本文選題：巴旦木青皮 + 黃酮　； 參考：《新疆大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：新疆巴旦木(Amygdalus communis L.)資源豐富,但目前對(duì)巴旦木的利用僅僅局限于果仁及其粗加工品,其中占巴旦木果實(shí)20~30%的青皮作為廢棄物沒(méi)有被充分利用。因此,通過(guò)對(duì)巴旦木青皮中的黃酮類(lèi)物質(zhì)及三萜類(lèi)物質(zhì)等有效活性成分的研究,為巴旦木資源的綜合利用提供理論基礎(chǔ)和技術(shù)支持。本文用巴旦木青皮為研究試材,就巴旦木青皮中有效化學(xué)成分的初步提取與分離、活性物質(zhì)含量的測(cè)定以及提取物的抗氧化與抑菌能力的評(píng)價(jià)展開(kāi)研究。主要結(jié)論如下:1、對(duì)巴旦木青皮(新疆莎車(chē)縣)中常規(guī)化學(xué)成分進(jìn)行分析,測(cè)定出水分、灰分、粗脂肪、氨基酸、總糖、總多酚和總?cè)坪糠謩e為3.71±0.09%、13.30±0.18%、1.85±0.05%、2.08%、4.18±0.07%、0.59±0.01%和1.41±0.03%。2、采用超聲波輔助有機(jī)溶劑提取法對(duì)巴旦木青皮中總黃酮進(jìn)行提取,優(yōu)化后的提取條件為:提取劑100%甲醇,超聲時(shí)間30 min,料液比1:30(g/mL),提取次數(shù)3次,在該條件下總黃酮提取量可達(dá)31.94±0.36 mg/g,RSD為1.13%(n=3)。3、建立了分離巴旦木青皮中蘆丁(Rut)、金絲桃苷(Hyp)和紫云英苷(Ast)的高效液相色譜(HPLC)分析方法。結(jié)果表明:Rut標(biāo)準(zhǔn)品的質(zhì)量濃度和峰面積在0.1~100.0μg/mL的濃度范圍內(nèi)線(xiàn)性關(guān)系良好(R2=0.9999),回收率為93.24%~99.95%,RSD為1.92%~3.37%(n=3);Hyp標(biāo)準(zhǔn)品的質(zhì)量濃度和峰面積在0.1~100.0μg/mL濃度范圍內(nèi)線(xiàn)性關(guān)系良好(R2=0.9998),回收率為94.95%~101.54%,RSD為1.17%~2.95%(n=3);Ast標(biāo)準(zhǔn)品的質(zhì)量濃度和峰面積在0.1~100.0μg/mL的濃度范圍內(nèi)線(xiàn)性關(guān)系良好(R2=0.9999),回收率為92.37%~99.58%,RSD為1.24~3.41%(n=3);并采用高分辨質(zhì)譜法(HRMS)對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果進(jìn)一步進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證。4、建立了分離巴旦木青皮中齊墩果酸(OA)和熊果酸(UA)的HPLC分析方法。結(jié)果表明,OA標(biāo)準(zhǔn)品的質(zhì)量濃度和峰面積在5~500μg/mL的濃度范圍內(nèi)線(xiàn)性關(guān)系良好(R2=0.9999),回收率為89.67%~94.85%,RSD為1.28%~3.16%(n=3);UA標(biāo)準(zhǔn)品的質(zhì)量濃度和峰面積在5~500μg/m L的濃度范圍內(nèi)線(xiàn)性關(guān)系良好(R2=0.9999),回收率為88.67%~94.77%,RSD為1.07%~1.92%(n=3);并采用HRMS對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果進(jìn)一步進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證。5、采用超聲波輔助有機(jī)溶劑提取法對(duì)巴旦木青皮中的OA和UA進(jìn)行提取,優(yōu)化后的提取條件為:提取劑為95%乙醇、料液比為1:40(g/mL)、提取時(shí)間為40 min及提取次數(shù)為3次。在該提取條件下,OA的提取量可達(dá)1.01±0.003mg/g,RSD為2.97%(n=3),UA提取量可達(dá)0.68±0.002 mg/g,RSD為2.94%(n=3)。6、采用1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)自由基、羥基(OH)自由基、2,2-聯(lián)氮-二(3-乙基-苯并噻唑-6-磺酸)二胺鹽(ABTS)自由基清除法以及還原力測(cè)定法等四種指標(biāo)考察了巴旦木青皮甲醇提取物和乙醇提取物體外抗氧化能力的強(qiáng)弱。結(jié)果表明,提取物均具有一定的抗氧化能力,但與陽(yáng)性對(duì)照物蘆丁(Rutin)、維生素C(Vitamin C)、2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯(BHT)相比,抗氧化能力低于對(duì)照組,可能是由于所含抗氧化物質(zhì)的純度和化學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu)的不同導(dǎo)致。7、采用瓊脂擴(kuò)散法和生長(zhǎng)速率法評(píng)價(jià)了巴旦木青皮甲醇提取物和乙醇提取物對(duì)金黃色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢桿菌以及鐮刀菌、大麗輪枝菌的抑制作用。結(jié)果表明,提取物對(duì)所選菌種具有一定的抑制作用。
[Abstract]:The Amygdalus communis L. (Amygdalus communis) is rich in resources, but at present, the use of pidanwood is limited to kernel and its crude products, and the peel of 20~30% from the fruit of the Panna is not fully used as waste. This paper provides a theoretical basis and technical support for the comprehensive utilization of the resources of the pericarwood. This paper studies the preliminary extraction and separation of the effective chemical components in the pericarpine green skin, the determination of the content of active substances and the evaluation of the antioxidative and bacteriostasis ability of the extract. The main conclusions are as follows: 1. The chemical composition of skin (Xinjiang Shache county) was analyzed. The content of water, ash, crude fat, amino acid, total sugar, total polyphenols and total three terpenes were 3.71 + 0.09%, 13.30 + 0.18%, 1.85 + 0.05%, 2.08%, 4.18 + 0.07%, 0.59 + 0.01% and 1.41 + 0.03%.2, respectively. The