本文選題：中國超大城市 + 外來人口　； 參考：《天津大學》2015年博士論文

【摘要】：超大城市是外來人口最重要的聚集承載區(qū)域,外來人口正成為關乎超大城市持續(xù)發(fā)展和形態(tài)再造的重要力量。在中國日益成為超大城市制造國的時代背景下,在外來人口問題日益成為中國超大城市“城市病”重要誘因的發(fā)展進程中,本文以北京市為例,通過初步構(gòu)建中國超大城市外來人口流入的動力機制模型和空間分布影響機制,對中國超大城市外來人口流入與空間分布進行了專題研究,主要結(jié)論與貢獻有以下四點:第一,通過以四大直轄市為例,特別是比較京滬兩大強勢吸引中心的吸引作用空間模式,發(fā)現(xiàn)中國超大城市外來人口流入具有的總體特征。一是中國超大城市是外來人口的主要流入地,而且這種趨勢仍在加強。二是中國超大城市吸引外來人口流入與其發(fā)展階段和發(fā)展水平有著重要關系。天津、重慶等相對不夠發(fā)達的超大城市在吸引外來人口方面還有巨大的潛力,而北京、上海、廣州、深圳等超大城市則隨著其發(fā)展水平和人口規(guī)模的持續(xù)提高很可能進入外來人口流入相對平穩(wěn)的新階段。三是對京津滬三大直轄市外來人口流入影響因素進行全要素分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)中國超大城市外來人口流入的影響因素正在從流入地的拉力作用主導向流出地的推力作用主導轉(zhuǎn)變,其中經(jīng)濟因素在中國超大城市外來人口流入過程中起著主導性作用,距離這一空間因素對中國超大城市外來人口流入具有直接重要影響,社會網(wǎng)絡這一社會關系因素對中國超大城市外來人口流入具有顯著重要影響。第二,本文通過整合古典經(jīng)濟學的推拉模型與發(fā)展經(jīng)濟學的非均衡勞動力市場模型兩種理論,考慮超大城市外來人口流入的基本面與關鍵影響因素,以北京市為例,創(chuàng)造性地初步搭建起中國超大城市外來人口流入的動力機制,即基于濾網(wǎng)功能增強的需求支撐平臺的四要素驅(qū)動模型。這一模型認為,外來人口是北京市經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展的重要力量、外來人口勞動貢獻率顯著高于戶籍人口勞動貢獻率的基本事實,構(gòu)成了北京市外來人口流入的基本面意義的需求空間;而外來人口流入的邊際貢獻與邊際成本,決定了在北京吸引外來人口流入的平臺上必然會添加不斷增強自我篩選功能的濾網(wǎng);而通過對基于基本需求空間的北京市外來人口流入的關鍵影響因素的識別,發(fā)現(xiàn)外來就業(yè)人口相對集中的產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展、外來人口社會網(wǎng)絡、可達便利性與公共服務差距等四大因素是北京市吸引外來人口流入的關鍵因素。通過對中國超大城市生成機制及資源配置方式的比較,本文提出,以北京市為例建立起來的基于濾網(wǎng)功能增強的需求支撐平臺的四要素驅(qū)動模型,對于解釋中國超大城市外來人口流入的動力機制的典型性與相對普適性。第三,中國超大城市外來人口空間分布的總體特征可以形象地概括為亮斑散落的異化同心圓,而且趨向于繼續(xù)維持這種“大外移、小聚集”即整體向外遷移又在重點區(qū)域相對集中的態(tài)勢。一方面,外來人口集中增長圈趨于外移,而且這種基本結(jié)構(gòu)相對穩(wěn)定,很難被根本突破;另一方面,外來人口分布具有顯著空間集聚性結(jié)構(gòu),特別是快速發(fā)展的近郊區(qū)以及沿重要交通線或開發(fā)線延伸的區(qū)域較多出現(xiàn)外來人口聚集規(guī)模大、比例高的典型街道(鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)或者地區(qū))及群落,而且聚集區(qū)外來人口規(guī)模明顯變大。第四,提出了基于產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展與就業(yè)機會、區(qū)域開發(fā)與城市建設、居住空間與住房選擇、社會網(wǎng)絡與自我服務、政策供給與政府管理等五個主要因素或者謂之“五力”的中國超大城市外來人口空間分布簡約模型。以北京市為例進行的分析表明,這個影響機制具有較好的解釋力,諸影響因素的作用結(jié)果都相當一致地指向了,外來人口空間分布趨向于繼續(xù)維持這種“大外移、小聚集”即整體向外遷移又在重點區(qū)域相對集中的態(tài)勢。中國超大城市相似的發(fā)展模式和共有的政經(jīng)優(yōu)勢,決定了以北京為例的分析結(jié)果和上述作用機制對于中國超大城市具有相對普遍的解釋力。
[Abstract]:The large city is the most important gathering and carrying area of the foreign population. The foreign population is becoming an important force for the sustainable development and reengineering of the super cities. In the era of China becoming a super city manufacturing country, the problem of foreign population has become an important cause of the "urban disease" in the super city of China. Taking Beijing as an example, this paper makes a special study on the inflow and spatial distribution of foreign population in the super large cities of China by constructing the dynamic mechanism model of the inflow of foreign population in China's super large cities and the spatial distribution mechanism. The main conclusions and contributions are four points as follows: first, by taking the four municipalities directly under the central government as an example, especially in Beijing. The general characteristics of the inflow of foreign population in the super large cities of China are found in the spatial pattern of the attraction of the two dominant attraction centers in Shanghai. First, the large cities in China are the main inflow areas of the foreign population, and the trend is still strengthening. Two is the focus of the large cities in China to attract foreign population inflow with their development stage and level of development. Tianjin, Chongqing and other relatively undeveloped super cities have great potential in attracting foreign population. While Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen and other super cities are likely to enter the new stage of foreign population inflow with the continuous improvement of their development level and population size. Three is the three municipalities directly under the central government of Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai. The influence factors of the influx of foreign population are analyzed by all factors. It is found that the factors affecting the influx of foreign population in the super large cities of China are changing from the leading force of the inflow force to the outflow field, and the economic factors play a leading role in