本文關(guān)鍵詞：我國(guó)陌生人社會(huì)形成過(guò)程中的私權(quán)研究　出處：《鄭州大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 陌生人社會(huì) 私權(quán) 契約 善治 身份

【摘要】：我國(guó)著名社會(huì)學(xué)家費(fèi)孝通先生在其著作《鄉(xiāng)土中國(guó)》中將傳統(tǒng)中國(guó)社會(huì)稱作是“熟人社會(huì)”,而后美國(guó)著名法學(xué)家勞倫斯·弗里德曼便在其著作《美國(guó)法簡(jiǎn)史》一書(shū)中首次提出了“陌生人社會(huì)”的概念,后來(lái)“熟人社會(huì)”與“陌生人社會(huì)”就作為一相對(duì)應(yīng)的概念逐漸被大家所接受和熟悉。30多年的改革開(kāi)放使我國(guó)的社會(huì)急劇轉(zhuǎn)型,正如費(fèi)孝通先生指出的那樣：中國(guó)社會(huì)發(fā)展的進(jìn)程就是由傳統(tǒng)向現(xiàn)代轉(zhuǎn)型的過(guò)程,在市場(chǎng)大潮的沖擊下,身份制土崩瓦解,社會(huì)流動(dòng)性加強(qiáng),使得中國(guó)逐步邁向“陌生人社會(huì)”,從“熟人社會(huì)”到“陌生人社會(huì)”,體現(xiàn)出的是一種社會(huì)的進(jìn)步,是一種歷史的必然。然而在一種社會(huì)形態(tài)向另一種社會(huì)形態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)變過(guò)程中,又往往會(huì)發(fā)生諸多的問(wèn)題和矛盾,由于我國(guó)存在著長(zhǎng)期的熟人社會(huì)的傳統(tǒng),再加上陌生人社會(huì)所特有的多元性和流動(dòng)性的特點(diǎn),就使得我國(guó)在由熟人社會(huì)向陌生人社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)變的過(guò)程中,關(guān)于私權(quán)①維護(hù)的問(wèn)題日益成為社會(huì)的焦點(diǎn)話題。 本文共分為四個(gè)部分：第一部分主要是介紹我國(guó)在陌生人社會(huì)形成過(guò)程中的法治發(fā)展情況,首先指出我國(guó)傳統(tǒng)熟人社會(huì)沒(méi)有法治發(fā)展的條件和要素,而陌生人社會(huì)的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)則有可能為我國(guó)提供法治發(fā)展的土壤；然后對(duì)我國(guó)形成中的陌生人社會(huì)的法治發(fā)展進(jìn)行了論述。 第二部分對(duì)我國(guó)陌生人社會(huì)形成過(guò)程中私權(quán)所處的現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了深入的探討,首先對(duì)私權(quán)的概念進(jìn)行明確的定位,而后提出兩種類型化的私權(quán)沖突即公權(quán)與私權(quán)之間以及私權(quán)與私權(quán)之間的沖突,在公私權(quán)沖突的領(lǐng)域指出脆弱的私權(quán)極易受到強(qiáng)大公權(quán)的侵害和私權(quán)的救濟(jì)途徑往往受到公權(quán)的制約；在私權(quán)沖突領(lǐng)域中提出兩種典型的私權(quán)沖突：顯性的私權(quán)沖突和隱性的私權(quán)沖突。 第三部分則是對(duì)當(dāng)下社會(huì)過(guò)渡時(shí)期中私權(quán)問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了理論原因分析,通過(guò)借鑒洛克的社會(huì)契約論及其有限政府的思想對(duì)我國(guó)當(dāng)下公權(quán)與私權(quán)關(guān)系進(jìn)行了闡釋；在私權(quán)與私權(quán)的沖突領(lǐng)域則提出兩點(diǎn)原因的分析：契約精神本身所存在的不足和契約之于中國(guó)某些傳統(tǒng)文化的沖突。 第四部分主要是對(duì)在我國(guó)陌生人社會(huì)的形成過(guò)程中私權(quán)所存在的一些問(wèn)題提出了一些解決的可能之策。首先提出政府善治是現(xiàn)階段在我國(guó)解決公權(quán)與私權(quán)沖突的理想選擇：第一、對(duì)善治的概念同樣也進(jìn)行了明確的定位,第二、提出重構(gòu)善治四訴求以實(shí)現(xiàn)公權(quán)與私權(quán)關(guān)系的正�；貧w；在私權(quán)之間的沖突領(lǐng)域一方面提出對(duì)某些相關(guān)的倫理道德賦予國(guó)家強(qiáng)力保障的權(quán)威,具體來(lái)講就是對(duì)某些道德規(guī)范進(jìn)行立法來(lái)解決一些特殊的顯性私權(quán)沖突,另一方面主張從契約的平等保護(hù)到身份的傾斜保護(hù),實(shí)現(xiàn)從契約向身份的有限回歸來(lái)解決隱性私權(quán)沖突,從而進(jìn)一步實(shí)現(xiàn)私權(quán)在法律意義上的平等和事實(shí)層面上的公平。
[Abstract]:Fei Xiaotong, a famous sociologist of our country, called the traditional Chinese society "acquaintance society" in his work "Native China". And then Laurence Friedman, a famous American jurist, put forward the concept of "stranger society" for the first time in his book A brief History of American Law. Later, "acquaintance society" and "stranger society" as a corresponding concept gradually accepted by everyone and familiar with the reform and opening up for more than 30 years, the rapid transformation of our society. As Mr. Fei Xiaotong pointed out: the process of social development in China is the process of transformation from tradition to modern. Under the impact of the market tide, identity system has collapsed and social mobility has been strengthened. It makes China step by step towards "stranger society", from "acquaintance society" to "stranger society", which reflects a kind of social progress. It is a historical necessity. However, in the process of transformation from one social form to another, many problems and contradictions often occur, due to the existence of a long-term acquaintance society in our country. In addition, due to the unique diversity and mobility of the stranger society, the issue of