【摘要】： 本文的第一章根據(jù)我國(guó)相關(guān)法律規(guī)定對(duì)未成年人搶劫犯罪的主體概念和此種犯罪構(gòu)成的特殊性進(jìn)行了闡述,并介紹了未成年人搶劫犯罪的研究意義。未成年人的具體概念,各國(guó)都有不同的規(guī)定,主要反映在刑事法律方面,表現(xiàn)為未成年人與成年人所適用法律的區(qū)分。同時(shí)由于搶劫犯罪的嚴(yán)重社會(huì)危害性,我國(guó)法律明確規(guī)定了14周歲以上的未成年人要對(duì)其承擔(dān)刑事責(zé)任,并根據(jù)未成年人的特點(diǎn)做了一些特別規(guī)定,這些構(gòu)成了探討未成年人搶劫犯罪的基礎(chǔ)。從研究意義上來(lái)講,搶劫犯罪有著極大的社會(huì)危害性,近幾年來(lái),我國(guó)未成年人搶劫犯罪迅猛發(fā)展,極大的影響了社會(huì)安定,通過(guò)對(duì)其的分析、研究來(lái)提出相應(yīng)的對(duì)策有著重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 第二章主要集中討論了現(xiàn)階段未成年人搶劫犯罪的整體狀況,特別是由于社會(huì)的不斷發(fā)展而出現(xiàn)了新的現(xiàn)象和趨勢(shì)。介紹了未成年人的搶劫行為主要具有犯罪年齡低齡化、犯罪方式團(tuán)伙化、犯罪目標(biāo)特殊化、犯罪手段成人化、犯罪危害嚴(yán)重化的特點(diǎn)。 第三章對(duì)未成年人搶劫犯罪的成因進(jìn)行了介紹,包括未成年人的搶劫犯罪與其他類(lèi)型犯罪的一些共性因素和引起其搶劫犯罪活動(dòng)的特殊因素。共性因素包括未成年人的自身因素、家庭因素、學(xué)校因素和社區(qū)因素。影響比較直接的特殊因素則有家庭暴力活動(dòng)的影響、媒體暴力信息的傳播和社會(huì)消費(fèi)需求的刺激這三點(diǎn)。由于家庭結(jié)構(gòu)的變化、社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的迅猛發(fā)展以及新生的網(wǎng)絡(luò)等媒體,使得未成年人較以往任何一代人都有更好的機(jī)會(huì)去接觸和學(xué)習(xí)外界,但伴隨著外界環(huán)境的劇烈動(dòng)蕩,一些不好的外部影響結(jié)合未成年人自身的特點(diǎn)也使其進(jìn)行搶劫犯罪的可能性大大增加。 第四章則提出了對(duì)未成年人的搶劫犯罪活動(dòng)的針對(duì)性對(duì)策思考,主要包括重視加強(qiáng)素質(zhì)教育、建立影視分級(jí)制度、廣泛開(kāi)展媒介教育、大力推廣情景預(yù)防、科學(xué)有效懲治犯罪和預(yù)防重新違法犯罪幾個(gè)方面。首先要重視素質(zhì)教育,使未成年人塑造出良好的人格,具備法律意識(shí)和法治理念,也能在源頭對(duì)其搶劫犯罪行為進(jìn)行遏制。引導(dǎo)規(guī)范媒介傳播主要是要對(duì)媒體暴力內(nèi)容進(jìn)行限制,以及通過(guò)媒介教育減少其不良內(nèi)容對(duì)未成年人的影響。情景預(yù)防主要是根據(jù)未成年人搶劫犯罪的時(shí)間、行為場(chǎng)所和同為未成年人的受害人的特點(diǎn),提出重視加強(qiáng)學(xué)校周邊等未成年人搶劫多發(fā)地段的監(jiān)控措施,以及加強(qiáng)教育未成年人面對(duì)搶劫行為時(shí)要勇于正確的斗爭(zhēng)�？茖W(xué)有效地打擊未成年人搶劫犯罪主要是通過(guò)準(zhǔn)確的定罪量刑,嚴(yán)格區(qū)分罪與非罪,此罪與彼罪。對(duì)未成年犯的矯正則介紹了傳統(tǒng)的未成年犯管教制度和發(fā)展中的社區(qū)矯正,特別是后者在國(guó)外已經(jīng)有成熟的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和適用體系,而我國(guó)由于起步較晚,在對(duì)未成年人搶劫犯罪適用這一有效的矯正方法方面,需要在立法和執(zhí)行制度方面盡快完善相關(guān)規(guī)定。
[Abstract]:The first chapter expounds the concept of the subject and the particularity of this crime according to the relevant laws and regulations of our country, and introduces the significance of the research on the crime of robbery of minors. The specific concept of minors has different provisions in different countries, mainly reflected in the criminal law, the difference between minors and adults applicable law. At the same time, due to the serious social harmfulness of the crime of robbery, the law of our country clearly stipulates that minors over the age of 14 shall bear criminal responsibility for them, and have made some special provisions according to the characteristics of minors. These constitute the basis of the crime of underage robbery. In the sense of research, the crime of robbery has great social harmfulness. In recent years, the crime of robbery of minors in our country has developed rapidly, which has greatly affected the social stability. It is of great practical significance to study the corresponding countermeasures. The second chapter focuses on the overall situation of the crime of robbery of minors at this stage, especially the emergence of new phenomena and trends due to the continuous development of society. This paper introduces the main characteristics of the robbery of minors, such as the younger age of crime, the gang of criminal methods, the specialization of criminal target, the adult crime means, and the serious harm of crime. The third chapter introduces the causes of juvenile robbery, including some common factors between the crime of robbery of minors and other types of crime and the special factors that cause the crime of robbery. Common factors include minor's own factor, family factor, school factor and community factor. The special factors which have direct influence are the influence of domestic violence, the dissemination of media violence information and the stimulation of social consumption demand. As a result of the changes in the family structure, the rapid development of the social economy and the new media such as the Internet, minors have a better opportunity to contact and learn from the outside world than any previous generation, but with the violent turbulence of the external environment. Some bad external influences combined with the characteristics of minors also increase the possibility of robbery. The fourth chapter puts forward the targeted countermeasures to the crime of robbery of minors, mainly including paying attention to strengthening quality education, establishing film and television grading system, widely developing media education, and vigorously popularizing situational prevention. Scientific and effective punishment of crime and prevention of recidivism. First of all, we should pay attention to quality education, make minors shape good personality, have legal consciousness and rule of law idea, also can contain their robbery criminal behavior at the source. The main purpose of guiding and standardizing media communication is to restrict the content of media violence and to reduce the influence of media education on minors. Situational prevention is mainly based on the time of the crime of robbery by minors, the place of conduct and the characteristics of the victims who are also minors, and puts forward measures to strengthen the monitoring and control of the areas where minors rob frequently, such as around schools. And to strengthen the education of minors in the face of robbery should be brave to fight correctly. To crack down on the crime of robbery of minors scientifically and effectively is to strictly distinguish crime from non-crime, this crime and that crime through accurate conviction and sentencing. The correction of juvenile delinquents introduces the traditional correctional system of juvenile delinquents and the developing community correction, especially the latter has mature experience and applicable system in foreign countries, but our country starts late. In the aspect of applying this effective correction method to the crime of robbery of minors, it is necessary to perfect the relevant regulations as soon as possible in the aspects of legislation and enforcement system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D669.5

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