本文選題：典權(quán)　切入點(diǎn)：法律傳統(tǒng)　出處：《河南大學(xué)》2009年碩士論文

【摘要】： 本文主要是以民國(guó)時(shí)期的典權(quán)制度作為研究對(duì)象。典權(quán)制度是中國(guó)所特有的傳統(tǒng)財(cái)產(chǎn)法律制度,具有中華法系固有法律傳統(tǒng)的特征。從典權(quán)制度的產(chǎn)生,發(fā)展,到最后的完善,幾經(jīng)周折。特別是民國(guó)時(shí)期對(duì)典權(quán)制度的改造,在吸收西方民法理論中積極因素的同時(shí),尊重和保留典權(quán)制度中符合中國(guó)特色的法律傳統(tǒng),使典權(quán)這一富有中國(guó)特色的優(yōu)秀制度重新煥發(fā)了生命力。 除引言和結(jié)語(yǔ)外,整篇文章分為四部分: 第一部分主要介紹了典權(quán)的概念和性質(zhì),分析了典權(quán)制度產(chǎn)生的社會(huì)原因,并把典權(quán)制度與其他幾個(gè)與之相類似的法律制度進(jìn)行比較,來(lái)說(shuō)明典權(quán)性質(zhì)的特殊性。 第二部分介紹了民國(guó)以前典權(quán)制度的發(fā)展史。典權(quán)從西漢時(shí)期在民間開始出現(xiàn),經(jīng)隋、唐時(shí)期的發(fā)展,到了宋代正式入律。隨著明清時(shí)期商品經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,法律對(duì)典權(quán)制度的規(guī)定也越來(lái)越細(xì)致。清末修律時(shí)期,由于清政府把典權(quán)制度誤認(rèn)為日本民法中的不動(dòng)產(chǎn)質(zhì)權(quán),典權(quán)制度在法律上出現(xiàn)了暫時(shí)的迷失。 第三部分重點(diǎn)論述了民國(guó)時(shí)期典權(quán)制度在法律上是如何被重新確立和完善的。由于清末修律時(shí)典權(quán)制度的迷失產(chǎn)生了一些消極后果,因此,在民國(guó)時(shí)期,北京政府和南京政府在制定民法時(shí)對(duì)典權(quán)制度進(jìn)行了再認(rèn)識(shí),重新在民法物權(quán)篇中設(shè)置了典權(quán)制度。民國(guó)北京政府進(jìn)行了一次規(guī)模空前的民事習(xí)慣調(diào)查,為制定民法典奠定了良好的基礎(chǔ)。在編撰民法典的過(guò)程中,典權(quán)制度的制定借鑒了合理的民事習(xí)慣,改造了不符合社會(huì)發(fā)展的典權(quán)習(xí)慣。在法律與民事習(xí)慣的博弈中,典權(quán)制度得到了不斷的完善。 第四部分主要論述了民國(guó)典權(quán)制度對(duì)當(dāng)代中國(guó)民法的影響,并揭示出典權(quán)制度的本身所體現(xiàn)的民族精神,從中思考如何正確對(duì)待民族固有的法律傳統(tǒng)的問(wèn)題。 從《大清民律草案》中典權(quán)制度的迷失,到《民國(guó)民律草案》中典權(quán)的復(fù)歸,再到《中華民國(guó)民法》中典權(quán)制度的漸趨完善,典權(quán)制度的發(fā)展,典權(quán)制度曲折的歷史表明:在制定法律的過(guò)程中,不僅需要移植和借鑒國(guó)外先進(jìn)的法律制度和法律文化,更需要尊重和繼受中國(guó)優(yōu)秀的法律傳統(tǒng)和法律資源。
[Abstract]:This article mainly takes the pawn right system of the Republic of China as the research object.Pawn right system is a special traditional property legal system in China, which has the characteristics of Chinese legal system.From the emergence and development of pawning right system to the final perfection, there have been many twists and turns.Especially in the period of the Republic of China, the reform of the pawn right system, while absorbing the positive factors in the western civil law theory, respects and preserves the legal tradition of the pawning right system which conforms to the Chinese characteristics.So that the pawn right, a rich Chinese characteristics of the excellent system of fresh vitality.In addition to the introduction and conclusion, the whole article is divided into four parts:The first part mainly introduces the concept and nature of pawning right, analyzes the social reasons for the emergence of pawn right system, and compares pawn right system with other similar legal systems to explain the particularity of pawn right.The second part introduces the history of the pawn right system before the Republic of China.The power of pawning began to appear in the folk during the Western Han Dynasty, after the development of Sui and Tang dynasties, to the Song Dynasty.With the development of commodity economy in Ming and Qing dynasties, the regulations of pawn right system are more and more detailed.In the late Qing Dynasty, because the Qing government mistook the pawning right system as the immovable property pledge right in the Japanese civil law, the pawning right system appeared temporarily lost in the law.The third part focuses on how the pawn right system was re-established and perfected in the Republic of China.Because of the loss of the pawn right system in the late Qing Dynasty, during the period of the Republic of China, the Beijing government and the Nanjing government reunderstood the pawn right system in the formulation of the civil law, and set up the pawn right system in the real right chapter of the civil law again.The Beijing government of the Republic of China carried out a civil custom survey of unprecedented scale, which laid a good foundation for the formulation of civil code.In the process of compiling civil code, the establishment of pawn right system draws lessons from reasonable civil custom and transforms the custom of pawn right which does not accord with the development of society.In the game of law and civil custom, pawn right system has been continuously improved.The fourth part mainly discusses the influence of the Republic of China's pawning right system on the contemporary Chinese civil law, and reveals the national spirit embodied in the pawning right system itself, from which to think about how to deal with the national inherent legal tradition correctly.From the loss of pawning right system in the draft of the Civil Law of the Qing Dynasty to the return of the pawning right in the draft Law of the Republic of China, to the gradual improvement of the pawning right system in the Civil Law of the Republic of China, the development of the pawn right system.The tortuous history of pawn right system shows that in the process of making laws, it is necessary not only to transplant and draw lessons from foreign advanced legal systems and cultures, but also to respect and continue to receive China's outstanding legal traditions and legal resources.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類號(hào)】：D923;D929

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