extraction conditions were as follows: 100% methanol extraction agent, 30 min ultrasonic time and 3 times of extract ratio at 1:30 (g/mL). The extraction amount of total flavonoids can reach 31.94 + 0.36 mg/g and RSD is 1.13% (n=3).3. The high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for separation of rutin (Rut), Hyperoside (Hyp) and cloud oside (Ast) in the peel of pericarwood is established. The results showed that the linear relationship between the mass concentration and peak area of Rut standard was good (R2=0.9999) in the concentration range of 0.1~100.0 g/mL, the recovery rate was 93.24%~99.95%, RSD was 1.92%~3.37% (n=3), and the quality concentration and peak area of Hyp standard products were well (R2=0.9998) in 0.1~100.0 um g/mL concentration range (R2=0.9998), and the recovery rate was 94.95. %~101.54%, RSD is 1.17%~2.95% (n=3); the mass concentration and peak area of Ast standard products have a good linear relationship with the concentration range of 0.1~100.0 mu g/mL (R2=0.9999), the recovery rate is 92.37%~99.58%, RSD is 1.24~3.41% (n=3), and the experimental results are further verified by high resolution mass spectrometry. The results of HPLC analysis of oleic acid (OA) and ursolic acid (UA) show that the mass concentration and peak area of OA standard products have a good linear relationship in the concentration range of 5~500 / g/mL (R2=0.9999), the recovery rate is 89.67%~94.85%, and RSD is 1.28%~3.16% (n=3), and the mass concentration and peak area of the UA standard products have a good linear relationship with the concentration range. (R2=0.9999), the recovery rate is 88.67%~94.77%, RSD is 1.07%~1.92% (n=3), and HRMS is used to further verify the experimental results.5, and the ultrasonic assisted organic solvent extraction is used to extract OA and UA in the pericarpine green skin. The optimum extraction conditions are as follows: the extraction agent is 95% ethanol, the ratio of material to liquid is 1:40 (g/mL), and the extraction time is 40 min. And the extraction times are 3 times. Under this extraction condition, the extraction of OA can reach 1.01 + 0.003mg/g, RSD is 2.97% (n=3), the extraction of UA is 0.68 + 0.002 mg/g, RSD is 2.94% (n=3).6, 1,1- two phenyl -2- three nitrophenyl hydrazine (DPPH) radical, hydroxyl radical and two amine salt free radical, two (ethyl benzothiazole sulfonic acid) two amine salt free radical Four indexes, such as division and reductive force determination, were used to investigate the antioxidant capacity of the extractive and ethanol extracts from the carbinol and ethanol extracts of pericarwood. The results showed that the extracts all had a certain antioxidant capacity, but compared with the positive control rutin (Rutin), vitamin C (Vitamin C), 2,6- ditert butyl -4- methyl benzene (BHT), antioxidant energy. The force is lower than the control group, which may be due to the purity of the antioxidants and the difference in the chemical structure that lead to.7. The inhibition effect of the methanol extract and ethanol extract from the peel of the pericarp on Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Fusarium, Fusarium and dacydendron is evaluated by the agar diffusion method and the growth rate method. The extract has a certain inhibitory effect on the selected strains.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：新疆大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：R29

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