本文選題：飛行人員 + 療養(yǎng)�。� 參考：《第四軍醫(yī)大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：飛行人員是一種特殊的職業(yè)群體，特別是軍事飛行人員，其身心素質(zhì)優(yōu)于正常人群，但常年擔(dān)負(fù)著訓(xùn)練和戰(zhàn)備任務(wù)，飛行環(huán)境中的不良影響都會對他們的身心產(chǎn)生很大的影響，極易引起生理和心理疲勞，這嚴(yán)重威脅了飛行安全。因此，開展維護(hù)飛行人員身心健康的研究十分必要。 目前，對飛行人員身心健康的維護(hù)研究多為研制防護(hù)裝備和生理心理訓(xùn)練，這只是針對某一方面的即時性防護(hù)，而非總整體上進(jìn)行長遠(yuǎn)調(diào)節(jié)。礦泉療養(yǎng)因子作為一種重要的療養(yǎng)手段得到了更為廣泛的應(yīng)用。其作用機(jī)理涵蓋了物理學(xué)、化學(xué)、生理學(xué)、臨床醫(yī)學(xué)等方面，且有效地作用于人體各個器官系統(tǒng)。因此，開展礦泉療養(yǎng)因子對飛行人員，特別是軍事飛行人員身心狀態(tài)的比較研究，對確保我國空軍的戰(zhàn)斗力具有重要意義。并且，采用何種礦泉療養(yǎng)方案可以有效地改善療養(yǎng)飛行人員心血管功能和心境狀態(tài)，也是航空醫(yī)學(xué)所面臨的重要課題。 本研究以療養(yǎng)的飛行人員為研究對象，通過觀察和比較21d礦泉浴療養(yǎng)和運動鍛煉療養(yǎng)對飛行人員心血管功能和心境狀態(tài)的影響，旨在進(jìn)一步闡明礦泉療養(yǎng)因子對改善飛行人員身心狀態(tài)的效果，探尋礦泉療養(yǎng)因子對身心整體的調(diào)節(jié)作用，為制定有效的綜合療養(yǎng)方案打下理論基礎(chǔ)。 本研究的主要結(jié)果與發(fā)現(xiàn)如下： 1.21d礦泉浴療養(yǎng)前后心血管功能的變化 本實驗觀察和比較了三組飛行人員21d礦泉浴療養(yǎng)前后心率和血壓的變化。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)：21d鍛煉，礦泉浴組心率增快和舒張壓降低有顯著意義（P0.01）；礦泉游泳組心率增快和收縮壓有升高有顯著意義（P0.01）。結(jié)果提示，礦泉游泳鍛煉可以提高飛行人員心臟功能和耐氧能力。 本實驗觀察和比較了三組飛行人員21d礦泉浴療養(yǎng)前后心臟收縮功能的變化。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)：21d鍛煉，礦泉浴組較之前PEP、PEP/LVE呈增加趨勢，ICT顯著增加（P0.01），ICT/LVET顯著增加（P0.05）。結(jié)果提示，礦泉游泳作為良性的有氧運動，相較于礦泉浴對心臟收縮功能的增強(qiáng)更為顯著。 本實驗觀察和比較了三組飛行人員21d礦泉浴療養(yǎng)前后心臟泵血功能的變化。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)：21d鍛煉，對照組SV、CO、CI呈升高趨勢，，TPR呈下降趨勢；礦泉組經(jīng)過了21d的礦泉浴SV、CO、CI呈下降趨勢，TPR呈上升趨勢；礦泉游泳組SV、CO、CI在游泳鍛煉后升高趨勢更加明顯，TPR有明顯下降趨勢。結(jié)果提示，礦泉游泳作為良性的有氧運動，相較于礦泉浴對心臟泵血功能的增強(qiáng)更為顯著。 本實驗觀察和比較了三組飛行人員21d礦泉浴療養(yǎng)前后心率變異性的變化。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)：21d鍛煉，礦泉浴組LF/HF顯著降低，LFn的變化率顯著降低（P0.05），HF的變化率顯著升高（P0.05）。組間比較，鍛煉后礦泉浴組較對照組HF、HFn變化率顯著增加（P0.05），LF/HF降低，LF變化率顯著降低（P0.05）；礦泉游泳組較對照組HFn變化率顯著升高（P0.05）。結(jié)果提示，兩種鍛煉均可增強(qiáng)迷走張力，但礦泉浴作用更為顯著，這對調(diào)節(jié)自主神經(jīng)平衡具有重要作用。 本實驗觀察和比較了三組飛行人員21d礦泉浴療養(yǎng)前后心率變異性的變化。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)：各項指標(biāo)鍛煉前后無明顯改變，組間對比也無顯著性差異。結(jié)果提示，礦泉療養(yǎng)的心血管調(diào)節(jié)以心臟調(diào)節(jié)為主。 2.21d礦泉浴療養(yǎng)前后心境狀態(tài)的變化 本實驗采用POMS量表觀察和比較了三組飛行人員21d礦泉浴療養(yǎng)前后心境狀態(tài)的變化。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)：鍛煉前，各組的POMS量表總分值相近，經(jīng)過12d的鍛煉，不管是對照組還是礦泉游泳組或是礦泉浴組，POMS量表總分值均有下降趨勢，其中以礦泉浴組和礦泉游泳組的降低顯著，具有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義（P0.05）。礦泉浴組較其他兩組的POMS量表總分值顯著降低，差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義（P0.05）。經(jīng)過21d鍛煉，礦泉浴組消極情緒狀態(tài)緊張-焦慮、憤怒-敵意、疲乏-惰性以及困惑-迷茫這四項評分顯著降低（P0.05），與此同時，積極情緒狀態(tài)有力-好動項評分顯著升高（P0.05）。抑郁-沮喪項評分在礦泉浴后僅有降低趨勢。其余兩組雖然在鍛煉前后各項評分也有變化，但不明顯。結(jié)果提示，飛行人員的POMS量表總分值在礦泉療養(yǎng)后出現(xiàn)了下降，說明飛行人員的負(fù)性情緒減弱，心境轉(zhuǎn)好，以礦泉浴組最為顯著。 總之，本實驗通過比較21d礦泉浴療養(yǎng)前后飛行人員的心血管功能變化和心境狀態(tài)變化，發(fā)現(xiàn)礦泉療養(yǎng)因子可改善飛行人員的身心狀態(tài)，消除長期飛行帶來的身心不良影響。強(qiáng)調(diào)了機(jī)體的生理和心理是一個整體，會相互作用。本工作對今后制定我國更為科學(xué)合理的飛行人員綜合療養(yǎng)方案提供了實驗依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Flight personnel is a special professional group , especially military flight personnel , whose physical and mental quality is superior to that of normal people . However , the adverse effects of training and combat readiness and flying environment have a great impact on their mind and mind , which poses a serious threat to flight safety . Therefore , it is necessary to carry out the research on maintaining physical and mental health of flying personnel .