the maintenance of private rights has increasingly become the focus of the society during the transition from the acquaintance society to the stranger society. This paper is divided into four parts: the first part mainly introduces the development of the rule of law in the formation of stranger society in our country, first of all, it points out that there are no conditions and elements for the development of the rule of law in the traditional acquaintance society of our country. The development trend of stranger society may provide the soil for the development of the rule of law in our country. Then it discusses the rule of law development of stranger society in our country. The second part of the formation of strangers in the process of private rights in the process of in-depth discussion, first of all, the concept of private rights to a clear positioning. Then put forward two types of private conflicts, that is, between public rights and private rights, and between private rights and private conflicts. In the field of the conflict of public and private rights, it is pointed out that the fragile private rights are easily infringed by powerful public rights and the remedy channels of private rights are often restricted by public rights. There are two typical private conflicts in the field of private right conflict: explicit private right conflict and implicit private right conflict. The third part is the theoretical analysis of the private rights in the current social transition period, through the reference of Locke's theory of social contract and the idea of limited government to explain the current relationship between public rights and private rights in China. In the field of conflict between private right and private right, the author puts forward two reasons: the deficiency of contract spirit and the conflict of contract to some traditional Chinese culture. The 4th part mainly puts forward some possible solutions to the problems existing in private rights in the forming process of stranger society in our country. Firstly, it points out that government good governance is to solve the conflict between public right and private right in our country at the present stage. Ideal options for:. Number one. The concept of good governance is also clearly positioned. Second, the four demands of good governance are put forward to realize the normal return of the relationship between public right and private right. On the one hand, in the field of conflict between private rights, the author puts forward the authority to give the state strong protection to some related ethics, specifically, to legislate certain moral norms to solve some special explicit private rights conflicts. On the other hand, it advocates from the equal protection of contract to the protection of identity, to realize the limited return from contract to identity to solve the hidden private rights conflict. Thus further realize the equality of private rights in the sense of law and fairness on the level of fact.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：D920.0

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前7條

1 馬新福;楊清望;;法律信任初論[J];河北法學(xué);2006年08期

2 丁宇;;論善治的基本訴求[J];江漢論壇;2009年10期

3 何哲;;“善治”概念的核心要素分析——一種經(jīng)濟(jì)方法的比較觀點(diǎn)[J];理論與改革;2011年05期

4 龐小寧;李建欣;;服務(wù)型政府視域下政府信息公開(kāi)的損益分析[J];社會(huì)主義研究;2009年01期

5 徐顯明;法治的真諦是人權(quán)——一種人權(quán)史的解釋[J];學(xué)習(xí)與探索;2001年04期

6 田中二郎,肖軍;公法契約的可能性[J];行政法學(xué)研究;2002年01期

7 黃小勇;行政的正義——兼對(duì)“回應(yīng)性”概念的闡釋[J];中國(guó)行政管理;2000年12期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 杜存江;我國(guó)公權(quán)與私權(quán)的沖突及其解決[D];安徽大學(xué);2005年

，

本文編號(hào)：1411182