德國農(nóng)民養(yǎng)老保險法律制度的變遷及啟示
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-30 06:22
【摘要】： 農(nóng)村社會養(yǎng)老保險是農(nóng)村社會保障體系的重要組成部分,對于深化農(nóng)村改革,保障農(nóng)民利益、解除農(nóng)民后顧之憂和落實計劃生育基本國策、促進農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟發(fā)展和社會穩(wěn)定,都具有深遠意義。改革開放以來,我國農(nóng)村社會養(yǎng)老保險工作取得了相當大的成就,但制度本身的缺陷和農(nóng)村社會出現(xiàn)的新情況新問題,使我國新型農(nóng)民養(yǎng)老保險的構建面對極大的挑戰(zhàn)。而德國是世界上最早建立農(nóng)民養(yǎng)老保險制度的國家,經(jīng)過幾十年的運行,形成了有益的模式和良好的理念,因此,本文試圖從德國農(nóng)民養(yǎng)老保險法制度的歷史變遷入手,分析其特點、成因和效用,追尋農(nóng)民養(yǎng)老保險法制度運行的客觀規(guī)律,從中得到啟示,進而為探究構建適合中國國情的農(nóng)民養(yǎng)老保險法提供制度和理念借鑒。 本文共分四個部分： 第一部分是20世紀德國農(nóng)民養(yǎng)老保險法制度的建立。主要從背景、制度形成和效用三個方面對德國農(nóng)民養(yǎng)老保險法制度進行考察,得出的結論是,德國農(nóng)民養(yǎng)老保險法制度是在歐洲農(nóng)業(yè)一體化政策下,為解決農(nóng)業(yè)結構、保障老年農(nóng)民權益、提高農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)競爭力而推出的法律制度保障。 第二部分是20世紀德國農(nóng)民養(yǎng)老保險法制度的特點及成因探析。在歷史變遷中,20世紀德國農(nóng)民養(yǎng)老保險法制度形成以下特點：性質(zhì)上的強制和補充并用,價值上公平和效率兼顧,籌付上保障和社會效用并重,管理上統(tǒng)一和自治結合。這些特點的生成有賴于德國強大經(jīng)濟實力的保證,社會市場經(jīng)濟理論的引領,農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)營特許的要求和聯(lián)邦制國家體制的影響。 第三部分是新世紀德國農(nóng)民養(yǎng)老保險法制度的轉換。20世紀70年代以來,德國經(jīng)濟進入滯脹時期,政府財政負擔過重直接威脅農(nóng)民養(yǎng)老保險福利。加之,農(nóng)業(yè)人口老齡化加劇和農(nóng)村勞動力銳減負面沖擊農(nóng)民養(yǎng)老保險體制的有序運行,德國對農(nóng)民養(yǎng)老保險法制度進行了調(diào)整。調(diào)整后的農(nóng)民養(yǎng)老保險法制度有以下特點：籌付上,提高與降低并行；舉辦上,多元化并立,鼓勵農(nóng)民投保私人養(yǎng)老保險,以期實現(xiàn)農(nóng)民養(yǎng)老保障多元化支柱建設。 第四部分是完善我國農(nóng)民養(yǎng)老保險法律制度的建議。這一部分是在總結我國農(nóng)民養(yǎng)老保障法制度得失的基礎上,分析了我國現(xiàn)行農(nóng)民養(yǎng)老保險法制度存在的缺陷和面臨的困境。受德國農(nóng)民養(yǎng)老保險法制度的啟示,文章提出了建立和完善我國農(nóng)民養(yǎng)老保險制度的舉措：制定獨立《農(nóng)民養(yǎng)老保險法》；設計科學的農(nóng)民養(yǎng)老保障法制度；倡導家庭與社會并行養(yǎng)老法觀念。
[Abstract]:The rural social endowment insurance is an important part of the rural social security system. It can promote rural economic development and social stability by deepening rural reform, protecting farmers' interests, relieving peasants' worries and implementing the basic national policy of family planning. All have far-reaching significance. Since the reform and opening up, great achievements have been made in the rural social endowment insurance in our country, but the defects of the system itself and the new situation and new problems in the rural society make the construction of the new-type peasant old-age insurance in our country face great challenges. Germany is the first country in the world to establish the peasant old-age insurance system. After several decades of operation, it has formed a beneficial model and a good idea. Therefore, this paper attempts to start with the historical changes of the German peasant pension insurance law system. This paper analyzes its characteristics, causes and utility, pursues the objective law of peasant old-age insurance law system operation, obtains inspiration from it, and then provides the system and idea reference for exploring the construction of peasant old-age insurance law suitable for China's national conditions. This paper is divided into four parts: the first part is the establishment of German farmers pension insurance system in the 20 th century. Mainly from the background, institutional formation and effectiveness of the German farmers pension insurance system, the conclusion is that the German farmers pension insurance system is under the European agricultural integration policy, in order to solve the agricultural structure. To protect the rights and interests of the elderly farmers, and improve the competitiveness of agricultural production and the introduction of legal system protection. The second part is the 20 th century German farmers pension insurance system characteristics and causes. In the 20th century, the German peasant endowment insurance law system formed the following characteristics: compulsory and complementary in nature, fair and efficient in value, equal emphasis on security and social utility, unity of management and autonomy. The formation of these characteristics depends on the guarantee of Germany's strong economic strength, the guidance of the theory of social market economy, the demand of agricultural franchise and the influence of the federal state system. The third part is the transformation of the old-age insurance system of German farmers in the new century. Since the 1970s, the German economy has entered a stagflation period, and the excessive financial burden of the government directly threatens the welfare of the peasants' pension insurance. In addition, the aggravation of the agricultural population and the negative impact of the sharp reduction of rural labor force on the orderly operation of the rural old-age insurance system, Germany has adjusted the system of the farmers' old-age insurance law. The adjusted law system of peasants' endowment insurance has the following characteristics: raising the funds, raising them and lowering them; holding them together, encouraging farmers to take out private pension insurance, in order to realize the construction of diversified pillar of peasants' old-age security. The fourth part is to perfect our country farmer endowment insurance legal system suggestion. This part is on the basis of summing up the gain and loss of our country farmer endowment security law system, has analyzed our country present farmer endowment insurance law system existence flaw and the predicament which faces. Inspired by the German Peasants' Pension Insurance Law, the article puts forward some measures to establish and perfect the peasant old-age insurance system in our country: to formulate the independent Peasant Pension Insurance Law, to design the scientific peasant old-age insurance law system, and to design the scientific peasant old-age insurance law system. To advocate the concept of family and social parallel pension law.
