【摘要】： 學(xué)科學(xué)理論認(rèn)為,任何一個學(xué)科理論的產(chǎn)生都是歷史發(fā)展的必然,是時代發(fā)展的必然產(chǎn)物。 目前,在我國除了傳統(tǒng)意義上的軍事戰(zhàn)爭,非傳統(tǒng)威脅已成為和平時期的主要威脅,恐怖襲擊、突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生事件、自然災(zāi)害、跨國犯罪、生物安全、經(jīng)濟安全、環(huán)境安全、能源安全等賦予了軍事醫(yī)學(xué)新的保障任務(wù)。這些任務(wù)包括傳統(tǒng)的軍事醫(yī)學(xué)任務(wù),也包括新形勢下時代發(fā)展賦予軍事醫(yī)學(xué)的延伸任務(wù),而軍事醫(yī)學(xué)任務(wù)體系所涉及的學(xué)科內(nèi)容已超出軍事醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)科體系的涵蓋范圍。中國特色的新軍事變革、寓軍于民的國防戰(zhàn)略、全面建設(shè)現(xiàn)代后勤、科學(xué)發(fā)展觀明確了軍事醫(yī)學(xué)的發(fā)展方向和轉(zhuǎn)型需求,我國軍事醫(yī)學(xué)的學(xué)科建設(shè)和發(fā)展應(yīng)該如何面向未來發(fā)展需求還需要深入研究。新國家安全觀、新軍事變革對我國國防建設(shè)提出了新的要求,現(xiàn)代國防必須有相應(yīng)的醫(yī)學(xué)研究作為支撐,面對新的國家安全形勢,作為國家科技創(chuàng)新體系暨國防科技創(chuàng)新體系的一部分,建立一個覆蓋范圍更為廣泛的醫(yī)學(xué)分支學(xué)科及其學(xué)科體系,即國防醫(yī)學(xué)及其學(xué)科體系成為必不可少的內(nèi)容。 本文運用文獻調(diào)研、專家咨詢、聚類分析、綜合歸納、對比分析等方法,通過分析國防醫(yī)學(xué)所涉及的主要醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)科范圍,采用適當(dāng)?shù)膶W(xué)科分類方法,嘗試構(gòu)建一個能夠適應(yīng)國防醫(yī)學(xué)任務(wù)體系的國防醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)科體系框架,根據(jù)國防醫(yī)學(xué)所涵蓋的學(xué)科領(lǐng)域在國內(nèi)外的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展趨勢,初步提出既符合我國現(xiàn)有軍事醫(yī)學(xué)基礎(chǔ),又能適應(yīng)國防醫(yī)學(xué)發(fā)展需求的,建設(shè)我國國防醫(yī)學(xué)的學(xué)科發(fā)展建議,為我國國防醫(yī)學(xué)和我軍軍事醫(yī)學(xué)的學(xué)科發(fā)展提供理論參考。 論文正文共分為四大部分: 第一部分對國防醫(yī)學(xué)和國防醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)科體系進行了初步的學(xué)科學(xué)理論探討,包括學(xué)科和學(xué)科體系的涵義,國防醫(yī)學(xué)的定義、學(xué)科性質(zhì)、誕生條件、研究對象、研究方法、地位和作用、與軍事醫(yī)學(xué)的關(guān)系,國防醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)科體系的學(xué)科學(xué)理論研究,以及國防醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)科體系與軍事醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)科體系的關(guān)系等內(nèi)容。 第二部分簡要分析國防醫(yī)學(xué)所擔(dān)負(fù)的國防任務(wù)體系,即以軍人為主要研究和保障對象的部隊衛(wèi)勤保障和以軍民結(jié)合保障為主的災(zāi)害與應(yīng)急醫(yī)學(xué)救援、國防職業(yè)的醫(yī)學(xué)防護、國防衛(wèi)生事業(yè)管理、國事安全的醫(yī)學(xué)保障等五類,分列出各類任務(wù)范圍所涵蓋的、與國防有關(guān)的各個主要醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)科范疇,為下一步構(gòu)建國防醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)科體系提供一定量可供選擇的醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)科范圍。 第三部分比較研究國內(nèi)外醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)科分類標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和方法,包括中國國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)《學(xué)科分類與代碼》(GB/T13745-92);中國家自然科學(xué)基金委《國家自然科學(xué)基金學(xué)科分類目錄及代碼》;中國國務(wù)院學(xué)委會、國家教委《授予博士、碩士學(xué)位和培養(yǎng)研究生的學(xué)科、專業(yè)目錄》;《中國圖書館分類法》;《中國科學(xué)院圖書館圖書分類法》;《Medicus Index》(《醫(yī)學(xué)索引》)的《Medical Subject Headings》(簡稱《MeSH主題詞表》),以及有關(guān)軍事醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)科劃分的《中國軍用醫(yī)學(xué)主題詞表》等。分析其中涉及的與國防有關(guān)的主要醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)科,與根據(jù)任務(wù)體系所列出的醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)科范圍共同構(gòu)建出國防醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)科體系所涵蓋的基本學(xué)科范圍。