本文選題：城鄉(xiāng)統(tǒng)一 + 戶(hù)籍制度�。� 參考：《山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2009年碩士論文

【摘要】： 我國(guó)現(xiàn)行的戶(hù)籍制度從建國(guó)初以協(xié)調(diào)社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展為目的逐漸演變成為限制公民自由遷徙的行政手段,進(jìn)而對(duì)我國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展產(chǎn)生了深遠(yuǎn)的影響。城鄉(xiāng)二元結(jié)構(gòu)的戶(hù)籍制度已經(jīng)嚴(yán)重阻礙了經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展,妨礙了人力資源在全社會(huì)的優(yōu)化配置,延緩了農(nóng)村城市化、現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程,導(dǎo)致公民待遇不公平,影響了社會(huì)和諧穩(wěn)定,增加了社會(huì)的治理成本。因此,戶(hù)籍制度改革是當(dāng)前和今后一段時(shí)期我國(guó)改革重要領(lǐng)域。 城鄉(xiāng)二元戶(hù)籍制度的演變過(guò)程經(jīng)歷了二元戶(hù)籍制度的形成、建立和鞏固以及弱化三個(gè)階段。在這一制度的基礎(chǔ)上,形成了勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)、社會(huì)保障、教育、公共投入、稅費(fèi)、土地等二元制度,同時(shí)衍生出諸多附加功能,在經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)、政治權(quán)利以及管理機(jī)制等方面,呈現(xiàn)出諸多的負(fù)效應(yīng)。 我國(guó)的城鄉(xiāng)戶(hù)籍統(tǒng)一改革采用的是先試點(diǎn)后推廣的模式。但無(wú)論是成都“城鄉(xiāng)統(tǒng)籌”式的改革,還是濟(jì)南的“準(zhǔn)入式”改革,亦或是鄭州的“全面放開(kāi)”改革,在打破政策堅(jiān)冰的同時(shí),或多或少存在改革的不徹底性,仍有諸多的問(wèn)題需要解決。城鄉(xiāng)戶(hù)籍統(tǒng)一后,在實(shí)現(xiàn)公民身份平等、縮小城鄉(xiāng)差距等方面形成良好的社會(huì)效應(yīng),在城市規(guī)模擴(kuò)大、促進(jìn)工農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、節(jié)約能源優(yōu)化環(huán)境、優(yōu)化產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)和生產(chǎn)要素配置等方面形成顯著的經(jīng)濟(jì)效應(yīng)。 試點(diǎn)地區(qū)實(shí)行城鄉(xiāng)戶(hù)籍統(tǒng)一政策后出現(xiàn)一些不適因素。從制度層面來(lái)看,城鄉(xiāng)戶(hù)籍統(tǒng)一后,將會(huì)與現(xiàn)行的社會(huì)保障制度、住房制度、教育制度、兵役制度、計(jì)劃生育制度產(chǎn)生一些矛盾與沖突,從地區(qū)間戶(hù)籍制度改革的差異化角度來(lái)看,各地區(qū)之間戶(hù)籍改革的不同步、經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平差異以及附加相關(guān)制度差異化將會(huì)對(duì)城鄉(xiāng)戶(hù)籍統(tǒng)一改革形成障礙。為此,根據(jù)區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平,本文建議:建立全國(guó)基本統(tǒng)一、形式多樣、資金可自由流動(dòng)的醫(yī)療保障制度;加快建立住房保障體系,完善廉租住房制度,將進(jìn)城農(nóng)民工納入城市住房保障體系;解決農(nóng)村義務(wù)制教育的經(jīng)費(fèi),廢除附加在戶(hù)籍身上的教育不平等政策;在退役士兵的安置上,享受城鄉(xiāng)統(tǒng)一的安置待遇;采用“事后遷移”制度,實(shí)現(xiàn)公民全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)“自由遷徙”;加強(qiáng)戶(hù)籍法的立法建設(shè)。
[Abstract]:The current household registration system in China gradually evolved from the goal of coordinating social and economic development at the beginning of the founding of the people's Republic of China to the administrative means of restricting the free migration of citizens, which has had a profound impact on the economic and social development of our country. The household registration system of urban-rural dual structure has seriously hindered the economic and social development, hindered the optimal allocation of human resources in the whole society, delayed the process of urbanization and modernization in rural areas, resulted in unfair treatment of citizens, and affected social harmony and stability. Increased the cost of social governance. Therefore, the reform of household registration system is an important field of reform in China at present and in the coming period. The evolution process of the dual household registration system in urban and rural areas has undergone three stages: the formation, establishment and consolidation of the dual household registration system, as well as the weakening of the dual household registration system. On the basis of this system, a dual system of labor market, social security, education, public input, taxes and fees, land and so on has been formed. At the same time, many additional functions have been derived, in economic development and social structure. There are many negative effects in the aspects of political rights and management mechanism. The unified reform of urban and rural household registration in China adopts the model of pilot first and then popularized. However, whether it is the "urban and rural overall planning" reform in Chengdu, the "admittance" reform in Jinan, or the "comprehensive liberalization" reform in Zhengzhou, there is more or less a lack of thoroughness in the reform while breaking the policy ice. There are still many problems to be solved. After the unification of urban and rural household registration, it has formed a good social effect in realizing the equality of citizenship, narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas, expanding the scale of the city, promoting the development of industrial and agricultural economy, and saving energy to optimize the environment. The optimization of industrial structure and the allocation of production factors have significant economic effects, and some unfavorable factors appear after the implementation of the unified policy of urban and rural household registration in the pilot areas. From the system level, after the unification of urban and rural household registration, there will be some contradictions and conflicts with the current social security system, housing system, education system, military service system, and family planning system. From the point of view of the difference of the household registration system reform between regions, the different reform of household registration among different regions, the difference of economic development level and the addition of the related system difference will form an obstacle to the unified reform of urban and rural household registration. Therefore, according to the level of regional economic development, this paper suggests: to establish a national medical security system with basic unity, diverse forms and free flow of funds; to speed up the establishment of a housing security system, and to improve the system of low-rent housing, To integrate migrant workers into the urban housing security system; to solve the rural compulsory education funds; to abolish the education inequality policy attached to the household registration; to enjoy the unified resettlement treatment between urban and rural areas in the resettlement of retired soldiers; Adopting the system of "ex post migration" to realize the "free migration" of citizens throughout the country, and strengthening the legislative construction of the household registration law.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D631.42

