本文選題：法制現(xiàn)代化 + 歷史　； 參考：《西華大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：1840年鴉片戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)至20世紀(jì)末，隨著西方列強(qiáng)的入侵，西方法律文化也隨之沖擊著中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)法律文化。在這一階段，清末預(yù)備立憲和清末修律成為了中國(guó)法制現(xiàn)代化的開端，開啟了中國(guó)法制現(xiàn)代化的進(jìn)程。1911年辛亥革命后的民國(guó)時(shí)代對(duì)法制現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)行了初步探索。1949年新中國(guó)成立，中國(guó)新型法制得以創(chuàng)建，，為中國(guó)的法制建設(shè)打下了良好的基礎(chǔ)。1978年改革開放后，在現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的推動(dòng)下，中國(guó)法制現(xiàn)代化得以重新起步，并在此后得到了全面發(fā)展。 在回顧歷史的過(guò)程中，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，中國(guó)法制現(xiàn)代化有諸多的動(dòng)因，其中主要的動(dòng)因有：政治動(dòng)因、經(jīng)濟(jì)動(dòng)因和法文化動(dòng)因。其中，政治制度的變革和政治民主化的推進(jìn)對(duì)中國(guó)法制現(xiàn)代化起著最直接的影響。經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展和經(jīng)濟(jì)體制的變革起著極為重要的推動(dòng)作用。西方法律文化對(duì)中國(guó)法制現(xiàn)代化起著初始性的推動(dòng)作用，而中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)法文化對(duì)中國(guó)法制現(xiàn)代化起著啟動(dòng)與阻滯的雙重作用。 在中國(guó)法制現(xiàn)代化發(fā)展的進(jìn)程中，顯現(xiàn)出了幾個(gè)維度的基本趨向：從法制現(xiàn)代化最初的動(dòng)力來(lái)源為尺度，呈現(xiàn)出外發(fā)型到內(nèi)發(fā)型發(fā)展的趨勢(shì)；以法制現(xiàn)代化過(guò)程中的推動(dòng)力量為尺度，呈現(xiàn)出從政府推進(jìn)到社會(huì)演進(jìn)發(fā)展的趨勢(shì)；以法律在社會(huì)中的地位為尺度，呈現(xiàn)出從人治到法治發(fā)展的趨勢(shì)；以“權(quán)利和義務(wù)，何者為重心”為標(biāo)尺，呈現(xiàn)出從義務(wù)本位到權(quán)利本位發(fā)展的趨勢(shì)；最后，以法制現(xiàn)代化的形式標(biāo)準(zhǔn)為尺度，呈現(xiàn)出從反形式化到法律形式化發(fā)展的趨勢(shì)。 當(dāng)前，在推進(jìn)中國(guó)法制現(xiàn)代化的進(jìn)程中還存在一些問(wèn)題，比如：國(guó)家現(xiàn)代化程度不理想、傳統(tǒng)國(guó)家政治體系的不足、現(xiàn)代法制理念的缺失和法律運(yùn)行存在問(wèn)題。對(duì)此，我們必須從提高國(guó)家現(xiàn)代化水平、推進(jìn)國(guó)家治理體系和治理能力現(xiàn)代化、加強(qiáng)社會(huì)主義法治理念教育和規(guī)范法律運(yùn)行機(jī)制等方式來(lái)推進(jìn)中國(guó)法制現(xiàn)代化的進(jìn)程。
[Abstract]:From the Opium War of 1840 to the end of the 20th century, with the invasion of Western powers, the western legal culture also impacted the traditional Chinese legal culture. At this stage, the preparatory constitution of the late Qing Dynasty and the law revision of the late Qing Dynasty became the beginning of the modernization of China's legal system, which began the process of the modernization of the Chinese legal system. The era of the Republic of China after the 1911 Revolution made a preliminary exploration of the modernization of the legal system, and the founding of New China in 1949. China's new legal system was established, which laid a good foundation for China's legal construction. After the reform and opening up in 1978, under the impetus of modernization, the modernization of China's legal system has been re-started, and has been fully developed since then. In the course of reviewing the history, it is not difficult to find that there are many reasons for the modernization of China's legal system, among which the main ones are: political, economic and legal and cultural. Among them, the reform of political system and the promotion of political democratization have the most direct influence on the modernization of Chinese legal system. The development of economy and the reform of economic system play an extremely important role in promoting. Western legal culture plays an initial role in promoting the modernization of China's legal system, while Chinese traditional legal culture plays a dual role of starting and blocking the modernization of China's legal system. In the process of the development of China's legal system modernization, the basic trends of several dimensions are shown: from the initial power source of the legal modernization as the yardstick, it presents the trend of the development of the external hairstyle to the internal hairstyle; Taking the driving force in the process of modernization of legal system as the yardstick, showing the trend of development from government to society, taking the position of law in society as the yardstick, showing the trend of development from the rule of man to the rule of law. What is the center of gravity "as the yardstick, showing the development trend from the obligation standard to the right standard, and finally, taking the formal standard of the legal system modernization as the yardstick, showing the trend from the anti-formalization to the legal formalization." At present, there are still some problems in the process of promoting the modernization of China's legal system, such as: the degree of national modernization is not ideal, the traditional national political system is insufficient, the modern legal concept is lacking and the law is running. Therefore, we must promote the modernization of China's legal system by raising the level of national modernization, promoting the modernization of the country's governance system and ability, strengthening the education of socialist legal concept and standardizing the mechanism of legal operation, and so on.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D920.0

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