發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-06 00:10

  本文選題：轉(zhuǎn)型期　切入點(diǎn)：風(fēng)險(xiǎn)社會(huì)　出處：《南京大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：以實(shí)施改革開放政策為標(biāo)志,我國于1978年進(jìn)入了轉(zhuǎn)型期。堅(jiān)持改革開放的大方向毫無疑問是正確的,它促進(jìn)了我國社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)的轉(zhuǎn)型,加速了地區(qū)之間人力、物力等資源的流動(dòng),大大增強(qiáng)了社會(huì)活力,推動(dòng)了社會(huì)的快速繁榮與發(fā)展。與此同時(shí),隨著改革的不斷深化,利益格局的不斷調(diào)整,社會(huì)分化現(xiàn)象日趨嚴(yán)重,不同利益群體乃至主體之間的矛盾摩擦越來越激烈,中國的社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)處于一種相對(duì)失衡的狀態(tài)。社會(huì)性報(bào)復(fù)突發(fā)事件,正是轉(zhuǎn)型期社會(huì)矛盾日趨尖銳化的反映,且愈演愈烈,已經(jīng)嚴(yán)重威脅到人民群眾的人身安全和社會(huì)穩(wěn)定,成為影響我國構(gòu)建和諧社會(huì)的一大突出問題。 所謂社會(huì)性報(bào)復(fù)就是一群或者一個(gè)對(duì)社會(huì)、對(duì)人生充滿絕望的弱勢者因?yàn)槌鹨暽鐣?huì)、仇視強(qiáng)勢者而采取的極端報(bào)復(fù)性行為。社會(huì)性報(bào)復(fù)屬于非傳統(tǒng)犯罪,具有和其他傳統(tǒng)犯罪截然不同的特征,其參與主體一般都是處于社會(huì)底層的民眾,他們長期遭受社會(huì)的漠視甚至歧視,不公正的待遇使得他們的心中蓄積了許多不滿與仇恨,再加上自身的某些主觀因素導(dǎo)致心理扭曲,從而產(chǎn)生報(bào)復(fù)社會(huì)的想法。他們的作案手段、作案工具無常規(guī)可循,任何具有殺傷力的武器都有可能成為其選擇。更為重要的是,他們的犯罪不是針對(duì)直接利害關(guān)系者而是針對(duì)全社會(huì)而實(shí)施的,而他們的犯罪對(duì)象也往往是那些手無縛雞之力的無辜民眾,譬如孩子、老人、婦女等等之類。他們希望通過制造這些血腥的、能引起全社會(huì)高度關(guān)注甚至造成普遍恐懼的案件,來發(fā)泄自己心中長期積累的對(duì)社會(huì)的強(qiáng)烈不滿與仇恨。如震驚社會(huì)的一系列校園弒童案,2002年的南京“9·14湯山特大投毒案”等等。 社會(huì)型報(bào)復(fù)以針對(duì)不特定人的傷害為手段,傷及無辜、弱小生命,給受害者家庭造成了無法彌補(bǔ)的傷害,已經(jīng)嚴(yán)重威脅社會(huì)的和諧與穩(wěn)定。但是目前我國對(duì)社會(huì)型報(bào)復(fù)還沒有給予足夠的重視,不管是學(xué)界還是社會(huì)都把對(duì)社會(huì)突發(fā)安全事件的研究主要集中在參與人數(shù)眾多、影響面較廣的群體性事件,而且應(yīng)急級(jí)別通常是根據(jù)相應(yīng)的參與人數(shù)來確定的,缺乏對(duì)單個(gè)個(gè)體采用危害公共安全手段,傷及弱小無辜,以報(bào)復(fù)社會(huì)為目的社會(huì)突發(fā)事件的研究與應(yīng)對(duì)。至今,有關(guān)社會(huì)性報(bào)復(fù)的研究文獻(xiàn)和書籍還是寥寥可數(shù)。 本文將以中國目前已步入高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)社會(huì)為宏觀背景,在此前提下著重分析社會(huì)性報(bào)復(fù)的特征和成因,并以科塞的安全閥制度為理論視角,努力探尋解決社會(huì)性報(bào)復(fù)的合理措施。希望僅以此文能引起公眾特別是政府對(duì)于社會(huì)性報(bào)復(fù)事件的關(guān)注,從而政府能真正本著以保障人民利益為宗旨,迅速制定相關(guān)制度并及時(shí)采取相關(guān)措施,切實(shí)維護(hù)人民群眾的人身安全和社會(huì)和諧。
[Abstract]:With the implementation of the reform and opening policy as the symbol, China entered the transition period in 1978.It is undoubtedly correct to adhere to the general direction of reform and opening up, which has promoted the transformation of social structure in China, accelerated the flow of human and material resources among regions, greatly enhanced the social vitality and promoted the rapid prosperity and development of the society.At the same time, with the deepening of the reform and the adjustment of the pattern of interests, the phenomenon of social differentiation is becoming more and more serious, and the conflicts between different interest groups and even the main body are becoming more and more intense.China's social structure is in a state of relative imbalance.The sudden incident of social revenge is a reflection of the increasingly sharp social contradictions in the transitional period, which has seriously threatened the personal safety and social stability of the people, and has become a prominent problem affecting the construction of a harmonious society in our country.The so-called social revenge is an extreme retaliatory action taken by a group or a group of the disadvantaged who are full of despair about life because of their hatred of the society and the strong.Social retaliation is a non-traditional crime with distinct characteristics from other traditional crimes, and its participants are generally the people at the bottom of the society, who have suffered from social neglect and even discrimination for a long time.Unfair treatment makes their hearts accumulate a lot of discontent and hatred, and some subjective factors lead to psychological distortion, resulting in the idea of revenge society.Their modus operandi, instrumentalities are unconventional, and any lethal weapon could be their choice.More importantly, their crimes are committed not against direct stakeholders but against society as a whole, and they are often committed against innocent people, such as children, the elderly, women, and so on, who are powerless.They hope to vent their long accumulated strong discontent and hatred against society by creating these bloody cases which can draw the attention of the whole society and even cause widespread fear.Such as a series of shocking social cases of killing children on campus, Nanjing in 2002, "9 14 Tang Mountain poisoning case" and so on.Social revenge, by means of harming non-specific people, hurts innocent and weak lives, causes irreparable harm to the families of victims, and has seriously threatened the harmony and stability of the society.However, at present, our country has not paid enough attention to social retaliation. Whether in academic circles or in society, the research on social sudden security incidents is mainly focused on the mass incidents with a large number of participants and a wide range of influence.And the emergency level is usually determined according to the corresponding number of participants, the lack of individual use of public security measures to harm the weak and innocent, in order to retaliate society for the purpose of social emergencies research and response.So far, there are few studies and books on social revenge.Based on the macro-background that China has stepped into a high-risk society, this paper analyzes the characteristics and causes of social retaliation, and tries its best to find out the reasonable measures to solve the social revenge from the perspective of Koese's safety valve system.It is hoped that this article alone will draw the attention of the public, especially the Government, to the issue of social retaliation, so that the Government can, with the aim of safeguarding the interests of the people, formulate the relevant system and take relevant measures in a timely manner.We will earnestly safeguard the personal safety and social harmony of the masses of the people.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D631.43

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