對比分析各學(xué)科分類標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和方法,選出合適的學(xué)科劃分方法,根據(jù)學(xué)科研究針對的時期特點將國防醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)科體系劃分為平時國防醫(yī)學(xué)研究和戰(zhàn)時國防醫(yī)學(xué)研究兩大類,繼續(xù)細分為軍民平時國防醫(yī)學(xué)研究、軍民平戰(zhàn)結(jié)合國防醫(yī)學(xué)研究、軍民戰(zhàn)時國防醫(yī)學(xué)研究三部分,并再次細分為六小部分,初步構(gòu)建出國防醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)科體系的框架。同時,對軍事醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)科體系進行了簡單探討,結(jié)合以往軍事醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)科體系的劃分方法(主要包括美國、俄羅斯、中國三個國家的多種劃分方法),依據(jù)國防醫(yī)學(xué)所涵蓋的學(xué)科范圍和已構(gòu)建的國防醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)科體系的初步理論框架,嘗試著對軍事醫(yī)學(xué)理論學(xué)科體系進行了重新構(gòu)建。 第四部分根據(jù)我國國防醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)科體系的現(xiàn)實基礎(chǔ),即以部隊保障為主的軍事醫(yī)學(xué)研究現(xiàn)狀和以軍民結(jié)合保障為主的學(xué)科研究現(xiàn)狀(包括我國臺灣地區(qū)部分情況),以及國外國防醫(yī)學(xué)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀以及未來的發(fā)展趨勢,包括北約、歐盟(前獨聯(lián)體)、美國、俄羅斯(前蘇聯(lián))、日本、法國、英國、德國(東、西德)、印度、韓國、朝鮮、意大利、以色列、澳大利亞、瑞士、巴基斯坦、荷蘭、新加坡等國家和地區(qū)的,以部隊保障為主的軍事醫(yī)學(xué)研究現(xiàn)狀和以軍民結(jié)合保障為主的學(xué)科研究現(xiàn)狀及發(fā)展趨勢,初步提出既符合我國現(xiàn)有軍事醫(yī)學(xué)基礎(chǔ),又能適應(yīng)國防醫(yī)學(xué)發(fā)展需求的,建設(shè)我國國防醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)科體系的發(fā)展建議,即對我國已經(jīng)發(fā)展較好的學(xué)科、需繼續(xù)擴展的學(xué)科和需要新增加的學(xué)科的初步分析和總結(jié),為我國國防醫(yī)學(xué)和我軍軍事醫(yī)學(xué)的學(xué)科發(fā)展提供理論參考。
[Abstract]:According to the theory of science, the emergence of any discipline theory is the inevitable result of historical development and the development of the times.
At present, in our country, in addition to the military war in the traditional sense, the non-traditional threat has become the main threat in the peace period. Terrorist attacks, public health emergencies, natural disasters, transnational crimes, biological safety, economic security, environmental security, energy security, etc. have endowed military medical new security tasks. These tasks include traditional military medicine. The task of learning includes the extension task of military medicine under the new situation, and the subject content of the military medical task system has gone beyond the scope of the military medical discipline system. The new military revolution with Chinese characteristics, the defense strategy of army and the people, the establishment of modern logistics, and the clear military medicine of Scientific Outlook on Development. The new national security concept and the new military reform have put forward new requirements for our national defense construction, and the modern national defense must have corresponding medical research as support and face the new national security situation. For the part of the national scientific and technological innovation system and the national defense science and technology innovation system, a more extensive medical branch and its discipline system have been set up, that is, the defense medicine and its discipline system have become an essential part.
