發(fā)布時間：2018-06-22 04:17

  本文選題：文化 + 法律文化��； 參考：《吉林大學》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著中國綜合國力的增強，國人希望在全球化日益發(fā)展的今天，能夠在世界民族之林找到自己獨一無二的價值歸屬。特別是近幾十年來，當我們研習西方法律體系與法律文化發(fā)展路徑的時候。這種對價值復歸的渴求日益明顯。因為，我們在學習西方的時候，越發(fā)感到西方的制度不能很好的在中國生根發(fā)芽。因此，我們要想很好的學習西方先進的制度與理念，一定要了解中西方傳統(tǒng)法律文化的發(fā)展路徑，分析各自不同的形成原因，才能在整合多元法律文化的時候做到有條不紊，有的放矢。比如，在中國大部分農村地區(qū)，為了避免親屬之間的矛盾，大部分的家長會選擇在他們還不是很年邁的時候就分家產(chǎn)。家中的男丁一般會得到比較多的財產(chǎn)份額。反過來，他們也承擔更多的對老人贍養(yǎng)的義務。有學者將其成為“附條件的贈與”，和家庭內部的契約關系有些相近。如果一旦出現(xiàn)了糾紛，通常會找家里面或者村里面德高望重的人來主持公道而不是訴諸法院。這個法律現(xiàn)象折射出兩個方面的問題，其一是在中國廣大的農村，自給自足的自然經(jīng)濟長期占主要地位。生活和工作方式很穩(wěn)定。人們自己種的糧食就可以滿足基本的生活供給，不必非要用交換的方式來謀生。因此，種植技術的掌握是第一關鍵。而這種需要大量經(jīng)驗才能培養(yǎng)出來的農耕知識，一般多由長者掌握，然后傳給自己的孩子們。這種自上而下的管理方式比較容易讓人們養(yǎng)成服從的思維方式或者性格特點。在這種環(huán)境下，人與人之間依附關系強，很難有獨立的人格。人們碰到了什么問題，第一反應也是找長輩討教而不是找法院。比較之下，西方由于單個國家（特指歐洲大陸）缺少自給自足的地理環(huán)境和農業(yè)產(chǎn)品，因此交換就變得異常重要，商業(yè)往來，互通有無。而商業(yè)往來的前提就是人與人的平等和獨立。因此，當糾紛出現(xiàn)的時候，他們需要訴諸一個無利害關系的第三方來進行調解。另一個重要的問題是，中國很多農村地區(qū)，，一個村落的人都是一個姓氏，證明其幾百年前都是一家人，由于這種強大的親屬關系.人們養(yǎng)成了厭訴的心理。因為訴訟是不符合中國傳統(tǒng)文化的主流價值觀的。儒家學派的創(chuàng)始人孔子主張“仁義禮智信”，強調“中庸”，用現(xiàn)在的話講就是和諧。如果有人輕易的打官司，就會被認為是異類，或者鐵石心腸的人，繼而四處碰壁，甚至失去社會生命。所以人們不到萬不得已的時候，是不會打官司的。在中國傳統(tǒng)法律實踐的歷史中，法律一般會在緊急情況下被當做一種工具，而不是一種生活方式。根據(jù)以上的分析，我們可以得到這樣的結論，一個國家的習俗和文化決定了其法律制度的衍生和運行。反過來講，一個國家或地區(qū)的法律體系也可以反應出其特有的認知理念、民族性格以及思維方式。因此，法律移植不是盲目的照搬西方的法律制度。我們需要做的是，首先了解中西方民族思維方式上的差異，然后對比分析中西法律文化的異同。接下來，我們需要分析思維方式和法治之間的關聯(lián)。只有通過這種方式才能有效地吸收西方法律文明中的適合我們的精華。完善我們的法治建設。 本文包括導言、正文、結語三個部分，其中正文由四部分構成。 導言以簡短的文字概述本文的寫作主旨。 正文第一部分法律文化的概述。分別介紹文化、法律文化的概念以及法律文化與法律傳統(tǒng)的關系。 正文第二部分將從結構方面法律文化的內涵和外延。 正文第三部分將按照法律文化的結構層次對中西傳統(tǒng)法律文化進行比較。 正文第四部分將是全文的升華階段，試圖提出如何完善我國法治建設的合理化建議。 結語對整篇文章進行了總結，對全文的框架內容進行了整理，呼應開頭。暢想中西法律文化融會貫通的壯麗景象。
[Abstract]:With the strengthening of China's comprehensive national strength, Chinese people hope to find their unique values in the world's forest of nationalities today. Especially in the past few decades, when we study the development path of the western legal system and the legal culture, the desire for the return of values is becoming increasingly obvious. In the study of the west, the more the western system is not very good to take root in China. Therefore, we want to learn the advanced western system and concept, we must understand the development path of the traditional legal culture in the West and the west, and analyze the different reasons for the formation of the different legal cultures. In most rural areas in China, for example, in order to avoid the contradiction between relatives, most parents will choose to divide their household products when they are not very old. The men in the family generally get a lot of property share. In turn, they also undertake more obligations to support the elderly. It is a "conditional gift", which is somewhat similar to the contractual relationship within the family. If a dispute occurs, it is usually found in the home or in the village to preside over the court rather than resort to the court. This legal phenomenon reflects two problems, one is in the vast countryside of China, self sufficiency. But the economy has long been the main position. The way of life and work is stable. People's own grain can meet the basic supply of life without having to make a living in the way of exchange. Therefore, the