本文選題：不正當(dāng)影響 + 意思表示　； 參考：《湖南師范大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】： 不正當(dāng)影響制度起源于英國的衡平法,它作為意思表示瑕疵制度中的一種,其目的主要在于為合同一方因受心理或精神上的壓力而與對方簽訂合同或者因薄弱的意志、懦弱的體質(zhì)、精神上的痛楚使自主抉擇能力受到影響而簽訂合同的情形提供一種法律上的救濟(jì)途徑。 不正當(dāng)影響制度在英美法系國家發(fā)展地已相當(dāng)成熟,特別是在英國與美國,且兩國對于不正當(dāng)影響都有自己的認(rèn)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。而在大陸法系除荷蘭有明確規(guī)定外其它大多數(shù)國家都只作了類似的規(guī)定,如德國的“暴利”制度,法國的“欺詐”制度。我國受大陸法系的影響較大,也沒有對不正當(dāng)影響進(jìn)行規(guī)定。但是,現(xiàn)實(shí)與理論表明,我國完全有必要構(gòu)建這一制度。首先,從現(xiàn)實(shí)上來講,我國的社會關(guān)系紛繁復(fù)雜,社會專業(yè)化發(fā)展迅速,市場交易行為也不夠規(guī)范,所以不正當(dāng)影響制度在我國有存在的現(xiàn)實(shí)依據(jù)。其次,從理論上來講,我國的意思表示瑕疵制度包括了欺詐、脅迫、乘人之危、重大誤解、顯失公平,但是都不能涵蓋不正當(dāng)影響所能發(fā)揮的作用。所以,不正當(dāng)影響制度在我國也有存在的理論依據(jù)。我國在構(gòu)建這一制度的過程中,可根據(jù)我國的國情與立法現(xiàn)狀適當(dāng)吸收英美國家對于這一制度的精髓。同時(shí),在這一過程中也應(yīng)該清醒認(rèn)識到,不正當(dāng)影響制度如果適用得當(dāng),則它不僅可以維護(hù)合同的正義也可維護(hù)交易的安全,從而促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,但如果適用不當(dāng),則只會反其向而行,不僅不會促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,反倒會阻礙經(jīng)濟(jì)的健康運(yùn)行。所以,我國在構(gòu)建不正當(dāng)影響制度時(shí)也應(yīng)該注意對其進(jìn)行立法規(guī)制,以防止濫用的情形發(fā)生。
[Abstract]:The system of improper influence originates from the equity of England, as one of the systems of defects in the expression of will, the main purpose of which is to sign a contract with the other party or because of weak will because of psychological or mental pressure. Cowardly constitution, mental pain affects the ability of independent choice and the signing of contract provides a legal remedy. The system of improper influence has matured in Anglo-American law countries, especially in the United Kingdom and the United States, and both countries have their own standards for improper influence. In the civil law system, except for the Netherlands, most countries only made similar provisions, such as Germany's system of "profiteering" and France's system of "fraud". Our country is influenced by the civil law system greatly, also has not carried on the stipulation to the improper influence. However, reality and theory show that it is absolutely necessary to construct this system in our country. First of all, in reality, the social relations of our country are complicated, the social specialization develops rapidly, the market transaction behavior is not standardized, so the system of improper influence has the realistic basis in our country. Secondly, theoretically speaking, the defective system of expression of intention in our country includes fraud, coercion, taking advantage of others' danger, major misunderstandings and obvious inequity, but they can not cover the role that improper influence can play. Therefore, the system of improper influence in China also has a theoretical basis. In the process of constructing this system, we can absorb the essence of this system in Anglo-American countries according to our national conditions and legislative status. At the same time, it should be soberly realized in this process that if the system of improper influence is properly applied, it can not only maintain the justice of the contract but also the security of the transaction, thus promoting the development of the economy, but if it is not applied properly, Instead of promoting economic development, it will hinder the healthy operation of the economy. Therefore, in order to prevent abuse, our country should also pay attention to the legislative regulation of improper influence system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：D920.0

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 牟利凈;論英美法系的不正當(dāng)影響制度[D];蘇州大學(xué);2011年

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本文編號：1973350