本文關(guān)鍵詞： 宋代 立嗣 收養(yǎng)制度　出處：《蘇州大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】： 中國(guó)古代社會(huì)是根據(jù)宗法制度建立起來(lái)的宗法社會(huì)。以血緣為紐帶的宗法制度,是中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化的重要特征之一。古人敬天法祖,追終慎遠(yuǎn),希望宗族(家)族世代繁衍不息。為了保證已歿的祖先能享受子孫世世代代的祭祀,形成了由男系宗族承擔(dān)祭祀祖先為主要內(nèi)容的宗祧繼承制度。所謂宗祧繼承,就是指后世男系子孫繼承先祖在宗族中的地位,像先祖一樣率領(lǐng)宗族成員在宗廟中祭祀、供奉祖先,以期世代有人傳承祖先的香火,乞求祖先的護(hù)佑,進(jìn)而整合宗族,團(tuán)結(jié)族人,使家族與宗族得以延續(xù)與光大。由于在以男子為中心的社會(huì)中,祭祀這件莊嚴(yán)隆重的大事必須由男子主持,所以延續(xù)宗祧、使祖先永享后嗣祭祀就成為中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)社會(huì)各宗族(家族)重視生育的原因所在。 傳統(tǒng)中國(guó)宗祧繼承的原則是“有子立嫡,無(wú)子立嗣”,由男系之嫡長(zhǎng)子孫世代相承。若無(wú)男系子孫,則采取擬制性的補(bǔ)救措施,即設(shè)立一個(gè)擬制的親子——嗣子,以此來(lái)延續(xù)自然血緣關(guān)系的斷裂,從而達(dá)到血統(tǒng)繼承的目的,“上以事宗廟,下以繼后嗣”。而在中國(guó)古代社會(huì)中,嗣子的確立多通過(guò)收養(yǎng)來(lái)完成,因此出現(xiàn)了收養(yǎng)這樣一種在中國(guó)古代延綿不絕的社會(huì)現(xiàn)象。與之相關(guān)的一整套復(fù)雜的社會(huì)習(xí)俗以及國(guó)家法律也世代相傳,越來(lái)越完備,構(gòu)成中國(guó)古代法律文化的重要組成部分。 在中國(guó)古代傳統(tǒng)社會(huì)不斷演變的歷史進(jìn)程中,宋王朝取得了其應(yīng)有的重要?dú)v史地位。宋朝是經(jīng)過(guò)唐末五代社會(huì)長(zhǎng)期動(dòng)亂之后建立的,而唐末五代又是一個(gè)禮崩樂(lè)壞的時(shí)代。歐陽(yáng)修在《新五代史》中稱:“五代之際,禮樂(lè)崩壞,三綱五常之道絕,先王之制度文章于是掃地矣�！痹谶@種條件下,恢復(fù)重建倫理宗法秩序就成了宋代統(tǒng)治者必須面對(duì)的時(shí)代課題。收養(yǎng)制度是作為維護(hù)封建宗法倫常的重要手段,在宋代具有極其典型的意義。 當(dāng)前,我國(guó)正在大力弘揚(yáng)傳統(tǒng)文化,中國(guó)社會(huì)受傳統(tǒng)文化的影響依然很明顯。因此,對(duì)宋代收養(yǎng)制度進(jìn)行梳理、詮釋、分析,取其精華,棄其糟粕,或許可為現(xiàn)實(shí)的法制建設(shè)提供借鑒,收到古為今用的效果。 關(guān)于宋代收養(yǎng)制度,學(xué)術(shù)界已經(jīng)取得一定的研究成果,并非空白,不過(guò)僅涉及立嗣與財(cái)產(chǎn)繼承等一方面。有鑒于此,本文擬對(duì)宋代的收養(yǎng)制度做一個(gè)相對(duì)系統(tǒng)的考察,以期對(duì)它有個(gè)較為全面的認(rèn)識(shí)。
[Abstract]:Ancient Chinese society is a patriarchal society established according to patriarchal clan system. The patriarchal clan system based on blood relationship is one of the important characteristics of Chinese traditional culture. It is hoped that the clan (family) clan will continue to reproduce for generations. In order to ensure that the deceased ancestors can enjoy the sacrifices of their descendants from generation to generation, the patriarchal clan has formed a system of ancestral clan succession, in which the patriarchal clan assumes the main content of offering sacrifices to the ancestors. That is to say, the descendants of the later generation inherited the position of their ancestors in the clan. Like their ancestors, they led their clan members to sacrifice and worship their ancestors in the temple, in the hope that someone would inherit the incense of their ancestors from generation to generation, beg for the protection of their ancestors, and then integrate the clan. Unite the people so that the family and clan can continue and grow up. Because in a male-centered society, sacrifice to this solemn event must be presided over by the man, so the continuation of the clan system, The ancestral sacrifice of the heirs became the reason why the families attached importance to fertility in the traditional Chinese society. The traditional Chinese patriarchal inheritance principle is that "there are sons and daughters, not children and heirs," which are inherited from the grandsons of the male lineage. If there are no male descendants, fictitious remedial measures are taken, that is, the creation of an imaginary parent-son, that is, the establishment of an imaginary parent-son. In order to continue the breakage of natural blood relations, and thus to achieve the purpose of lineage inheritance, "from the above to the temple, and from the next to the heirs". In ancient China, the establishment of the issue was mostly accomplished by adoption. As a result, adoption, a social phenomenon that has continued continuously in ancient China, has become more and more complete and has become an important part of ancient Chinese legal culture, and a whole set of complicated social customs and national laws related to it have been handed down from generation to generation. In the historical process of the continuous evolution of the ancient Chinese traditional society, the Song Dynasty gained its due historical status. The Song Dynasty was established after the long period of social unrest in the late Tang and the five dynasties. In the History of the New five dynasties, Ouyang Xiu said: "at the time of the five dynasties, the principles of ceremony and music were destroyed, and the system of the previous kings was destroyed." under such conditions, The restoration of ethical patriarchal order has become an important issue for the rulers of the Song Dynasty. As an important means to maintain the feudal patriarchal clan system, the adoption system has a very typical significance in the Song Dynasty. At present, our country is vigorously carrying forward the traditional culture, and the influence of the traditional culture on Chinese society is still very obvious. Therefore, the adoption system of the Song Dynasty is combed, interpreted, analyzed, its essence is taken, and its dross is discarded. May provide the reference for the reality legal system construction, receives the effect which the past is used for the present. As for the adoption system of Song Dynasty, the academic circles have made some achievements, which are not blank, but only related to the inheritance of property and so on. In view of this, this paper intends to make a relatively systematic investigation on the adoption system of the Song Dynasty. In order to have a more comprehensive understanding of it.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘇州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：D929;D923

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 檀林飛;遺產(chǎn)酌分制度研究[D];西南政法大學(xué);2012年

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本文編號(hào)：1555453