壯藥蘭香草的鑒別研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-02-14 17:43
【摘要】：目的:蘭香草在廣西民間常作為解毒藥使用,用于疏散風(fēng)寒、活血散瘀、除濕止痛等。目前,對蘭香草的研究主要在化學(xué)成分方面;生藥學(xué)鑒別研究及藥材質(zhì)量分析方法未見報(bào)道。藥材的真?zhèn)蝺?yōu)劣研究是中藥安全有效的重要保障,也是藥材合理開發(fā)與應(yīng)用的基礎(chǔ)。本研究以蘭香草的為研究對象,通過對藥材性狀、顯微、薄層色譜等方面的研究,水分、灰分、浸出物的檢查、蘭香草藥材的紅外特征以及揮發(fā)油和總黃酮的含量測定,建立系統(tǒng)的生藥學(xué)鑒別方法和質(zhì)量分析方法,為蘭香草藥材的質(zhì)量控制提供參考依據(jù)。方法:1、對采集的13批藥材進(jìn)行性狀鑒別、顯微鑒別,并采用TLC法對藥材進(jìn)行定性研究。2、按《中國藥典》2015年版的方法進(jìn)行藥材水分、灰分、浸出物等限量檢查。3、采用紅外光譜技術(shù)研究蘭香草的紅外光譜特征。4、采用水蒸氣蒸餾法提取測定藥材的揮發(fā)油含量,研究花期前、盛花期、花期后蘭香草中揮發(fā)油的含量變化以及不同干燥方法對揮發(fā)油含量的影響。5、采用紫外-可見光分光光度法測定蘭香草中總黃酮的含量;單因素試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)合正交試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)優(yōu)化蘭香草總黃酮的超聲波提取工藝。結(jié)果:1、原植物形態(tài)、性狀特征、顯微特征與薄層色譜均具有鑒別意義。2、不同批次藥材水分含量在9.24%~11.82%的范圍內(nèi),總灰分含量為2.34%~4.99%,酸不溶灰分含量在0.13%~1.48%之間,50%乙醇浸出物的含量在14.65%~27..08%的范圍內(nèi)。3、蘭香草的紅外光譜顯示出多個特征吸收峰,具有一定的鑒別意義。4、蘭香草揮發(fā)油得油率在0.05%(m L/g)~0.40%(m L/g)之間,平均得油率為0.27%(m L/g)。在盛花期采收的蘭香草,其揮發(fā)油含量明顯高于花期前與花期后,提取率分別為0.40%(m L/g)、0.20%(m L/g)和0.05%(m L/g);不同方法干燥樣品揮發(fā)油的提取率大小為:陰干烘干曬干。5、蘭香草藥材總黃酮的含量在26.85mg/g~102.20mg/g之間。經(jīng)實(shí)驗(yàn)優(yōu)化篩選超聲波提取工藝為:以75%乙醇為提取溶劑,料液比為1:40,浸泡30min,超聲提取2次,每次45min,提取功率為300W。結(jié)論:本研究建立的蘭香草質(zhì)量分析方法簡單、快速,可為蘭香草藥材質(zhì)量評價提供基礎(chǔ)與理論參考。
[Abstract]:Objective: the herb is often used as antidote in Guangxi, which is used for evacuation of wind and cold, blood circulation and blood stasis, dehumidification and pain relief, etc. At present, the studies on the chemical constituents of herbs and herbs have not been reported in the field of pharmacognosy identification and drug quality analysis. The study of authenticity and falsehood of medicinal materials is an important guarantee for the safety and effectiveness of traditional Chinese medicine, and is also the basis for the rational development and application of medicinal materials. In this study, the characteristics of herbs, microscopic, TLC, moisture, ash, extract, infrared characteristics, volatile oil and total flavonoids were determined. A systematic pharmacognosy identification method and a quality analysis method were established to provide reference for the quality control of herbs. Methods: 1. 13 batches of medicinal materials were identified by character, microscopically and qualitatively studied by TLC. 2. According to the method of 2015 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia, the content of water, ash and extract were checked. Infrared spectroscopy was used to study the characteristics of the infrared spectrum of vanilla. 4. The volatile oil was extracted by steam distillation, and the content of volatile oil was determined before and after flowering. The content of volatile oil in vanilla after flowering and the effect of different drying methods on the content of volatile oil. 5. The content of total flavonoids in vanilla was determined by UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Single factor experimental design and orthogonal design were used to optimize the ultrasonic extraction process of total flavonoids. Results: 1. The morphology, characters, microscopic characteristics and TLC of the original plants were all significant. 2. The water content of different batches of medicinal materials was within 9.24% of 11.82%, and the total ash content was 2.34% and 4.99%, respectively. The content of acid insoluble ash is between 0.13% and 1.48%, and the content of 50% ethanol extract is in the range of 14.65%. The oil yield of the volatile oil was between 0.05% (mL / g) ~ 0.40% (mL / g) and the average oil yield was 0.27% (mL / g). The volatile oil content of vanilla harvested at full flowering stage was 0.40% (mL / g), 0.20% (mL / g) and 0.05% (mL / g), respectively, which was higher than that of pre-florescence and post-florescence, and the extraction rates were 0.40% (mL / g), 0.20% (mL / g) and 0.05% (mL / g), respectively. The extraction rate of volatile oil from different drying samples was as follows: dried in the shade and dried in the sun. 5. The content of total flavonoids in herbs was in the range of 26.85mg/g~102.20mg/g. The ultrasonic extraction process was optimized as follows: 75% ethanol was used as solvent, the ratio of material to liquid was 1: 40, immersion time was 30 min, ultrasonic extraction was carried out twice for 45 min, and the extraction power was 300 W. Conclusion: this method is simple and rapid, and can provide theoretical reference for quality evaluation of herbs.