【摘要】： 戶籍制度作為一項(xiàng)基本的國(guó)家行政制度,它在中國(guó)有悠久的歷史和深厚的文化傳統(tǒng)。從夏商周朝開(kāi)始,經(jīng)過(guò)古代社會(huì)長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的積累和發(fā)展,到計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)時(shí)代乃至現(xiàn)在,中國(guó)戶籍制度已經(jīng)有了深刻的變化和長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)的發(fā)展。戶籍制度作為中國(guó)一項(xiàng)具有根本性、重要性的制度,它涉及全體人民的切身利益和社會(huì)生活的基本形貌,其從古代直到現(xiàn)在始終與我們的日常生活息息相關(guān)。雖然古代中國(guó)不同歷史階段的戶籍制度傳統(tǒng)和中國(guó)現(xiàn)行戶籍制度之間在內(nèi)容、形式和性質(zhì)等方面都存在差異,但這并不影響他們之間的繼承性與創(chuàng)新性發(fā)展。另外,中國(guó)現(xiàn)行戶籍制度與其他國(guó)家的戶籍管理制度也存在不同。如何立足我國(guó)的基本國(guó)情,在正確認(rèn)識(shí)中國(guó)現(xiàn)行戶籍制度的性質(zhì)、功能和內(nèi)在矛盾的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合實(shí)踐中的戶籍案例,對(duì)我國(guó)現(xiàn)行戶籍制度的未來(lái)發(fā)展提出思路和策略有重要意義。 近些年來(lái),不論是理論界還是實(shí)務(wù)界對(duì)我國(guó)戶籍制度都進(jìn)行了大量的探討和研究,改革中國(guó)現(xiàn)行戶籍制度的呼聲越來(lái)越高,各地區(qū)也陸續(xù)地出臺(tái)了相關(guān)的制度措施。當(dāng)然,我們不能否認(rèn),由于現(xiàn)行戶籍制度存在的諸多弊端,致使有關(guān)戶籍方面的犯罪也在逐年上升。北京最大的倒賣戶口案就是一個(gè)典型,并且很多類似的案例都反映出現(xiàn)行戶籍制度不論是在程序方面還是制度管理本身都存在漏洞。戶籍制度作為與人們?nèi)粘Ｉ钕⑾⑾嚓P(guān)的一種制度,在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的狀況是不樂(lè)觀的,并且“有人口流動(dòng)卻無(wú)人口遷移”的怪現(xiàn)象已經(jīng)司空見(jiàn)慣了。因此,戶籍制度作為一套復(fù)雜的、覆蓋民眾的并具有強(qiáng)制性的社會(huì)制度,其社會(huì)管理功能正在發(fā)生深刻的變化,但作為制度本身卻沒(méi)有跟上時(shí)代的步伐。 中國(guó)現(xiàn)行戶籍制度的未來(lái)是改革或是取消的,許多學(xué)者和實(shí)務(wù)工作者都提出了不同的意見(jiàn)。他們的觀點(diǎn)和見(jiàn)解可以歸納為“取消論”、“脫鉤論”和“統(tǒng)一論”三種。這三種觀點(diǎn)都具有一定的理論意義和實(shí)踐價(jià)值的,但不可否認(rèn)它們都帶有片面性。中國(guó)現(xiàn)行戶籍制度脫胎于對(duì)歷史傳統(tǒng)的繼承和創(chuàng)新,在每個(gè)歷史階段都發(fā)揮了重要的、不可取代的作用。我們對(duì)中國(guó)現(xiàn)行戶籍制度的未來(lái)應(yīng)該持謹(jǐn)慎樂(lè)觀的態(tài)度:一方面不能全部否認(rèn)現(xiàn)行的戶籍制度,另一方面也不能繼續(xù)全盤(pán)堅(jiān)持。因此,對(duì)現(xiàn)行戶籍制度以及遷徙自由進(jìn)行法制化,是現(xiàn)行戶籍制度在發(fā)揮自身應(yīng)有功能的同時(shí)盡量減少人們?nèi)粘Ｉ畈槐愕囊粋�(gè)有效途徑。
[Abstract]:As a basic national administrative system, household registration system has a long history and profound cultural tradition in China. From the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties, after a long period of accumulation and development of ancient society, to the planned economy era and even now, China's household registration system has undergone profound changes and long-term development. As a fundamental and important system in China, the household registration system involves the vital interests of the whole people and the basic appearance of social life. It has always been closely related to our daily life from ancient times to now. Although there are differences in content, form and nature between the traditional household registration system in ancient China and the current household registration system in China, this does not affect their inheritance and innovative development. In addition, the current household registration system in China is different from that in other countries. How to base on the basic national conditions of our country, on the basis of correctly understanding the nature, function and inherent contradiction of the current household registration system in China, combining with the case of household registration in practice, It is of great significance to put forward ideas and strategies for the future development of the current household registration system in China. In recent years, both theoretical and practical circles have carried out a large number of discussions and studies on the household registration system in China, and the voice of reforming the current household registration system in China is getting higher and higher, and various regions have successively introduced relevant system measures. Of course, we can not deny that the current household registration system has many drawbacks, resulting in the increase of crimes related to household registration year by year. Beijing's biggest hukou reselling case is typical, and many similar cases reflect loopholes in the current household registration system, both in procedure and in the system itself. As a system closely related to people's daily life, the household registration system is not optimistic in real life, and the strange phenomenon of "there is population mobility but no population migration" has become commonplace. Therefore, as a complex and compulsory social system, the social management function of the household registration system is undergoing profound changes, but the system itself has not kept up with the pace of the times. Many scholars and practitioners have put forward different opinions on whether the future of the current household registration system in China will be reformed or abolished. Their views and opinions can be divided into three types: cancellation theory, decoupling theory and unification theory. These three views have certain theoretical significance and practical value, but they are all one-sided. China's current household registration system, born from the inheritance and innovation of historical tradition, has played an important and irreplaceable role in every historical stage. We should be cautiously optimistic about the future of China's current household registration system: on the one hand, we can not deny the current household registration system, on the other hand, we can not continue to stick to it all. Therefore, to legalize the current household registration system and the freedom of migration is an effective way for the current household registration system to play its due function while minimizing the inconvenience in people's daily life.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類號(hào)】：D631.42

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