本文選題：勞動教養(yǎng) + 輕罪��； 參考：《學術交流》2013年12期

【摘要】：中國勞教制度雖然在維護社會治安秩序和預防減少犯罪方面曾經(jīng)發(fā)揮過一定的積極作用,但由于在適用對象、適用程序、期限和管理方式等方面都存在制度性缺陷,因此受到越來越多的批評,直至2013年11月被中共十八屆三中全會"決定"正式宣布廢止。廢止勞教后該有怎樣的路徑選擇來調(diào)整和規(guī)范違法行為呢?目前,主要存在三個思路:一是輕罪化,主張將輕微刑事違法犯罪行為由改造后的輕罪制度予以處理,然而這種觀點不符合刑法的謙抑性;二是保安處分化,主張借鑒西方保安處分制度,建立以行為人的人身危險性為處分標準、以社會防衛(wèi)為目的的中國式保安處分制度,但這種觀點會不可避免地破壞或者削弱法治文化;三是教育矯治化,主張對被處分人采取一種既不是純行政制裁、也不是純刑罰制裁的教育矯治措施,這種觀點克服了勞教制度的諸多弊端,具有人權司法保障的進步性。因此,廢除勞教制度后較好的制度選擇就是建立中國特色的違法行為教育矯治制度,以法律的形式明確其適用對象和適用條件,由法院依據(jù)司法程序做出處分決定。
[Abstract]:Although China's system of re-education through labour has played a positive role in maintaining public order and preventing and reducing crime, it has institutional defects in such aspects as the object of application, the applicable procedure, the period of time and the mode of management, etc. As a result, there was growing criticism until November 2013, when the third Plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee officially annulled the decision. After abolishing the re-education through labour, what path should be chosen to adjust and regulate the illegal behavior? At present, there are three main ideas: first, misdemeanour, which advocates that minor criminal offences should be dealt with by the reformed misdemeanor system, however, this view does not accord with the modesty of the criminal law; the second is the division of the security department. It is advocated to draw lessons from the western system of security measures, to establish a Chinese-style system of security measures, which is based on the personal dangerousness of the doer and for the purpose of social defense, but this view will inevitably destroy or weaken the culture of the rule of law. The third is the correction of education, which advocates the adoption of an educational corrective measure which is neither purely administrative sanction nor pure punishment sanction. This viewpoint overcomes many drawbacks of the system of re-education through labour and has the progressive nature of judicial protection of human rights. Therefore, after abolishing the system of re-education through labor, the better system choice is to establish the system of education and correction of illegal acts with Chinese characteristics, make clear its applicable object and applicable condition in the form of law, and let the court make the decision of punishment according to the judicial procedure.
【作者單位】： 東北林業(yè)大學文法學院;中國人民大學法學院;
【分類號】：D926.8

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本文編號：1823144