發(fā)布時間：2018-10-26 20:18

【摘要】：X射線安檢機(jī)是目前公共場所使用最廣泛的安全檢查設(shè)備,它有著高效、準(zhǔn)確且經(jīng)濟(jì)等優(yōu)點。安全檢查的目的是防止爆炸物、管制刀具和槍支等危險品進(jìn)入公共場所,危害公眾安全。管制刀具和槍支均可通過其外形檢測出來,爆炸物則因其易偽裝和易隱藏的特點較難被發(fā)現(xiàn),故安檢機(jī)中爆炸物檢測尤為重要。本研究以爆炸物檢測為主要目的,采用雙能X射線透射法進(jìn)行物質(zhì)分類,并結(jié)合X射線能譜信息進(jìn)一步分析透射衰減數(shù)據(jù)特征。X射線照射至物體時發(fā)生光電效應(yīng)和康普頓散射等作用,在能量較低的范圍內(nèi)光電效應(yīng)占主導(dǎo),表現(xiàn)為X射線發(fā)生衰減。因此,本文選擇X射線透射衰減信息作為主要研究內(nèi)容。通過分析X射線與物質(zhì)作用的衰減特性,并結(jié)合爆炸物質(zhì)的共同屬性,選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)奶卣髦底鳛榕袆e物質(zhì)屬性的依據(jù)。雙能X射線透射法建立高、低能透射衰減值與物質(zhì)的等效原子序數(shù)之間的聯(lián)系、計算物體的等效原子序數(shù),進(jìn)而判別不同種類的物質(zhì)。X射線能譜分析法可對具體能量級X光子的分布和穿透物體后的衰減情況進(jìn)行詳細(xì)分析,提供更加細(xì)致和全面的衰減信息。具體能級的X光子分布和變化趨勢符合雙能透射方法中采用的原理,X射線能譜信息可以輔助雙能透射衰減法精確地對物質(zhì)進(jìn)行分類。通過將雙能X射線透射數(shù)據(jù)與能譜信息結(jié)合在一起進(jìn)行分析,驗證了X射線透射法判別物質(zhì)屬性的正確性。因此,高、低能透射衰減值作為物質(zhì)分類特征值是有效的,通過物質(zhì)分類達(dá)到爆炸物檢測目的的雙能透射衰減法的結(jié)果準(zhǔn)確。
[Abstract]:X-ray safety inspection machine is the most widely used safety inspection equipment in public places at present. It has the advantages of high efficiency, accuracy and economy. Safety checks are designed to prevent explosives, dangerous goods such as knives and guns from entering public places and endanger public safety. The controlled knives and guns can be detected by their appearance, but the explosives are difficult to be found because of their easy camouflage and easy hiding, so the detection of explosives is particularly important in the security inspection machine. In this study, the main purpose of this study is to detect explosives and to classify materials by means of dual-energy X-ray transmission. The characteristics of transmission attenuation data are further analyzed according to the X-ray energy spectrum information. The photoelectric effect and Compton scattering occur when the X-ray irradiation occurs to the object. The photoelectric effect dominates in the lower energy range, and the X-ray attenuation occurs. Therefore, the information of X-ray transmission attenuation is chosen as the main research content in this paper. By analyzing the attenuation characteristics of the interaction between X ray and matter and combining the common properties of explosive materials, the proper eigenvalues are selected as the basis for judging the properties of matter. The double energy X-ray transmission method is used to establish the relation between the high and low energy transmission attenuation values and the equivalent atomic number of matter, and to calculate the equivalent atomic number of the object. X-ray energy spectrum analysis can be used to analyze the distribution of X-ray photons of specific energy level and the attenuation of penetrating objects in detail, and to provide more detailed and comprehensive attenuation information. The X-photon distribution and variation trend of specific energy levels are in accordance with the principle adopted in the dual-energy transmission method. The X-ray energy spectrum information can assist the dual-energy transmission attenuation method to classify materials accurately. By combining the dual energy X-ray transmission data with the energy spectrum information, the correctness of the X-ray transmission method is verified. Therefore, the high and low energy transmission attenuation values are effective as the material classification eigenvalues, and the results of the dual-energy transmission attenuation method, which can achieve the purpose of explosive detection by material classification, are accurate.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：O434.19;D631.44

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