本文選題：民初 + 私擬憲法草案��； 參考：《中央民族大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】： 中華民國的成立具有劃時代的歷史意義,它宣告了中國封建時代的終結(jié)和民主共和國的建立。這一時期,法學(xué)家、政治家們乃至政黨紛紛獻計獻策,試圖以根本法形式鞏固這一新興共和國的地位。制定憲法作為民主政治建設(shè)的基礎(chǔ)性工程,在民國早期也成為令人矚目的政治運動。以民初社會現(xiàn)狀為依據(jù)制定的各類憲法種類繁多,部分私擬憲法草案對研究中華民國憲法史是一批彌足珍貴的原始資料,研究價值不言而喻。 民國初期各省軍閥獨霸一方,這種局面一直延續(xù)到南京國民政府成立,如何調(diào)整好中央與地方關(guān)系也成為制憲中的重要議題,在現(xiàn)有條件下以最權(quán)威的手段來解決中央與地方關(guān)系是當(dāng)時各政黨和政界人士所共同關(guān)注的,人們清楚地認識到正確處理中央與地方關(guān)系是國家實行縱向權(quán)力管理面臨的一項長期任務(wù)。因此,在這些私擬憲法草案中對于中央地方關(guān)系的設(shè)置,體現(xiàn)出了當(dāng)時的社會動態(tài)與社會各界的政治態(tài)度。因此本文主要是基于這一歷史背景,在憲法學(xué)層面上以民國1912年-1913年的“私擬憲法草案”為依據(jù),探討了民國初年中央與地方關(guān)系問題。對這些憲法草案的研究有助于認識民國這一特定歷史階段中的憲法發(fā)展,有助于深入了解中國的國情,特別是有助于幫助我們深入分析今天人們對處理中央地方關(guān)系的問題方案的選擇。因此全文共分為五個部分： 第一部分主要對民國初年“私擬憲法草案”進行詳細的梳理分析。首先總結(jié)“私擬憲法草案”的含義及基本情況,對草案的發(fā)表與起草人進行分類介紹；其次分析“私擬憲法草案”出現(xiàn)的社會歷史背景,著重說明這些背景對擬憲者制定憲法的思路和方向產(chǎn)生了巨大的作用。 第二部分主要闡述“私擬憲法草案”中有關(guān)中央地方關(guān)系的規(guī)定及其焦點問題。首先理清憲法中中央與地方關(guān)系涉及哪些方面,以此來明確文章對民初私擬憲草的研究從中央與地方關(guān)系模式的角度展開；其次對憲草的相關(guān)內(nèi)容進行詳細的整理,并分析總結(jié)其體現(xiàn)出來的焦點問題。 第三部分著重闡述了影響“私擬憲法草案”有關(guān)中央與地方關(guān)系條款設(shè)定的因素。首先是國內(nèi)地方主義與聯(lián)邦思想等交互因素；其次是國外律的引進和擬憲者倡導(dǎo)法律西化的因素。 第四部分分析了“私擬憲法草案”反映出的民初中央與地方關(guān)系特點。主要體現(xiàn)在中央與地方關(guān)系、地方分權(quán)與中央集權(quán)等方面。 第五部分重點在于“私擬憲法草案”中關(guān)于中央地方關(guān)系設(shè)定的歷史意義與社會影響力。首先是總結(jié)出擬定這種憲法草案的歷史意義何在；其次是對當(dāng)時社會的影響,文章著重討論對天壇憲草的影響和對聯(lián)省自治運動的影響。
[Abstract]:The founding of the Republic of China has epoch-making historical significance, it declared the end of the feudal era of China and the establishment of a democratic republic. During this period, jurists, politicians and even political parties offered suggestions to consolidate the status of this new republic. Constitution-making, as the basic project of democratic political construction, also became a remarkable political movement in the early period of the Republic of China. There are many kinds of constitutions based on the current situation of the society in the early Republic of China. Part of the private draft constitution is a group of precious raw materials for the study of the history of the Constitution of the Republic of China, and the research value is self-evident. In the early period of the Republic of China, the warlords of various provinces dominated one side alone. This situation continued until the establishment of the Nanjing National Government. How to adjust the relations between the central and local governments also became an important issue in the constitution of the Constitution. The most authoritative means to resolve the relationship between the central and local governments under existing conditions was the common concern of all political parties and politicians at that time. People clearly realize that correctly dealing with the relationship between central and local authorities is a long-term task for the state to carry out vertical power management. Therefore, the establishment of the relationship between the central and local governments in these private draft constitutions reflects the social dynamics and the political attitude of all walks of life at that time. Therefore, based on this historical background, this paper discusses the relationship between the central and local governments in the early years of the Republic of China on the basis of the Private draft of the Constitution from 1912 to 1913 of the Republic of China. The study of these draft constitutions will help to understand the constitutional development in this particular historical stage of the Republic of China and help to understand China's national conditions in depth. In particular, it helps us to analyze in depth today's options for dealing with issues related to central and local relations. Therefore, the paper is divided into five parts: the first part mainly analyzes the Private draft Constitution in the early Republic of China. First of all, it summarizes the meaning and basic situation of "Private draft Constitution", classifies the publication and drafters of the draft, and then analyzes the social and historical background of the emergence of "Private draft Constitution". It is emphasized that these backgrounds play an important role in constitutionalism. The second part mainly expounds the central-local relation and its focal point in the Private draft Constitution. First of all, to clarify the constitutional relationship between the central and local aspects, so as to clarify the study of the draft constitution in the early Republic of China from the perspective of the relationship between the central and local; secondly, the relevant content of the constitutional draft is sorted out in detail. And analyzes and summarizes its embodiment of the focus of the problem. The third part focuses on the factors that influence the setting of the articles on the relationship between the central and local governments in the Private draft Constitution. The first is the interaction between domestic localism and federalism, and the second is the introduction of foreign laws and the westernization of laws advocated by the constitutionalists. The fourth part analyzes the characteristics of the relationship between central and local government reflected in Private draft Constitution. Mainly reflected in the central and local relations, decentralization and centralization of power and other aspects. The fifth part focuses on the historical significance and social influence of the establishment of central and local relations in Private draft Constitution. The first is to summarize the historical significance of drawing up this kind of draft constitution, and the second is the influence on the society at that time. This paper mainly discusses the influence on Temple of Heaven constitution and the influence on the autonomous movement of the province.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中央民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：D929;D921

