本文選題：裕固族 + 環(huán)境保護(hù)��； 參考：《西北師范大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：面對少數(shù)民族地區(qū)生態(tài)環(huán)境的不斷惡化，大量的環(huán)境保護(hù)立法和普法活動并沒有從根本上解決層出不窮的生態(tài)環(huán)境問題。從國家立法層面來看，與環(huán)境保護(hù)有關(guān)的法律、法規(guī)以幾何數(shù)量不斷增加；從法律的實際運(yùn)行狀況來看，國家制定法都沒有得以很好實施。為了更好的保護(hù)對少數(shù)民族地區(qū)的環(huán)境，從而探究國家制定法之外的另一種法律傳統(tǒng)——少數(shù)民族環(huán)境保護(hù)習(xí)慣法在民族地區(qū)環(huán)境保護(hù)中的作用具有現(xiàn)實意義�；诖耍疚脑诜啥嘣碚撘暯窍拢栽９套暹@一少數(shù)民族為個案，對傳統(tǒng)裕固族環(huán)境保護(hù)法進(jìn)行研究。 通過查閱與裕固族有關(guān)的文獻(xiàn)和實地調(diào)查收集豐富的研究資料發(fā)現(xiàn)，產(chǎn)生于傳統(tǒng)游牧社會的裕固族環(huán)境保護(hù)習(xí)慣法，，是以調(diào)整民族成員的自然資源利用行為為指向，并因其特有的民族特色而在本民族內(nèi)部得以繼承和遵守，在民族內(nèi)部成員中具有強(qiáng)烈的認(rèn)同感和歸屬感，是該民族成員生態(tài)環(huán)境行為的軟約束機(jī)制。但是，隨著社會的變遷、國家力量在民族地區(qū)的介入，傳統(tǒng)裕固族環(huán)境保護(hù)習(xí)慣法也因其生存土壤的變遷而不斷變化，體現(xiàn)為“力量和脆弱性的悖論”：一方面，本民族成員對傳統(tǒng)環(huán)境保護(hù)的核心生態(tài)倫理價值予以繼承并在其生產(chǎn)、生活中依然發(fā)揮作用，具有較強(qiáng)的約束力；另一方面，隨著工業(yè)化、市場化的到來，裕固族環(huán)境保護(hù)習(xí)慣法展現(xiàn)出對現(xiàn)代生活行為方式的無能為力。 因此，在新的時代背景下，實現(xiàn)國家制定法與少數(shù)民族習(xí)慣法的調(diào)適，需要處理好法的統(tǒng)一性與多樣性、法的民族性與國家性、法的理性化三個問題，實現(xiàn)國家制定法與民族習(xí)慣法之間的相互協(xié)調(diào)與良性互動：一方面，用少數(shù)民族習(xí)慣法來補(bǔ)充國家制定法在環(huán)保功能上的不足，奠定國家制定法得以信仰和有效運(yùn)行的基礎(chǔ)；另一方面，以國家制定法強(qiáng)化少數(shù)民族環(huán)境保護(hù)習(xí)慣法擴(kuò)大民族環(huán)境保護(hù)習(xí)慣法在現(xiàn)代社會的效力范圍。
[Abstract]:In the face of the continuous deterioration of the ecological environment in minority areas, a large number of environmental protection legislation and legal popularization activities have not fundamentally solved the endless ecological environment problems. From the point of view of national legislation, the number of laws and regulations related to environmental protection is increasing, and from the actual operation of the law, the national laws have not been implemented very well. In order to better protect the environment of minority areas, it is of practical significance to explore the role of customary law of minority environmental protection in the environmental protection of minority areas. Based on this, this paper studies the traditional Yugur environmental protection law from the perspective of legal pluralism theory, taking Yugur minority as an example. Through consulting the literature related to Yugur nationality and collecting abundant research materials, it is found that the customary law of Yugur's environmental protection, which originated from the traditional nomadic society, is directed towards adjusting the natural resource utilization behavior of the members of the ethnic group. Because of its unique national characteristics, it can be inherited and obeyed within its own ethnic group, and has a strong sense of identity and belonging among the members of the ethnic group, which is the soft restraint mechanism of the ecological environmental behavior of the members of the ethnic group. However, with the change of the society and the intervention of the national power in the minority areas, the traditional Yugur customary law of environmental protection is also changing because of the change of its survival soil, which is embodied in the paradox of strength and vulnerability: on the one hand, The members of this nation inherit and produce the core ecological ethical values of traditional environmental protection, and still play a role in their daily life. On the other hand, with the advent of industrialization and marketization, The customary law of Yugur's environmental protection shows the powerlessness of modern life behavior. Therefore, in the context of the new era, to realize the adjustment of the national law and the customary law of ethnic minorities, we should deal with three problems: the unity and diversity of the law, the nationality and the national character of the law, and the rationalization of the law. To realize the mutual coordination and positive interaction between the national law and the national customary law: on the one hand, to supplement the deficiency of the national law in environmental protection with the customary law of the minority nationality, and to lay the foundation for the national law to be believed and operated effectively; On the other hand, we should strengthen the customary law of minority environmental protection by the state law and expand the scope of the national environmental protection customary law in the modern society.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：D922.68;D920.0

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本文編號：2115110