【摘要】：目的:本文對本教研室1999年～2008年2313例案件進行統(tǒng)計學分析,以期發(fā)現(xiàn)不同死因案例所占比重及其變化規(guī)律,不同性別及年齡中各種死因的分布情況,并以個案分析為手段,淺議各種案例的法醫(yī)學鑒定要點與研究進展。 材料與方法:收集華中科技大學同濟醫(yī)學院法醫(yī)學系法醫(yī)病理教研室1999年～2008年實際檢案2313例的詳細資料,應(yīng)用一般統(tǒng)計學方法,對上述資料進行統(tǒng)計學分析。從前五類案例中各篩選出1～2例具有代表性的案例進行推理分析或試驗研究。 結(jié)果: 2313例案例中,各種死因案例數(shù)量排序為:疾病死亡機械性損傷中毒機械性窒息不明原因死亡高低溫損傷。疾病死亡中心血管系統(tǒng)疾病死亡占43%,機械性損傷中顱腦損傷占55%。同一死因案例占各年份案例總數(shù)的比例無顯著性差異。男性死亡案例中,機械性損傷和高低溫損傷所占比例高于女性,機械性窒息和中毒所占比例低于女性。21歲以上各年齡組死因排序基本相同,～10歲年齡組機械性窒息案例較多,而機械性損傷案例較少。不同死因案例鑒定要點各不相同,鑒定程序及方法大體相同,但各有側(cè)重。學科交叉及新技術(shù)的應(yīng)用給法醫(yī)病理學檢案帶來了許多有效的輔助檢測方法。 結(jié)論: 1.病死依然是我單位法醫(yī)病理死亡案例的第一死因,不同性別死亡案例中,同種死因所占構(gòu)成比存在差異。推測今后幾年內(nèi),我單位各類死因案件的比例將持續(xù)穩(wěn)定。新生兒羊水吸入性窒息案例較多,應(yīng)引起法醫(yī)及婦產(chǎn)工作者注意。2.不同死因的案例在法醫(yī)病理學鑒定中,要結(jié)合自身特點,嚴格排除性診斷,重視臨床檢驗與分子遺傳學檢驗方法。應(yīng)用分子遺傳學對部分猝死案例進行研究是探討其死亡機制的有效手段。
[Abstract]:Objective: to analyze 2313 cases in our teaching and research department from 1999 to 2008 in order to find out the proportion of different causes of death and their changes, and to find out the distribution of different causes of death in different sex and age. Brief discussion on the main points and Research Progress of Forensic Medicine Appraisal in various cases. Materials and methods: 2313 cases were collected from Department of Forensic Pathology Department of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology from 1999 to 2008. Twelve representative cases were selected from each of the first five cases for reasoning analysis or experimental study. Results: among the 2313 cases, the number of death causes was in the order of disease death, mechanical injury, poisoning, mechanical asphyxia, unknown cause of death, high and low temperature injury. Cardiovascular diseases accounted for 43 deaths and craniocerebral injuries accounted for 55. There was no significant difference in the proportion of cases of the same cause of death to the total number of cases in each year. Among male death cases, the proportion of mechanical injury and high hypothermia injury was higher than that of female, and the proportion of mechanical asphyxia and poisoning was lower than that of female. There were fewer cases of mechanical injury. The main points of identification of different cause of death are different, the procedures and methods of identification are the same, but they have different emphases. The application of interdisciplinary and new technology has brought many effective assistant detection methods to forensic pathology. Conclusion: 1. Disease and death is still the first cause of death in forensic pathology cases in our unit. The proportion of the same cause of death is different in different sex death cases. It is speculated that in the next few years, the proportion of various causes of death in our unit will continue to be stable. There are more cases of neonatal amniotic fluid aspiration asphyxia, which should attract the attention of forensic and obstetrics. The cases of different causes of death in forensic pathology identification should be combined with their own characteristics, strict exclusion of diagnosis, emphasis on clinical testing and molecular genetic testing methods. Molecular genetics is an effective method to study some cases of sudden death.
【學位授予單位】：華中科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：D919

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