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前7條

1 王曉杰;略論中國憲法權(quán)利思想的缺失——從比較法的視角[J];甘肅理論學(xué)刊;2003年04期

2 黃世楚,李彬;近年來中央與地方關(guān)系研究綜述[J];湖北大學(xué)學(xué)報(哲學(xué)社會科學(xué)版);2001年02期

3 張緊跟;淺論中央與地方關(guān)系的法治化[J];江西行政學(xué)院學(xué)報;2002年02期

4 潘小娟;中央與地方關(guān)系的若干思考[J];政治學(xué)研究;1997年03期

5 楊小云;論我國中央與地方關(guān)系的改革[J];政治學(xué)研究;1997年03期

6 楊小云;論新中國建立以來中國共產(chǎn)黨處理中央與地方關(guān)系的歷史經(jīng)驗[J];政治學(xué)研究;2001年02期

7 郭為桂;中央與地方關(guān)系50年略考:體制變遷的視角[J];中共福建省委黨校學(xué)報;2000年03期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前6條

1 孫亞妹;論我國中央與地方稅收立法權(quán)限的合理劃分[D];東北財經(jīng)大學(xué);2002年

2 路常青;中國近代憲政運動的歷史演進及當(dāng)代中國憲政建設(shè)平臺的構(gòu)建[D];東北師范大學(xué);2004年

3 孫伯強;論我國政府主導(dǎo)型制度變遷及其轉(zhuǎn)變[D];鄭州大學(xué);2004年

4 夏天;中國中央與地方關(guān)系改革的研究[D];華東師范大學(xué);2006年

5 何君;我國中央與地方關(guān)系之探討[D];中國政法大學(xué);2006年

6 陳靜;中西方地方政府制度改革之比較研究[D];四川大學(xué);2006年

，

本文編號：2028973