the flow of foreign population in the super large cities of China. The social network has a significant influence on the inflow of foreign population in the super large cities of China. Social network has a significant influence on the inflow of foreign population in the super large cities of China. Second, this article is based on the integration of the two theories of the model of the classical economics and the non equilibrium labor market model of the economics of development. The basic aspect and key influencing factors of the inflow of urban foreign population, taking Beijing as an example, creatively set up the dynamic mechanism of the inflow of foreign population in the super large cities of China, that is, the four factor driving model based on the enhanced demand support platform based on the filter function. This model holds that the foreign population is the important economic and social development of the city. Strength, the labor contribution rate of the foreign population is significantly higher than the basic fact of the labor contribution rate of the census register population, which constitutes the basic demand space for the inflow of foreign population in Beijing, while the marginal contribution and marginal cost of the inflow of foreign population determines the inevitable addition of the increasing self on the platform in which Beijing attracts the influx of foreign population. Through the identification of the key factors affecting the influx of foreign population in Beijing based on the basic demand space, it is found that the four major factors, such as the relatively concentrated industrial development of the foreign employment population, the social network of the foreign population, the accessibility and the public service gap, are the key factors for Beijing to attract the influx of foreign population. By comparing the generation mechanism of China's super large cities and the way of resource allocation, the four factor driving model based on the demand support platform based on the filter function enhanced in Beijing is proposed in this paper, which is typical and relative universality for explaining the dynamic mechanism of the inflow of foreign population in China's super cities. Third, China is oversized. The overall characteristics of the spatial distribution of urban foreign population can be summarized as the alienated concentric circle of bright spots, and the tendency to continue to maintain this "big shift, small aggregation", that is, the overall outward migration and the relative concentration in the key areas. On the one hand, the concentrated growth circle of the foreign population tends to move out, and this basic structure is relative. It is stable and difficult to be fundamentally broken; on the other hand, the distribution of foreign population has a significant spatial agglomeration structure, especially in the rapid development of suburban areas and in areas extending along important traffic lines or development lines. Fourth, based on industrial development and employment opportunities, regional development and urban construction, residential space and housing selection, social network and self-service, policy supply and government management, five main factors, such as "five forces" in China, a simplified model of the spatial distribution of foreign population in the super city of China. The city of Beijing The analysis shows that the influence mechanism has good explanatory power and the effect results of all the factors are quite consistent. The spatial distribution of the foreign population tends to maintain this "big shift, small aggregation", that is, the overall outward migration and the relative concentration in the key areas. The similar development model of the super large cities in China. The analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the political economy and the common political and economic factors in Beijing determines that the analysis results and the above mechanism of action in China have relatively general explanatory power for China's super large cities.

【學位授予單位】：天津大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D631.42
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本文編號：1778984