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 嚴(yán)士清;新中國(guó)戶(hù)籍制度演變歷程與改革路徑研究[D];華東師范大學(xué);2012年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前10條

1 金鷺;秩序與權(quán)利—我國(guó)戶(hù)籍制度的功能演變與改革[D];中國(guó)政法大學(xué);2011年

2 石巍;當(dāng)前我國(guó)農(nóng)民工消費(fèi)行為研究[D];天津大學(xué);2011年

3 陳涓;戶(hù)籍制度與資源配置研究[D];天津大學(xué);2012年

4 靳文娟;中國(guó)戶(hù)籍制度改革的問(wèn)題與對(duì)策研究[D];華東師范大學(xué);2010年

5 張瑩;我國(guó)戶(hù)籍制度的功能及其變遷研究[D];中央民族大學(xué);2010年

6 胡小偉;重慶市統(tǒng)籌城鄉(xiāng)戶(hù)籍制度改革的倫理思考[D];重慶師范大學(xué);2012年

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9 魏滔;我國(guó)戶(hù)籍制度改革模式研究[D];廣東海洋大學(xué);2012年

10 曹賀然;統(tǒng)籌城鄉(xiāng)背景下的戶(hù)籍制度改革模式比較研究[D];西南交通大學(xué);2012年

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本文編號(hào)：1997040