jī)嚴(yán)重的社會(huì)背景下提出來的,在批評(píng)功利主義過分強(qiáng)調(diào)社會(huì)的總量而忽視人與人之間分配數(shù)量的基礎(chǔ)上他繼承了亞里士多德的分配正義理論和經(jīng)典的社會(huì)契約理論提出了自己的差別原則理論。 當(dāng)代中國同樣存在著種種的差別現(xiàn)狀,收入差別、城鄉(xiāng)差別、不同群體的待遇上的差別,甚至是制度設(shè)計(jì)上的差別。從理論和實(shí)踐兩個(gè)方面運(yùn)用歷史的和比較的方法,可獲知,雖然與美國當(dāng)時(shí)社會(huì)的差別有著不同的國情差異,與中西方社會(huì)發(fā)展史上的出現(xiàn)的差別狀況有著本質(zhì)的差別,但毫無疑問在法治建設(shè)下的當(dāng)代中國借鑒羅爾斯的差別原則,提出符合中國國情的差別理論有著重大的理論與實(shí)踐意義。
[Abstract]:The concept of difference existed in both China and the West before Rawls put forward the principle of difference, and its roots were long ago. This paper interprets the difference principle put forward by the American scholar Rawls from the angle of law, evaluates its historical position in theory and system, and tries to apply it to the field of law. In the aspect of theory, it has important enlightenment to the introduction of different ideas in the field of legal theory. In fact, in the process of the modernization of the rule of law, the formal equality is inadequate in the face of facts and norms. It is an appropriate time to define the "difference principle" from the perspective of jurisprudence. In the aspect of practice, it has the practical significance of protecting the rights of the social vulnerable groups, and is a diagnosis of the social malady of the disparity between the rich and the poor and the polarization of the society since the reform and opening up. Rawls' principle of distinction was put forward against the background of the widening gap between the rich and the poor, totalitarianism and a serious crisis of power in the United States at that time. On the basis of criticizing utilitarianism for over-emphasizing the total amount of society and neglecting the allocation amount between people, he inherited Aristotle's distributive justice theory and classical social contract theory and put forward his own difference principle theory. In contemporary China, there are also various differences, such as income difference, urban-rural difference, treatment difference of different groups, and even the difference in system design. By using historical and comparative methods in both theory and practice, we can see that although there are differences in national conditions from the social differences of the United States at that time, they are fundamentally different from the differences in the history of social development between China and the West. But there is no doubt that it is of great theoretical and practical significance for contemporary China to draw lessons from Rawls' difference principle under the construction of the rule of law and to put forward the difference theory in accordance with China's national conditions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類號(hào)】：D909.712

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 張衛(wèi)明;;羅爾斯“差別原則”的中國語境解讀[J];道德與文明;2006年03期

2 高園;對(duì)羅爾斯“差別原則”的評(píng)析[J];湖北社會(huì)科學(xué);2004年10期

3 韋志明;羅爾斯對(duì)功利主義批判的探析[J];廣西公安管理干部學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2003年02期

4 戴桂斌;羅爾斯的正義原則述評(píng)[J];河南大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(社科版);1998年03期

5 姚大志;羅爾斯正義理論的道德基礎(chǔ)[J];江海學(xué)刊;2002年02期

6 馬得勇;羅爾斯論平等與效率[J];科學(xué)·經(jīng)濟(jì)·社會(huì);2001年02期

7 鄭功成;中國民生的兩大主題:社會(huì)保障與促進(jìn)就業(yè)[J];理論探討;2004年05期

8 蔣先福;現(xiàn)代法治國家的邏輯構(gòu)想──社會(huì)契約論新論[J];法制與社會(huì)發(fā)展;1997年05期

9 宋月紅;論羅爾斯和諾齊克關(guān)于“差別原則”的認(rèn)識(shí)差異性[J];石油大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(社會(huì)科學(xué)版);1998年04期

10 姚大志;;平等:自由主義與社群主義[J];文史哲;2006年04期

，

本文編號(hào)：2174292