【學位授予單位】：山西大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：D951.6;DD912.1
本文編號：2154084
[Abstract]:The rural social endowment insurance is an important part of the rural social security system. It can promote rural economic development and social stability by deepening rural reform, protecting farmers' interests, relieving peasants' worries and implementing the basic national policy of family planning. All have far-reaching significance. Since the reform and opening up, great achievements have been made in the rural social endowment insurance in our country, but the defects of the system itself and the new situation and new problems in the rural society make the construction of the new-type peasant old-age insurance in our country face great challenges. Germany is the first country in the world to establish the peasant old-age insurance system. After several decades of operation, it has formed a beneficial model and a good idea. Therefore, this paper attempts to start with the historical changes of the German peasant pension insurance law system. This paper analyzes its characteristics, causes and utility, pursues the objective law of peasant old-age insurance law system operation, obtains inspiration from it, and then provides the system and idea reference for exploring the construction of peasant old-age insurance law suitable for China's national conditions. This paper is divided into four parts: the first part is the establishment of German farmers pension insurance system in the 20 th century. Mainly from the background, institutional formation and effectiveness of the German farmers pension insurance system, the conclusion is that the German farmers pension insurance system is under the European agricultural integration policy, in order to solve the agricultural structure. To protect the rights and interests of the elderly farmers, and improve the competitiveness of agricultural production and the introduction of legal system protection. The second part is the 20 th century German farmers pension insurance system characteristics and causes. In the 20th century, the German peasant endowment insurance law system formed the following characteristics: compulsory and complementary in nature, fair and efficient in value, equal emphasis on security and social utility, unity of management and autonomy. The formation of these characteristics depends on the guarantee of Germany's strong economic strength, the guidance of the theory of social market economy, the demand of agricultural franchise and the influence of the federal state system. The third part is the transformation of the old-age insurance system of German farmers in the new century. Since the 1970s, the German economy has entered a stagflation period, and the excessive financial burden of the government directly threatens the welfare of the peasants' pension insurance. In addition, the aggravation of the agricultural population and the negative impact of the sharp reduction of rural labor force on the orderly operation of the rural old-age insurance system, Germany has adjusted the system of the farmers' old-age insurance law. The adjusted law system of peasants' endowment insurance has the following characteristics: raising the funds, raising them and lowering them; holding them together, encouraging farmers to take out private pension insurance, in order to realize the construction of diversified pillar of peasants' old-age security. The fourth part is to perfect our country farmer endowment insurance legal system suggestion. This part is on the basis of summing up the gain and loss of our country farmer endowment security law system, has analyzed our country present farmer endowment insurance law system existence flaw and the predicament which faces. Inspired by the German Peasants' Pension Insurance Law, the article puts forward some measures to establish and perfect the peasant old-age insurance system in our country: to formulate the independent Peasant Pension Insurance Law, to design the scientific peasant old-age insurance law system, and to design the scientific peasant old-age insurance law system. To advocate the concept of family and social parallel pension law.
【學位授予單位】：山西大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：D951.6;DD912.1
【引證文獻】
相關碩士學位論文 前2條
1 張峗;我國農(nóng)村社會養(yǎng)老保險問題研究[D];山東大學;2011年
2 聶春麗;完善新型農(nóng)村養(yǎng)老保險制度的法律思考[D];新疆財經(jīng)大學;2012年
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