mastery of planting technology is the first key. This kind of top-down management makes it easier for people to form an obedient way of thinking or character. In this environment, there is a strong dependence between people, and it is difficult to have an independent personality. As a single country (especially the continent of Europe) lacks self-sufficient geographic and agricultural products, exchange becomes very important, commercial, and interrelated. The premise of business is equality and independence between people and people. So, when the dispute arises, he needs to resort to a third party of no interest. Mediation. Another important issue is that in many rural areas in China, a village is a family name, proving that it was a family for hundreds of years. Because of this strong kinship, people have developed the mentality of disapproval. Because the lawsuit is not in accordance with the main values of Chinese traditional culture. Confucius, the founder of the Confucian school, advocates "Benevolence and righteousness", emphasizing the doctrine of the doctrine of the doctrine of the mean, is harmonious in the present words. If someone makes a lawsuit easily, it will be regarded as an alien, or a man of heart and stone, and then go around the wall and even lose the life of the society. Law generally is used as a tool in an emergency, not a way of life. According to the above analysis, we can get the conclusion that the customs and culture of a country determine the derivation and operation of its legal system. In turn, the legal system of a country or region can also reflect its specific cognition. The idea, the national character and the way of thinking. Therefore, the legal transplant is not a blind copy of the western legal system. What we need to do is to first understand the differences in the way of thinking between the Chinese and the Western nations, and then compare and analyze the similarities and differences between the Chinese and western legal cultures. Only in this way can we effectively absorb the essence of western legal civilization and improve our rule of law.
This article consists of three parts, namely, introduction, text and epilogue, of which the body consists of four parts.
The introduction outlines the main thrust of this article in brief.
The first part is the outline of legal culture. It introduces the concept of culture, legal culture and the relationship between legal culture and legal tradition.
The second part of the text will focus on the connotation and denotation of legal culture from the aspect of structure.
The third part of the text will compare the traditional legal culture between China and the West according to the structural level of legal culture.
The fourth part of the text will be the distillation stage of the full text, trying to put forward how to perfect the rationalization proposal of our country's rule of law.
The conclusion summarizes the whole article, collate the contents of the full text, echo the beginning, and think about the magnificent sight of the integration of Chinese and western legal culture.
【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：D90-052

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前1條

1 劉進田;法律文化片論[J];法律科學-西北政法學院學報;1991年01期

本文編號：2051549