本文選題：代孕　切入點(diǎn)：倫理價(jià)值　出處：《廣州中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】： 代孕對人類原有的社會倫理觀念產(chǎn)生了巨大的沖擊,以社會的倫理界限為尺度,建立完善的法制體系加以調(diào)控,使代孕技術(shù)更多的發(fā)揮其積極作用,避免其消極作用,是當(dāng)今生命法學(xué)研究的難點(diǎn)與重點(diǎn)問題。本文通過揭示代孕與傳統(tǒng)倫理的沖突,運(yùn)用倫理的協(xié)調(diào)規(guī)范功能,力圖找到社會能夠容納代孕的平衡點(diǎn),并探討了代孕倫理價(jià)值評價(jià)體系的構(gòu)建,從倫理方面規(guī)范代孕行為,從而促使該項(xiàng)技術(shù)健康發(fā)展。 本論文內(nèi)容主要由四部分組成：第一部分主要介紹了代孕的現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展。首先對代孕的概念、分類進(jìn)行了界定,并概述了目前國內(nèi)外的代孕現(xiàn)狀及發(fā)展趨勢。第二部分分析了代孕與傳統(tǒng)生命生殖思想觀念的矛盾及引發(fā)的社會倫理問題。第三部分分析了代孕的價(jià)值。第四部分對代孕的倫理爭議做了分析并在此基礎(chǔ)上提出代孕倫理價(jià)值評價(jià)體的構(gòu)建。 本文主要創(chuàng)新觀點(diǎn)在第三、第四部分。第三部分分別從自由、正義和人權(quán)的角度對代孕行為的合理性進(jìn)行了論證。筆者認(rèn)為自由是關(guān)于人的存在的最根本理念,一個有自由的社會,首先就在于作為其成員的每一個公民擁有自由。公民究竟選擇何種生殖方式,這是公民個人的自由選擇權(quán)利。代孕盡管有其特殊性,但是鑒于其是一種特殊的生殖方式,就公民個人由于一些特殊理由而自愿選擇這種生命生殖方式時,并不能說這種權(quán)利本身不能成立,也不能說這種權(quán)利的行使要求完全不合理。同時,筆者也認(rèn)為正義是個范圍很廣的概念,存在著多種正義而不是一種正義。正義不僅是目的的正義,而且也包括手段的正義。代孕不是人們追求的目的,而是人們用來達(dá)到目的的手段,從這個角度講,代孕是一種“手段正義”,一種“外在正義”。另外,人權(quán)是人們的基本權(quán)利,是每個人都享有的,生育權(quán)是人權(quán)的一種,沒有生育能力并不意味著沒有生育權(quán),生育權(quán)的內(nèi)容之一即為生育方式的選擇權(quán),不孕夫婦既然享有生育權(quán),那么他們就有權(quán)以代孕方式生育。 文章的第四部分對代孕的倫理爭議進(jìn)行了分析,認(rèn)為爭議的實(shí)質(zhì)是現(xiàn)代技術(shù)與倫理道德的沖突。在現(xiàn)代社會,倫理的功能在于提供一種行為的依據(jù)。但生命領(lǐng)域內(nèi)所凸顯的倫理問題是紛繁復(fù)雜的,因?yàn)樗鼈兩婕暗蕉喾N價(jià)值,而且不同的價(jià)值之間可能會有矛盾和沖突。筆者認(rèn)為在評價(jià)生命倫理的時候,自由是首要的原則,其次是公平正義。在這兩個基本原則下,按照不同的情況可以衍生出其他的原則。具體到代孕的評價(jià)上,具體可分為行善原則、自主和尊重原則、公正和不傷害原則、有限使用原則和非商業(yè)化原則。
[Abstract]:Surrogacy has had a great impact on the original social ethics concept of mankind. Taking the social ethical boundary as the yardstick, we should establish a perfect legal system to regulate it, so that surrogacy technology can play a more active role and avoid its negative role.It is a difficult and important problem in the study of life law.By revealing the conflict between surrogacy and traditional ethics, using the harmonious and normative function of ethics, this paper tries to find out the balance point that the society can accommodate surrogacy, and probes into the construction of the evaluation system of ethics value of surrogacy, and standardizes the surrogacy behavior from the ethics aspect.In order to promote the healthy development of the technology.This thesis consists of four parts: the first part mainly introduces the present situation and development of surrogacy.Firstly, the concept and classification of surrogacy are defined, and the present situation and development trend of surrogacy at home and abroad are summarized.The second part analyzes the contradiction between surrogacy and traditional life and reproduction ideas and the social ethical problems.The third part analyzes the value of surrogate pregnancy.The fourth part analyzes the ethics dispute of surrogacy and puts forward the construction of ethical value evaluation body of surrogate pregnancy.The main innovative viewpoints of this paper are in the third and fourth parts.The third part demonstrates the rationality of surrogacy from the angle of freedom, justice and human rights.The author holds that freedom is the most fundamental idea about the existence of human beings. A free society lies first in the freedom of every citizen who is a member of it.It is the individual's right to choose what kind of reproduction way citizens choose.In spite of its particularity, surrogacy, in view of its special reproductive nature, cannot be said to be untenable in itself when individual citizens voluntarily choose this mode of life and reproduction for special reasons,Nor can it be said that the exercise of this right is totally unreasonable.At the same time, I also think that justice is a broad concept, there are a variety of justice rather than a kind of justice.Justice is not only the justice of the end, but also the justice of the means.Surrogate pregnancy is not the aim that people pursue, but the means that people use to reach the end. From this angle, surrogate pregnancy is a kind of "means justice", a kind of "external justice".In addition, human rights are the basic rights of people and are enjoyed by everyone. Reproductive rights are a kind of human rights. Having no reproductive capacity does not mean that there is no reproductive right. One of the contents of reproductive rights is the choice of the way of reproduction.Since infertile couples have the right to bear children, they have the right to surrogate pregnancy.The fourth part analyzes the ethics dispute of surrogacy and thinks that the essence of the dispute is the conflict between modern technology and ethics.In modern society, the function of ethics is to provide a basis for behavior.However, the ethical problems in the field of life are complicated, because they involve a variety of values, and there may be contradictions and conflicts between different values.The author thinks that when evaluating bioethics, freedom is the first principle, followed by fairness and justice.In these two basic principles, according to different circumstances can be derived from other principles.On the evaluation of surrogate pregnancy, it can be divided into the principle of doing good, the principle of autonomy and respect, the principle of justice and no harm, the principle of limited use and the principle of non-commercialization.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣州中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：D90-05

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 鄭雪;論代孕的合法化與制度構(gòu)建[D];吉林大學(xué);2012年

2 劉偉華;代孕合法化問題研究[D];長春工業(yè)大學(xué);2013年

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本文編號：1729616