本文選題：目擊證人 + 隊列呈現(xiàn)��； 參考：《遼寧師范大學》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】： 司法實踐活動中,目擊證人的證言是指控被告的重要證據(jù)之一,證言的準確與否,在很大程度上決定了案件的審理與判定。目擊證人的證言,主要是指在訴訟活動過程中,目擊證人向當事人和司法機關提供與案發(fā)現(xiàn)場情況有關的陳述。目擊證人對犯罪嫌疑人的辨認就是陳述的主要內容之一。從以往的研究中發(fā)現(xiàn),影響目擊證人的辨認的準確性因素主要包括估計者變量與系統(tǒng)變量,估計者變量由于是不被司法系統(tǒng)控制的變量,因此一般不作為心理學的主要研究對象,而隊列呈現(xiàn)方式作為司法系統(tǒng)在實踐操作過程中可控的系統(tǒng)變量的因素之一,仍缺乏一定的相關的研究。本研究在總結國內外相關研究的基礎上,通過實驗來具體的研究隊列呈現(xiàn)方式對目擊證人辨認的影響。 本文通過2(男、女)×2(犯罪嫌疑人在列與犯罪嫌疑人不在列)×2(同時列隊與順序列隊)三因素實驗設計,探討犯罪嫌疑人的隊列呈現(xiàn)方式對目擊證言的影響。征集男女大學生被試共140名進行實驗研究。研究結果如下: (1)以辨認結果為因變量,性別、犯罪嫌疑人在列與否、列隊呈現(xiàn)為自變量,性別、在列與否、隊列呈現(xiàn)主效應不顯著。 (2)以辨認結果為因變量,被試性別與犯罪嫌疑人在列與否為自變量,被試性別與犯罪嫌疑人在列與否之間的交互作用顯著(F~(1,132)=7.574,p0.05)。當被試性別為女性,犯罪嫌疑人在列時被試做出正確選擇的成績與不在列時做出正確選擇的成績差異非常顯著(F~(1,132)=14.060,p0.01),且犯罪嫌疑人在列時的成績顯著高于犯罪嫌疑人不在列的成績。 (3)以辨認結果為因變量,被試性別與犯罪嫌疑人列隊呈現(xiàn)為自變量,被試性別與犯罪嫌疑人列隊呈現(xiàn)之間的交互作用非常顯著(F~(1,132)=11.245,p0.01)。當被試性別為女性,犯罪嫌疑人同時呈現(xiàn)與犯罪嫌疑人順序呈現(xiàn)時的辨認成績差異非常顯著(F~(1,132)=9.430,p0.01),且犯罪嫌疑人順序呈現(xiàn)時的辨認結果優(yōu)于同時呈現(xiàn)時的辨認結果。 (4)以辨認結果為因變量,犯罪嫌疑人在列與否與列隊呈現(xiàn)為自變量,犯罪嫌疑人在列與否與犯罪嫌疑人列隊呈現(xiàn)之間的交互作用非常顯著(F~(1,132)=8.118,p0.01);其中,當犯罪嫌疑人在列時,同時呈現(xiàn)與順時呈現(xiàn)的交互作用接近顯著(F~(1,132)=1.94,p=0.060),且同時列隊的辨認結果優(yōu)于順序列隊的辨認結果;當犯罪嫌疑人不在列時,同時呈現(xiàn)與順時呈現(xiàn)的交互作用顯著(F~(1,132)=6.890,p0.01),且犯罪嫌疑人順序呈現(xiàn)的辨認結果優(yōu)于同時呈現(xiàn)的辨認結果。 (5)以辨認結果為因變量,性別、犯罪嫌疑人在列與否與列隊呈現(xiàn)為自變量,被試性別、犯罪嫌疑人在列與否與犯罪嫌疑人列隊呈現(xiàn)三者之間交互作用不顯著。
[Abstract]:In judicial practice, eyewitness testimony is one of the important evidence against the accused. The accuracy of the testimony determines to a great extent the trial and determination of the case. The testimony of eyewitness mainly refers to the fact that the witness provides the parties and the judicial authorities with statements related to the scene of the crime in the course of the proceedings. The identification of the suspect by the witness is one of the main contents of the statement. It has been found from previous studies that the factors affecting the accuracy of eyewitness identification mainly include estimator variables and system variables, which are not controlled by the judicial system. Therefore, it is generally not the main research object of psychology, and as one of the factors of controllable system variables in the process of judicial system practice, queue presentation is still lack of relevant research. On the basis of summarizing the domestic and foreign related studies, this study studies the effects of cohort presentation on eyewitness identification through experiments. Based on the experimental design of 2 (male, female) 脳 2 (suspect in list and suspect not in line) 脳 2 (in line and sequence at the same time), this paper probes into the influence of the appearance of the suspect's queue on the eyewitness testimony. A total of 140 male and female college students were recruited for experimental study. The findings are as follows: (1) taking the identification result as dependent variable, sex, suspect being listed or not, the queue presented as independent variable, sex, in the column or not, the main effect of the queue was not significant. (2) taking the result of identification as the dependent variable, the sex of the subject and the suspect in the list were independent variables, and the interaction between the sex of the subject and the list or not of the suspect was significant. When the gender of the subjects was female, the difference between the scores of the right choices made when the suspects were listed and those who did not make the correct choices was very significant, and the scores of the suspects in the list were significantly higher than those of the suspects who were not listed. (3) taking the identification result as the dependent variable, the sex of the subject and the suspect in line were presented as independent variables, and the interaction between the sex of the subject and the appearance of the criminal suspect was very significant, and the interaction between the sex of the subject and the appearance of the criminal suspect was very significant. When the sex of the subjects was female, the difference of the identification results between the criminal suspects and the suspects was very significant, and the result of the criminal suspects' order was better than that when the suspects were presented at the same time. (4) taking the identification result as the dependent variable, whether the suspect is listed or not, and whether the suspect is in line as an independent variable, the interaction between whether the suspect is listed or not and the criminal suspect appears in the line is very significant, among which, when the suspect is listed in the list, the interaction between the criminal suspect and the criminal suspect is very significant. Among them, when the suspect is listed in the list, At the same time, the interaction between simultaneous presentation and chronological presentation was close to significant, and the identification result of the line was better than that of the sequence, when the criminal suspect was not listed, the result of the identification was better than that of the sequence, when the criminal suspect was not listed, The interaction between simultaneous presentation and chronological presentation was significant, and the result of identification presented in the sequence of criminal suspects was better than that in the same time. (5) taking the result of identification as dependent variable, sex, whether the criminal suspect is listed or not, the independent variable is presented as the independent variable, the sex of the subject, the criminal suspect in the list or not and the suspect in the line show no significant interaction among them.
【學位授予單位】：遼寧師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：D925.2;D918

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本文編號：1894209