By means of literature research, expert consultation, cluster analysis, comprehensive induction and comparative analysis, this paper tries to construct a framework of national defense medicine discipline system which can adapt to National Defense Medical task system by analyzing the main medical disciplines involved in national defense medicine. The development status and development trend of the subject field both at home and abroad, and preliminarily put forward the suggestion of developing the discipline development of our national defense medicine, which not only accord with the existing military medical foundation of our country, but also meet the needs of the development of national defense medicine, and provide theoretical reference for the development of our national defense medicine and our military medical science.
The text of the paper is divided into four parts.
The first part of the subject system of defense medicine and national defense medicine has been preliminarily studied, including the meaning of discipline and discipline system, the definition of the defense medicine, the nature of the discipline, the conditions of birth, the object of research, the research method, the position and function, the relationship with the military medicine, the theoretical research of the discipline system of defense medicine. And the relationship between the discipline system of national defense medicine and the discipline system of military medicine.
The second part is a brief analysis of the national defense task system which is carried out by the national defense medicine, which is divided into five categories, including the military medical support for the main research and security objects, the disaster and emergency medical rescue based on the combination of military and civilian support, the medical protection of the national defense profession, the management of national defense and health, and the medical security of the national security. The scope of the major medical disciplines covered by national defense provides a certain range of medical disciplines that can be selected for the next step of building the discipline system of defense medicine.
The third part compares the classification standards and methods of medical disciplines both at home and abroad, including the national standard of China, the subject classification and code (GB/T13745-92), the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the classification catalogue and code of the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the State Council of China, the national Education Commission of the State Council, the doctor, master's degree and the training of graduate students. The subject, the professional catalogue, the Chinese Library Classification law, the library classification law of the library of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the of the (< medical index >), and the Chinese Military Medical Subject Thesaurus on the division of military medicine. The medical discipline, together with the scope of the medical discipline listed according to the task system, constructs the basic subject scope covered by the defense medicine discipline system, compares and analyzes the classification standards and methods of various disciplines, selects the appropriate method of division of discipline, and divides the defense medicine discipline system into national defense according to the specific points of the subject research. The two major categories of medical research and wartime Defense Medical Research continue to be subdivided into military and civilian national defense medicine research, military and civilian war combined with national defense medicine research, military and civil war period defense medicine research three parts, and again subdivided into six small parts, initially building the framework of the defense medicine discipline system. At the same time, the military medical discipline system was simplified. On the basis of the division method of the previous military medical discipline system (mainly including the various methods of dividing the three countries in the United States, Russia and China), according to the subject scope covered by the national defense medicine and the preliminary theoretical framework of the system of defense medicine, the military medical theory system has been rebuilt.
The fourth part is based on the realistic foundation of our national defense medicine system, namely, the status of Military Medical Research Based on military support and the status of the research on the combination of military and civilian support (including some cases in Taiwan), as well as the development status of foreign defense medicine and the future development trend, including NATO and the European Union (former independence). The United States, the United States, Russia (former Soviet Union), Japan, France, Britain, Germany (East, West Germany), India, Korea, Korea, Italy, Israel, Australia, Switzerland, Pakistan, Holland, Singapore and other countries and regions, the status of Military Medical Research Based on military support and the status and development of military and civilian integration as the main research and development trend. The development proposal not only conforms to the existing military medical basis of our country, but also meets the needs of the development of national defense medicine. It is a proposal for the development of the discipline system of national defense medicine in our country. That is, the first step analysis and summary of the subject which has already developed well in our country and the need for the further expansion of the subject and the new increasing discipline are also proposed for our national defense medicine and our military army. It provides a theoretical reference for the development of the subject medicine.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國人民解放軍軍事醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2008
【分類號】：R82

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本文編號：2137141

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