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：R29
本文編號：2422446
[Abstract]:Objective: the herb is often used as antidote in Guangxi, which is used for evacuation of wind and cold, blood circulation and blood stasis, dehumidification and pain relief, etc. At present, the studies on the chemical constituents of herbs and herbs have not been reported in the field of pharmacognosy identification and drug quality analysis. The study of authenticity and falsehood of medicinal materials is an important guarantee for the safety and effectiveness of traditional Chinese medicine, and is also the basis for the rational development and application of medicinal materials. In this study, the characteristics of herbs, microscopic, TLC, moisture, ash, extract, infrared characteristics, volatile oil and total flavonoids were determined. A systematic pharmacognosy identification method and a quality analysis method were established to provide reference for the quality control of herbs. Methods: 1. 13 batches of medicinal materials were identified by character, microscopically and qualitatively studied by TLC. 2. According to the method of 2015 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia, the content of water, ash and extract were checked. Infrared spectroscopy was used to study the characteristics of the infrared spectrum of vanilla. 4. The volatile oil was extracted by steam distillation, and the content of volatile oil was determined before and after flowering. The content of volatile oil in vanilla after flowering and the effect of different drying methods on the content of volatile oil. 5. The content of total flavonoids in vanilla was determined by UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Single factor experimental design and orthogonal design were used to optimize the ultrasonic extraction process of total flavonoids. Results: 1. The morphology, characters, microscopic characteristics and TLC of the original plants were all significant. 2. The water content of different batches of medicinal materials was within 9.24% of 11.82%, and the total ash content was 2.34% and 4.99%, respectively. The content of acid insoluble ash is between 0.13% and 1.48%, and the content of 50% ethanol extract is in the range of 14.65%. The oil yield of the volatile oil was between 0.05% (mL / g) ~ 0.40% (mL / g) and the average oil yield was 0.27% (mL / g). The volatile oil content of vanilla harvested at full flowering stage was 0.40% (mL / g), 0.20% (mL / g) and 0.05% (mL / g), respectively, which was higher than that of pre-florescence and post-florescence, and the extraction rates were 0.40% (mL / g), 0.20% (mL / g) and 0.05% (mL / g), respectively. The extraction rate of volatile oil from different drying samples was as follows: dried in the shade and dried in the sun. 5. The content of total flavonoids in herbs was in the range of 26.85mg/g~102.20mg/g. The ultrasonic extraction process was optimized as follows: 75% ethanol was used as solvent, the ratio of material to liquid was 1: 40, immersion time was 30 min, ultrasonic extraction was carried out twice for 45 min, and the extraction power was 300 W. Conclusion: this method is simple and rapid, and can provide theoretical reference for quality evaluation of herbs.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：R29
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