本文選題：變應(yīng)性鼻炎 + 過敏性鼻炎��； 參考：《北京中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：過敏性鼻炎(Allergic Rhinitis:簡稱AR)為由于機體接觸變應(yīng)原引起,以清涕不止、鼻塞、鼻癢和連續(xù)性噴嚏為主癥的一種變態(tài)反應(yīng)性疾病。目前過敏性鼻炎的全球患病率高達25%,且患病率還在增加趨勢。已成為臨床常見病。因為本病癥狀對患者生活質(zhì)量影響嚴(yán)重,需要積極治療,故本病被視為臨床重要疾病之一。過敏性鼻炎屬于中醫(yī)的“鼻鼽”范疇,現(xiàn)在中醫(yī)治療過敏性鼻炎已取得較好的結(jié)果,其中針灸治療由于價廉、易于接受、副作用少、效果良好等特點,受到臨床廣泛的歡迎。為了更有效地、更有針對性地治療本病,筆者從經(jīng)絡(luò)診察的觀點出發(fā),搜集古代和現(xiàn)代對本病治療的文獻內(nèi)容,對其結(jié)果進行統(tǒng)計分析,從此探討過敏性鼻炎經(jīng)絡(luò)診察的精確部位及穴位,對臨床針灸治療過敏性鼻炎有所啟發(fā)。方法筆者對古代針灸文獻和現(xiàn)代針灸治療過敏性鼻炎的文獻進行全面檢索。其中,古代文獻包括《內(nèi)經(jīng)》、《針灸甲乙經(jīng)》、《針灸大成》等24本文獻,現(xiàn)代文獻檢索對中醫(yī)學(xué)科影響因子比較高的17本期刊進行,其包括《中國針灸》、《針灸臨床雜志》、《上海針灸雜志》等。古代文獻檢索利用“中醫(yī)e百網(wǎng)”中醫(yī)古籍?dāng)?shù)據(jù)庫檢索功能結(jié)合人工查閱,以“鼽”、“清涕”、“嚏”、“鼻窒”、“鼻不利”等過敏性鼻炎典型癥狀的描述來進行�，F(xiàn)代文獻檢索利用“中國知網(wǎng)”的全文檢索功能,主要以“過敏性鼻炎”、“變應(yīng)性鼻炎”、“變態(tài)反應(yīng)行鼻炎”、“鼻鼽”、“花粉癥”等病名檢索詞和“針”、“灸”等治療檢索詞的結(jié)合運用進行。然后對此結(jié)果進行綜合分析,從此找出過敏性鼻炎經(jīng)絡(luò)診察的規(guī)律性和有效穴位。結(jié)果1.古代文獻結(jié)果檢索到對過敏性鼻炎論述260條,涉及10條經(jīng)脈,58個穴位,合303穴次。涉及經(jīng)絡(luò)包括足三陽經(jīng)、手三陽經(jīng)、手太陰經(jīng)、足少陰經(jīng)、督脈、任脈,其中陽經(jīng)的穴位個數(shù)及次數(shù)占的比例較大。主要涉及部位是頭面、上肢、下肢的三個部位。主要涉及穴位有上星、迎香、風(fēng)門、口禾毼、囟會、百會、素毼等。2.現(xiàn)代文獻結(jié)果檢索到92篇文章,結(jié)果涉及13條經(jīng)脈,6個經(jīng)外奇穴,64個穴位,合687穴次。涉及經(jīng)絡(luò)包括足三陽經(jīng)、手三陽經(jīng)、足三陰經(jīng)、手太陰肺經(jīng)、手厥陰心經(jīng)、督脈、任脈以及經(jīng)外奇穴,其中陽經(jīng)的穴位個數(shù)及次數(shù)占的比例較大。涉及部位主要有頭面、肩背、上肢、下肢的四個部位。主要涉及穴位有迎香、合谷、印堂、足三里、肺俞、風(fēng)池等。結(jié)論1.通過結(jié)果分析發(fā)現(xiàn),針灸治療過敏性鼻炎所選用的穴位陽經(jīng)多于陰經(jīng),陽經(jīng)多主實證、熱證,這說明針灸治療本病多以實證為主。2.本病主要涉及的經(jīng)脈為手陽明大腸經(jīng)、足陽明胃經(jīng)、足太陽膀胱經(jīng)、足少陽膽經(jīng)、督脈的5條經(jīng)脈,還有一些上迎香、印堂等經(jīng)外奇穴。3.通過結(jié)果分析,針灸治療本病所涉及的主要部位是頭面部、肩背部、上肢部和下肢部。4.根據(jù)涉及經(jīng)脈、部位和穴位的分析,過敏性鼻炎經(jīng)絡(luò)診察的精確部位的初步總結(jié)如下：手陽明大腸經(jīng)在上肢部診察用穴是合谷、二間、三間、偏歷、曲池,在頭面部診察用穴是迎香、禾毼；足太陽膀胱經(jīng)在頭面部診察用穴是通天、攢竹、承光、玉枕、曲差,在肩背部診察用穴是肺俞、腎俞、脾俞、風(fēng)門、肝俞,在下肢部診察用穴是足通谷、至陰、京骨、昆侖、承筋、承山、飛揚；足少陽膽經(jīng)的診察用穴是風(fēng)池、頭臨泣、承靈；足陽明胃經(jīng)在頭面部診察用穴是巨毼、地倉、四白、頭維、下關(guān),在下肢部診察用穴是足三里、歷兌、豐隆、內(nèi)廷；督脈在頭面部診察用穴是上星、囟會、百會、素毼、神庭、水溝,在肩背部診察用穴是大椎、命門；在頭面部可以配合印堂、上迎香等經(jīng)外奇穴的診察。經(jīng)脈和穴位不僅具有治療疾病的功能,還能反映機體的病理變化�！鹅`樞·刺節(jié)真邪》云：“用針者,必先察其經(jīng)絡(luò)之實虛,切而循之,按而彈之,視其應(yīng)動者,乃后取之而下之�！睆拇丝梢�,通過經(jīng)絡(luò)診察所找出的病理經(jīng)脈和穴位就是針灸治療部位,反之亦然。因此,本論文所得出的過敏性鼻炎的診察規(guī)律結(jié)果,可在臨床診察過敏性鼻炎時應(yīng)用,通過經(jīng)絡(luò)診察確定陽性反應(yīng)部位和穴位,即可作為針灸施治部位。
[Abstract]:Allergic rhinitis (Allergic Rhinitis: AR) is caused because the body is exposed to allergens, with more than t-ching, a stuffy nose, nasal itching and allergic disease with main symptom of continuous sneezing. Current allergic rhinitis global prevalence rate as high as 25%, and the prevalence is still rising trend has become a common disease in clinic. Because of the serious influence. The disease symptoms on quality of life of patients, need active treatment, so the disease is regarded as one of the most important clinical diseases. Allergic rhinitis TCM belongs to the category of "biqiu", now the Chinese medicine treatment of allergic rhinitis has achieved good results, the acupuncture treatment because of cheap, easy to accept, fewer side-effects. Well, by clinical widely welcomed. In order to be more effective, more targeted treatment of this disease, the author from the meridian