發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-05 21:18

  本文選題：法律實(shí)效　切入點(diǎn)：法律多元　出處：《遼寧師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：法律實(shí)效作為法學(xué)理論的基本問題之一，它所關(guān)注的是法律在實(shí)施過程中的實(shí)際運(yùn)行狀況和效果。盡管我國社會(huì)主義法律體系已經(jīng)基本形成，“有法可依”的法治目標(biāo)也已普遍確立，但我國法律實(shí)效缺失的現(xiàn)象卻仍舊令人堪憂。通過文獻(xiàn)檢索，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)法律實(shí)效問題一直受諸多法學(xué)學(xué)者的關(guān)注。由于眾多學(xué)者往往是以國家法為研究對(duì)象的一元視角去探究法律實(shí)效問題，而忽略了國家法之外的其它社會(huì)規(guī)范的重要作用。因此，本文是在借鑒前人豐富理論成果的基礎(chǔ)上，以法律多元為視角界定法律實(shí)效的科學(xué)內(nèi)涵，探究國家法與民間法之間的既存關(guān)系，進(jìn)而描述和分析我國法律實(shí)效的現(xiàn)狀及其影響因素，，并力圖提出增強(qiáng)法律實(shí)效的有效途徑。 全文共分為六個(gè)部分，開篇引言部分提出我國法律實(shí)效缺失的問題及研究法律實(shí)效對(duì)我國法治建設(shè)的理論意義和實(shí)踐意義。除引言和結(jié)語，文章分為四部分。 第一部分是介紹法律多元和法律實(shí)效理論，確立二者間的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)，一方面對(duì)法律多元有一個(gè)基本認(rèn)識(shí)，另一方面對(duì)法律實(shí)效的概念進(jìn)行重新界定，構(gòu)造一種以法律多元為視角分析實(shí)效問題的框架。第二部分和第三部分也是本文的核心，分析我國法律實(shí)效現(xiàn)狀，首先就要確立法律實(shí)效的評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和評(píng)價(jià)方法，筆者是在文獻(xiàn)綜述的基礎(chǔ)上，提出了以不同評(píng)判主體為基礎(chǔ)的內(nèi)在和外在兩種評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及量化指標(biāo)，同時(shí)筆者運(yùn)用角色分析法、系統(tǒng)論分析法和法律經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)分析法，對(duì)我國法律實(shí)效問題進(jìn)行探究。在此基礎(chǔ)上，筆者主要是通過對(duì)國家法和民間法之間的既存關(guān)系進(jìn)行研究，進(jìn)一步評(píng)價(jià)我國目前的法律實(shí)效現(xiàn)狀，并對(duì)我國法律實(shí)效缺失的影響因素進(jìn)行了歸納和總結(jié)，進(jìn)而提出了三種主要影響因素，包括利益、習(xí)慣、主體。第四部分在總結(jié)原因的基礎(chǔ)上，力圖從立法、執(zhí)法、司法、守法、法律監(jiān)督五個(gè)方面提出增強(qiáng)法律實(shí)效的途徑。文章在最后結(jié)語部分再次強(qiáng)調(diào)法律實(shí)效的研究對(duì)我國社會(huì)主義法治建設(shè)的重要意義，同時(shí)希望能有更多的學(xué)者投入到法律實(shí)效問題的研究中，不斷豐富相關(guān)理論知識(shí)，更好地指導(dǎo)法律實(shí)踐。
[Abstract]:As one of the basic problems in the theory of law, the effectiveness of law is concerned with the actual operation and effect of law in the process of implementation.Although the socialist legal system of our country has been basically formed and the rule of law goal of "having laws to abide by" has been generally established, the phenomenon of the absence of legal effectiveness in our country is still worrisome.Through literature retrieval, it is not difficult to find that the problem of legal effectiveness has been concerned by many law scholars.Because many scholars often take the national law as the object of study to explore the legal effectiveness, but ignore the important role of other social norms outside the national law.Therefore, on the basis of drawing lessons from the rich theoretical achievements of predecessors, this paper defines the scientific connotation of legal effectiveness from the perspective of legal pluralism, and explores the existing relationship between state law and folk law.Then it describes and analyzes the current situation and influencing factors of China's legal effectiveness, and tries to put forward an effective way to enhance the legal effectiveness.The full text is divided into six parts, the first part of the introduction puts forward the lack of legal effectiveness in China and the theoretical and practical significance of the study of legal effectiveness for the construction of the rule of law in China.In addition to the introduction and conclusion, the article is divided into four parts.The first part is to introduce the theory of legal pluralism and legal effectiveness, and to establish the logical structure between the two. On the one hand, there is a basic understanding of legal pluralism, on the other hand, the concept of legal effectiveness is redefined.To construct a framework to analyze the problem of effectiveness from the perspective of legal pluralism.The second part and the third part are also the core of this paper. In order to analyze the present situation of our country's legal effectiveness, we must first establish the evaluation standard and method of the legal effectiveness. The author is based on the literature review.This paper puts forward two kinds of evaluation standards and quantitative indexes based on different judgment subjects. At the same time, the author uses the role analysis method, the system theory analysis method and the law economic analysis method to probe into the legal effectiveness of our country.On this basis, the author mainly through the study of the existing relationship between the state law and the folk law, further evaluate the current situation of legal effectiveness in China, and the lack of legal effectiveness of China's factors are summarized and summarized.Then three main influencing factors are put forward, including interest, habit and subject.The fourth part, on the basis of summing up the reasons, tries to put forward the ways to enhance the actual effect of law from five aspects: legislation, law enforcement, judicature, law-abiding and legal supervision.In the last part of the conclusion, the author emphasizes the importance of the research on the actual effect of the law to the construction of the socialist rule of law in our country. At the same time, it is hoped that more scholars will be involved in the research of the legal effect, and the relevant theoretical knowledge will be enriched constantly.Better guide the legal practice.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D920.4

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