【摘要】： 戰(zhàn)傷救護(hù)五項(xiàng)技術(shù)(止血、包扎、固定、搬運(yùn)和通氣),是戰(zhàn)場急救的核心,被列入軍事訓(xùn)練的共同課目,要求軍隊(duì)每個(gè)衛(wèi)生技術(shù)人員和非衛(wèi)生技術(shù)人員必須熟練掌握。然而其訓(xùn)練現(xiàn)狀存在諸多不足,訓(xùn)練內(nèi)容、方法和手段不夠先進(jìn),難以適應(yīng)高技術(shù)條件下衛(wèi)勤訓(xùn)練的需求。傳統(tǒng)的理論授課、錄像、操作示范缺乏互動(dòng)、參與;技術(shù)操作訓(xùn)練往往是技術(shù)的拆分,難以保證對(duì)五項(xiàng)技術(shù)全范圍全功能的訓(xùn)練,同時(shí)不能營造緊張的戰(zhàn)傷急救情景,難以達(dá)到綜合訓(xùn)練的目的;通過組織戰(zhàn)備模擬演練,可以感受實(shí)戰(zhàn)氣氛,然而耗費(fèi)大量的人力物力資源,不能保證經(jīng)常性的訓(xùn)練,難以保障訓(xùn)練的質(zhì)和量。為此我們需探討一種貼近實(shí)戰(zhàn),既經(jīng)濟(jì)又高效同時(shí)易于推廣的訓(xùn)練方法來補(bǔ)充目前訓(xùn)練現(xiàn)狀的不足。 目前,以信息化為特征的模擬訓(xùn)練系統(tǒng),以其特有的逼真性、高效性和經(jīng)濟(jì)性等優(yōu)勢,成為世界主流國家軍事訓(xùn)練的發(fā)展趨勢,針對(duì)這一趨勢,以及綜合近幾年利用計(jì)算機(jī)進(jìn)行輔助訓(xùn)練在護(hù)理教學(xué)以及醫(yī)學(xué)教育方面的應(yīng)用,我們采用了計(jì)算機(jī)虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)技術(shù)對(duì)戰(zhàn)傷救護(hù)五項(xiàng)技術(shù)進(jìn)行模擬訓(xùn)練,可以最大限度的營造逼真的戰(zhàn)場景況,模擬未來戰(zhàn)爭的各種可能情況,使學(xué)習(xí)者最大限度的貼近實(shí)戰(zhàn)鍛煉。該模擬訓(xùn)練系統(tǒng)可以為學(xué)習(xí)者提供各種傷員的受傷情況,全面模擬演練各種受傷處理過程,提高在戰(zhàn)場緊急情況下迅速作出判斷和決策搶救傷員的能力。 此款模擬訓(xùn)練系統(tǒng)利用虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)技術(shù),真實(shí)再現(xiàn)戰(zhàn)斗一線的情景,綜合設(shè)置并動(dòng)畫模擬傷員的受傷情況、治療過程,通過人機(jī)互動(dòng)達(dá)到訓(xùn)練目的。操作者可以直觀的體會(huì)戰(zhàn)傷救護(hù)的過程,提高救治傷員的應(yīng)急能力。 本文首先介紹戰(zhàn)傷救護(hù)五項(xiàng)技術(shù)的內(nèi)容,以及利用虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)技術(shù)進(jìn)行五項(xiàng)技術(shù)模擬訓(xùn)練的概念及其優(yōu)越性,從而提出了利用虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)技術(shù)模擬戰(zhàn)傷救護(hù)五項(xiàng)技術(shù)訓(xùn)練的觀點(diǎn),接著介紹了虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)技術(shù)在各國軍事上的發(fā)展和應(yīng)用,提出了計(jì)算機(jī)模擬各種軍事訓(xùn)練的優(yōu)越性和可行性。詳細(xì)介紹了本模擬訓(xùn)練系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)思路、方案,以及其開發(fā)工具Director MX 2004和Flash 8的相關(guān)知識(shí)和基本操作,介紹了系統(tǒng)的硬件開發(fā)環(huán)境和軟件開發(fā)環(huán)境,重點(diǎn)描述了軟件的詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)。本文設(shè)計(jì)的系統(tǒng)模塊包括傷員搜尋、工具選擇、傷員救治順序、受傷部位處理順序、考核評(píng)估、場景轉(zhuǎn)換等功能模塊。
[Abstract]:Five techniques (hemostasis, bandaging, fixation, handling and ventilation) are the core of battlefield first aid, and are included in the common subject of military training, which requires that every medical technician and non-health technician in the army must be proficient. However, its training status has many shortcomings, the training content, methods and means are not advanced enough to meet the needs of medical service training under the condition of high technology. Traditional theory teaching, video, operation demonstration lack of interaction, participation; Technical operation training is often the separation of technology, it is difficult to guarantee the full range and full function training of five technologies, at the same time, it can not create a tense situation of first aid of war injury, and it is difficult to achieve the purpose of comprehensive training. Through organizing the simulation exercise of war readiness, we can feel the actual combat atmosphere. However, it is difficult to guarantee the quality and quantity of the training because it consumes a lot of manpower and material resources and can not guarantee the regular training. Therefore, we need to explore a training method which is close to actual combat, economical, efficient and easy to popularize to supplement the deficiency of current training situation. At present, the simulation training system characterized by information technology has become the development trend of military training in mainstream countries in the world because of its unique advantages such as lifelike, high efficiency and economy. As well as the application of computer aided training in nursing teaching and medical education in recent years, we use the computer virtual reality technology to simulate the five techniques of war injury rescue. It can create realistic battlefield conditions, simulate all kinds of possible situations of future war, and make learners get close to actual combat training as far as possible. The simulation training system can provide learners with various injury situations, simulate all kinds of injury treatment processes, and improve the ability to make quick judgment and decision to rescue the wounded in battlefield emergencies. This simulation training system uses virtual reality technology to truly reproduce the scene of the front line of battle, synthetically sets and animates the injured situation of the wounded, treats the process, and achieves the purpose of training through man-machine interaction. The operator can intuitively understand the process of war injury rescue and improve the emergency ability of treating the wounded. This paper first introduces the contents of the five techniques of war wound rescue, and the concept and superiority of using virtual reality technology to simulate the five techniques, and then puts forward the viewpoint of using virtual reality technology to simulate the five techniques of war injury rescue training. Then it introduces the development and application of virtual reality technology in the military of various countries, and puts forward the superiority and feasibility of computer simulation of various military training. This paper introduces the design idea and scheme of the simulation training system in detail, as well as the related knowledge and basic operation of its development tools Director MX 2004 and Flash 8, and introduces the hardware development environment and software development environment of the system. The detailed design of the software is described in detail. The system modules designed in this paper include casualty search, tool selection, casualty treatment sequence, injury site treatment sequence, assessment, scene conversion and other functional modules.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：第四軍醫(yī)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2008
【分類號(hào)】：R82

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