diagnostic point of view, collection of ancient and modern treatment of this disease is the contents of a document, on the Results of statistical analysis, then explore the precise site of allergic rhinitis and acupoint meridian diagnostic, to inspire the allergic rhinitis clinical acupuncture therapy. Methods of the ancient and modern literature of acupuncture and moxibustion acupuncture in the treatment of allergic rhinitis. The comprehensive literature retrieval of ancient literature, including the < >, < > zhenjiujiayijing. < > 24 the acupuncture of traditional Chinese literature, impact factors of relatively high 17 of the Journal of modern literature retrieval, including China > < < Journal of clinical acupuncture, acupuncture >, < >. Shanghai Journal of acupuncture and moxibustion in ancient literature retrieval using "Chinese e 100 net" of ancient Chinese medicine database retrieval function combined with artificial inspection, "Qiu", "t-ching", "Ti", "stuffy nose", "the typical symptoms of allergic rhinitis and other nasal adverse" description of modern literature retrieval. Using the function of "the China HowNet", to "allergy Rhinitis "," allergic rhinitis "," allergic rhinitis line "," biqiu "," hay fever "disease and the search term" needle "," moxibustion treatment for the use of the word retrieval combination. Then made a comprehensive analysis of the results, and then find out the regularity of acupuncture for allergic rhinitis. Meridian diagnostic results of the 1. ancient literature retrieval results of allergic rhinitis on 260, involving 10 meridians, 58 points, 303 points. To include foot Sanyang meridians, three yang meridians of hand, hand Taiyin meridian, kidney meridian, Du, Ren, the number of points by Yang the number of times and a greater proportion. The main part is to head, upper limbs, lower limbs. The three parts mainly involves the points on the star, Yingxiang, door, mouth wo He, fontanelle, Baihui, Su He.2. modern literature retrieval results to 92 articles, the results involving 13 meridians, 6 extrachannel points, 64 points 687, "including. Involves the meridian foot Sanyang, three yang meridians of hand, foot three yin meridian, lung meridian, heart meridian of hand Jueyin, Ren and Du, extrachannel points, of which the number of yang meridians and acupoint number accounted for a larger proportion. The main part relates to head, shoulder, upper extremity four, a part of the lower limb. The main points are involved in Yingxiang, Hegu, Zusanli, Yintang, Feishu, Fengchi. Conclusion 1. the result shows that, the acupuncture treatment of allergic rhinitis by acupoint Yang Yin Yang by more than, the main empirical heat syndrome, which shows more evidence based.2. this disease is mainly related to the therapy of acupuncture meridians to the large intestine meridian of hand Yangming, stomach meridian, bladder meridian, foot Shaoyang meridians, 5 meridians Du, there are some incense, Yintang extrachannel points.3. through the analysis of results, the main parts involved in acupuncture treatment of this disease is the head on the face, shoulder and back. 鑲㈤儴鍜屼笅鑲㈤儴.4.鏍規(guī)嵁娑夊強緇忚剦,閮ㄤ綅鍜岀┐浣嶇殑鍒嗘瀽,榪囨晱鎬ч薊鐐庣粡緇滆瘖瀵熺殑綺劇‘閮ㄤ綅鐨勫垵姝ユ，

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