本文選題：文化 + 文化規(guī)范�。� 參考：《蘭州大學》2009年碩士論文

【摘要】： 犯罪根源于人的動物性,即人的本能。人除了自然屬性之外還有社會屬性,文化作為人的社會屬性是人的本質(zhì)屬性。缺少了文化這一本質(zhì)屬性,人充其量是一個高級動物。文化的重要特征是文化具有規(guī)范性,能夠影響、制約個人的人格和行為,文化規(guī)范性是社會內(nèi)在的運行機理和社會發(fā)展的深層本質(zhì)。本能作為人的自然屬性其重要特征是它始終按照快樂原則行事。本能只為照顧個人的存在與快樂,而文化是一項事業(yè),是一項偉大的工程,它必然要對個體的行為進行規(guī)范。它約束和指引著本能,使之符合大多數(shù)人的利益。然而,現(xiàn)實中,本能的沖動往往打破文化的禁錮導致犯罪,而犯罪的定義正是文化特有目的的需要。因此,本能與文化的對抗是犯罪在文化方面的一個基礎性原因。 不同文化之間的核心差別是其規(guī)范特征的不同。所謂文化沖突就是不同性質(zhì)文化之間的碰撞,它是社會變遷過程中的自然結果。社會變遷導致了無數(shù)的社會群體,每個群體對于生活情境都有自己的定義,對社會關系也各有各的解釋,而對其它群體的社會價值全然無知或者每有誤解。在所有情況下,涉陷規(guī)則中的某一群體成員的行為都會在某些方面被其他群體判為異常行為,甚至是犯罪行為。這是犯罪在文化方面的發(fā)展性原因。
[Abstract]:Crime is rooted in man's animality, that is, man's instinct. Human being has social attribute besides natural attribute, culture as human's social attribute is human's essential attribute. Without the essential attribute of culture, man is at best a high-class animal. The important characteristic of culture is that culture is normative, which can influence and restrict the personality and behavior of individuals. Cultural norm is the inner operating mechanism of society and the deep essence of social development. Instinct as the natural attribute of man its important characteristic is that it always acts according to the principle of happiness. Instinct only takes care of the existence and happiness of individuals, while culture is a cause and a great project, and it must regulate the behavior of individuals. It binds and guides instinct to serve the interests of the majority. However, in reality, the instinctive impulse often breaks down the cultural imprison to lead to crime, and the definition of crime is the need of culture-specific purpose. Therefore, the confrontation between instinct and culture is a basic reason for crime in culture. The core difference between different cultures is the difference of their normative characteristics. The so-called cultural conflict is the collision between different cultures, which is the natural result of social changes. Social changes have led to countless social groups, each group has its own definition of the life situation, social relations have their own explanations, and the social value of other groups completely ignorant or every misunderstanding. In all cases, the behavior of a member of a group involved in the rules will in some ways be judged by other groups as abnormal behavior, or even criminal behavior. This is the cultural development of crime.
【學位授予單位】：蘭州大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：D917.3

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