【摘要】：犯罪作為一種嚴重危害社會的活動,一直以來備受關注,而女性犯罪作為一種社會現(xiàn)象早已存在,國內(nèi)外理論也對其都有一定的研究。我國改革開放以來,非常重視對犯罪的打擊,因為其關系著社會的穩(wěn)定,無論是男性犯罪還是女性犯罪都有非常嚴重的社會危害性,在理論及司法實踐中很少從性別角度去分析犯罪的特點,尤其對女性作為犯罪主體缺乏一定的關注。受中國傳統(tǒng)文化的影響以及性別差異的影響,男性犯罪比例始終高于女性,但不能忽視的是,隨著現(xiàn)代化的發(fā)展,我國雖然在提倡男女平等且越來越注重保護女性權益,但女性犯罪的比例始終在逐年上升。這需要我們引起高度重視,密切關注女性犯罪的成因,及時建立有效的預防體系,保障女性權利,預防女性犯罪。本文主要分三個部分對女性犯罪進行研究。第一部分是對女性犯罪的理論概述。首先,介紹何為女性犯罪。從犯罪的定義著手,犯罪存在實質意義上的犯罪和形式意義上的犯罪之分,因此可以對女性犯罪分別從形式意義上的女性犯罪與實質意義上的女性犯罪進行定義,而根據(jù)罪行法定原則,本文研究的主要是形式意義上即刑法規(guī)定的女性犯罪。其次,結合學者不同的觀點分析我國女性犯罪有何特點并最終歸納總結。最后,分析我國女性主要存在哪些種類,主要將其概括為,財產(chǎn)類、侵權類、涉毒類、色情類犯罪。第二部分分析女性犯罪的主要現(xiàn)狀和主要原因。首先介紹我國女性犯罪的現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展趨勢;其次主要從宏觀和微觀兩個層面分析導致女性犯罪的主要成因,在宏觀層面主要是社會發(fā)展和社會文化對女性犯罪的影響,在微觀層面主要是家庭、學校、個人對女性犯罪的影響。第三部分提出對女性犯罪預防的完善建議。根據(jù)犯罪預防的基本理論可以將犯罪預防分為一般預防和特殊預防,因此本文主要從這兩個方面提出預防女性犯罪的建議。在一般預防方面,主要從觀念引導女性社會角色變化、政策促進保護女性社會安全感、法律威懾女性實施犯罪的社會可能性,在特殊預防方面主要是強化對女犯的思想和觀念改造、關注女犯的就業(yè)和生活等方面。犯罪是影響社會安定、健康發(fā)展的重要因素,無論是男性犯罪還是女性犯罪都具有極強的社會危害性。不容置疑的是女性犯罪是一個可能會影響到社會持續(xù)穩(wěn)定發(fā)展的重要問題,女性主體在當前社會角色中扮演著與過去完全不同的社會角色,具有新的時代特點,伴隨女性犯罪比例的日益增高,打擊女性犯罪,合理有效預防女性犯罪已經(jīng)刻不容緩,這就需要我們對女性犯罪從理論與實踐方面對其高度重視。本文希望通過對女性犯罪進行研究,建立完善的預防女性犯罪制度體系,保障女性的社會權利,確保社會秩序穩(wěn)定、健康持續(xù)發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:Crime as a serious harm to society activities, has been paid attention to, and female crime as a social phenomenon has already existed, and domestic and foreign theories have also studied it. Since the reform and opening up, our country has attached great importance to the crackdown on crime, because it is related to the stability of the society. Both male and female crimes have very serious social harmfulness. In theory and judicial practice, the characteristics of crime are seldom analyzed from the angle of gender, especially for women as the subject of crime. Under the influence of Chinese traditional culture and gender difference, the proportion of men committing crimes is always higher than that of women. However, with the development of modernization, although China is advocating equality between men and women and paying more and more attention to the protection of women's rights and interests, But the proportion of female crime has been rising year by year. This requires us to pay close attention to the causes of female crime, to establish an effective prevention system in time, to protect women's rights and to prevent female crime. This article mainly divides into three parts carries on the research to the female crime. The first part is the theoretical overview of female crime. First of all, introduce what is a female crime. Starting from the definition of crime, there are two kinds of crimes in essence and form, so we can define the female crime in the formal sense and the female crime in the substantive sense. According to the legal principle of crime, this article mainly studies the female crime in the formal sense, that is, the criminal law. Secondly, the author analyzes the characteristics of female crime in China from different perspectives and concludes it. Finally, it analyzes the main types of women in China, mainly summarized as property, tort, drug-related, pornographic crimes. The second part analyzes the main status quo and main reasons of female crime. Firstly, it introduces the present situation and development trend of female crime in China. Secondly, the main causes of female crime are analyzed from the macro and micro levels. At the macro level, it is mainly the influence of social development and social culture on female crime, and at the micro level, it is mainly family and school. The influence of individuals on female crime. The third part puts forward the perfect suggestion to the female crime prevention. According to the basic theory of crime prevention, crime prevention can be divided into general prevention and special prevention. In the general aspect of prevention, the social role of women is mainly guided by the concept, the policy promotes the protection of sense of security, and the social possibility of women committing crimes is deterred by law. In the aspect of special prevention, it is mainly to strengthen the transformation of women prisoners' thoughts and concepts, and pay attention to the employment and life of women prisoners. Crime is an important factor affecting social stability and healthy development, both male crime and female crime have strong social harmfulness. There is no doubt that female crime is an important issue that may affect the sustainable and stable development of society. The female subject plays a completely different social role from the past in the current social role and has the new characteristics of the times. With the increasing proportion of female crime, it is urgent to crack down on female crime and prevent female crime reasonably and effectively, which requires us to attach great importance to female crime in theory and practice. This paper hopes to establish a perfect system of preventing female crime, to ensure the social rights of women, to ensure the stability of social order and healthy and sustainable development through the study of female crime.
【學位授予單位】：西南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：C913.68;D917.6

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