At present , the research on the maintenance of physical and mental health of flying personnel is to develop protective equipment and physiological psychology training , which is only for the temporary protection on a certain aspect , but not on the whole . The mechanism of action of mineral spring is more widely used as an important treatment method . The mechanism of action covers the physical , chemical , physiology , clinical medicine and so on . It has important significance for ensuring the combat effectiveness of air force .

The purpose of this study was to study the effect of spa treatment on cardiovascular function and mood states of pilots by observing and comparing the effects of spa treatment and exercise training on cardiovascular function and mood states of pilots .

The main findings and findings of this study are as follows :

The changes of cardiovascular function before and after 1 . 21 d spa treatment

The changes of heart rate and blood pressure were observed and compared before and after 21 d spa treatments . The results showed that the rate of heart rate increase and diastolic blood pressure decreased significantly in 21 days ( P0.01 ) .
The results suggest that mineral spring swimming exercise can improve the cardiac function and oxygen - resistant ability of pilots .

In this experiment , the changes of the systolic function of the heart before and after 21 d spa treatment were observed and compared . The results showed that : 21 d of exercise , compared with the previous PEP , PEP / LVE , ICT increased significantly ( P0.01 ) , ICT / LVET increased significantly ( P0.05 ) .

In this experiment , the changes of the blood function of the heart pump were observed and compared before and after 21 days in the spa treatment . The results showed that : 21 days of exercise , the SV , CO and CI in the control group increased and TPR decreased ;
The trend of decline of SV , CO and CI of mineral spring in the mineral spring group was decreased and TPR increased .
The results suggest that the mineral spring swimming is a benign aerobic exercise , and the enhancement of the blood function of the heart pump is more remarkable than that of the mineral spring bath .

The results showed that the rate of change of LF / HF decreased significantly ( P0.05 ) , the rate of change of HF increased significantly ( P0.05 ) , LF / HF decreased and LF rate of change was significantly decreased ( P0.05 ) .
Compared with control group , the rate of change of HFn increased significantly ( P0.05 ) . The results suggested that both exercise could enhance the vagus tension , but the effect of mineral spring bath was more significant , which plays an important role in regulating the balance of autonomic nerve .

The results showed that there was no significant difference between the two groups before and after the training . The results showed that the cardiovascular regulation of the spa was mainly regulated by the heart .

2 . Changes of mood state before and after the sanatorium in the mineral spring bath

The results showed that the total score of POMS in mineral spring bath group was significantly lower than that of other two groups ( P0.05 ) .

In conclusion , by comparing the cardiovascular function changes and the mood state change of the flying personnel before and after the 21 - day spa treatment , it is found that the spa factors can improve the physical and mental state of the flying personnel and eliminate the psychological and psychological effects caused by long - term flight . The body ' s physiology and psychology are a whole , which will interact . This work provides experimental basis for the future development of a more scientific and reasonable integrated nursing scheme in our country .
【學(xué)位授予單位】：第四軍醫(yī)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R85

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